Acidic deposition to streams: A geology-based method predicts their sensitivity
Owen P. Bricker, Karen C. Rice
1989, Environmental Science & Technology (23) 379-385
All water that reaches watershed systems comes directly or indirectly from precipitation. Normally, this water contains very small amounts of dissolved solids and is only slightly acidic. As a result of chemical reactions in watersheds, however, stream water generated from precipitation normally is less acidic and contains larger concentrations of...
Seepage study of the South Bend, Richfield, and Vermillion Canals, Sevier County, Utah
L. R. Herbert, G. J. Smith
1989, Technical Publication 97
A seepage investigation was made in 1987 on selected reaches of the South Bend, Richfield, and Vermillion Canals in Sevier County, Utah, to determine gains or losses in discharge. Fluctuations in discharge were adjusted using information from stage recorders operated at selected locations during each set of discharge measurements. The...
Glacier outburst floods at Mount Rainier, Washington State, U.S.A.
Carolyn L. Driedger, A. G. Fountain
1989, Annals of Glaciology (13) 51-55
During the twentieth century, glacial outburst floods have been the most destructive natural events on Mount Rainier, a stratovolcano in the Cascade Range in Washington State, U.S.A. In the period between 1930 and 1980 numerous floods were reported from five glaciers on the mountain, most of which flowed from Nisqually,...
Dynamic pore-pressure fluctuations in rapidly shearing granular materials
Richard M. Iverson, Richard G. Lahusen
1989, Science (246) 796-799
Results from two types of experiments show that intergranular pore pressures fluctuated dynamically during rapid, steady shear deformation of water-saturated granular materials. During some fluctuations, the pore water locally supported all normal and shear stresses, while grain-contact stresses transiently fell to zero. Fluctuations also propagated outward from the...
Comparison of infectious hematopoietic necrosis in natural and experimental infections of spawning salmonids by infectivity and immunohistochemistry
T. Yamamoto, C.K. Arakawa, W.N. Batts, J. R. Winton
1989, Book chapter, Viruses of Lower Vertebrates
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis (IHN) continues to be a serious virus disease of salmonids with epizootics recorded in both wild and hatchery populations (Williams and Amend 1976; Carlisle et al 1979; Groberg and Fryer 1983; Saft and Pratt 1986; Traxler 1987; Follett et al 1987; Meyers et al 1988). While originally...
Variation in capture efficiency of a beach seine for small fishes
M.J. Parsley, D.E. Palmer, R.W. Burkhardt
1989, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (9) 239-244
We determined the capture efficiency of a beach seine as a means of improving abundance estimates of small fishes in littoral areas. Capture efficiency for 14 taxa (individual species or species groups) was determined by seining within an enclosure at night over fine and coarse substrates in the John Day...
Enhanced detection of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus by pretreatment of cell monolayers with polyethylene glycol
W.N. Batts, J. R. Winton
1989, Journal of Aquatic Animal Health (1) 261-267
To improve quantification of very low levels of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) in samples of tissue, ovarian fluid, or natural water supplies, we tested the ability of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to enhance the sensitivity and speed of the plaque assay system. We compared 4, 7, and 10% solutions...
Methods for developing new stocks of Atlantic salmon
1989, Biological Report 89(12)
The productivity of many streams in NewEngland for Atlantic salmon is being restored through abatement of water pollution and removal of barriers to migrating fish. As a result, interest is increasing in reestablishment of natural spawning runs of Atlantic salmon in some of these streams. I describe methods intended to...
Concentration of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus from water samples by tangential flow filtration and polyethylene glycol precipitation
W.N. Batts, J. R. Winton
1989, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (46 ) 964-968
Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) was concentrated from water samples by polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation, tangential flow filtration (TFF), and by a combination of TFF followed by PEG precipitation of the retentate. Used alone, PEG increased virus titers more than 200-fold, and the efficiency of recovery was as great as...
A method to directly measure maximum volume of fish stomachs or digestive tracts
C.C. Burley, S. Vigg
1989, Journal of Fish Biology (34) 707-714
A new method for measuring maximum stomach or digestive tract volume of fish incorporates air injection at constant pressure with water displacement to measure directly the internal volume of a stomach or analogous structure. The method was tested with coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum), which has a true stomach, and...
Water-quality data for the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system in the northern coast plain of New Jersey, 1923-86
Douglas A. Harriman, Daryll A. Pope, Alison D. Gordon
1989, Report
Ground-water-quality data for the upper and middle aquifers of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system in Middlesex and Monmouth Counties are compiled for the period 1923-86. A total of 330 wells were sampled: 192 wells in the upper aquifer and 138 wells in the middle aquifer. Most of the complete water-quality analyses...
A positive relationship between groundwater velocity and submersed macrophyte biomass in Sparkling Lake, Wisconsin
David M. Lodge, David P. Krabbenhoft, Robert G. Striegl
1989, Limnology and Oceanography (34) 235-239
We measured groundwater velocity and submersed macrophyte biomass at 52 shal- low (0.4-6.6 m) sites in mesotrophic Sparkling Lake, Vilas County, Wisconsin, during May-Au- gust 1985. Seventeen percent of variation in macrophyte biomass was explained by a signifi- cant (P < 0.005) relation with depth [log(biomass + 1) = 0.49...
Water resources of Vilas County, WI
G. L. Patterson
1989, Miscellaneous Public 89-1
Hydrogeology of Wood County, Wisconsin
W. G. Batten
1989, Wisconsin Geological & Natural History Survey Information Circular 60
The presence of low-permeability Precambrian rocks near land surface limits ground-water availability in the northern two-thirds of Wood County. Sand and gravel deposits provide large amounts of water (more than 500 gallons per minute) to some wells in the southeastern part of the county. Fine-grained unconsolidated deposits generally are less...
Geochemistry of oils and hydrocarbon source rocks, greater Anadarko Basin: evidence for multiple sources of oils and long-distance oil migration
R.C. Burruss, J. R. Hatch
1989, Book chapter, Anadarko Basin symposium, 1988 (Circular 90)
Organic geochemical analyses of 104 crude oils and 190 core samples of dark-colored shales from the greater Anadarko basin show three major oil types which generally correlate with reservoir age and source-rock age. Analyses include C3-C30 whole-oil gas chromatography, C10+ saturated-hydrocarbon-fraction gas chromatography, and carbon stable isotopes (ppt relative to...
Formation resistivity as an indicator of the onset of oil generation in the Woodford Shale, Anadarko Basin, Oklahoma
James W. Schmoker, Timothy C. Hester
1989, Book chapter, Anadarko Basin symposium, 1988 (Circular 90)
The Upper Devonian and Lower Mississippian Woodford Shale is a black, organic-rich shale that is a major hydrocarbon source rock in the Anadarko basin. With the onset of oil generation, nonconductive hydrocarbons begin to replace conductive pore water in the Woodford, and formation resistivity increases. Crossplots of formation resistivity versus...
Paleohydrology of the Anadarko Basin, central United States
Donald G. Jorgensen
1989, Book chapter, Anadarko Basin symposium (Circular 90)
Geohydrologic systems in the Anadarko basin in the central United States are controlled by topography, climate, geologic structures, and aquifer hydraulic properties, all of which are the result of past geologic and hydrologic processes, including tectonics and diagenesis. From Late Cambrian through Middle Ordovician time, a generally transgressive but cyclic...
Thermal maturity of the Anadarko Basin
James W. Schmoker
1989, Book chapter, Anadarko Basin symposium, 1988 (Circular 90)
Levels of thermal maturity are estimated for Paleozoic strata in five areas of the central Anadarko basin for times between the Paleozoic and the present, and depths of the oil window are plotted as a function of geologic time. Mean surface temperature assumed here for calculating Lopatin's time-temperature index of...
United States Geological Survey yearbook, fiscal year 1988
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
1989, Report
The fiscal year 1988 Yearbook summarizes the activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in response to its scientific and regulatory missions....
Relation of salinity and selenium in shallow groundwater to hydrologic and geochemical processes, Western San Joaquin Valley, California
S. J. Deverel, S.K. Gallanthine
1989, Journal of Hydrology (109) 125-149
Salinity and selenium concentrations in shallow groundwater of the western San Joaquin Valley, California, are related to the geomorphology and hydrology of the alluvial fans. The highest salinity and selenium concentrations in shallow groundwater occur in alluvium deposited by ephemeral streams and at the margins of the major alluvial fans,...
Behavior of fish predators and their prey: Habitat choice between open water and dense vegetation
Jacqueline F. Savino, Roy A. Stein
1989, Environmental Biology of Fishes (24) 287-293
Behavior of largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides, and northern pike, Esox lucius, foraging on fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas, or bluegills, Lepomis macrochirus, was quantified in pools with 50% cover (half the pool had artificial stems at a density of 1000 stems m−2). Both predators spent most of...
Avian botulism: geographic expansion of a historic disease
Louis N. Locke, Milton Friend
1989, Fish and Wildlife Leaflet 13.2.4
Avian botulism is a paralytic, often fatal disease of birds resulting from ingestion of toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Waterfowl die-offs from the botulism are usually caused by type C toxin; sporadic die-offs among fish-eating birds, such as common loons (Gavia immer) and gulls, have been caused by...
Resident research associateships, postdoctoral research awards 1989: opportunities for research at the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Department of the Interior
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. National Research Council
1989, Report
The scientists of the U.S. Geological Survey are engaged in a wide range of geologic, geophysical, geochemical, hydrologic, and cartographic programs, including the application of computer science to them. These programs offer exciting possibilities for scientific achievement and professional growth to young scientists through participation as Research Associates....
Comparison of fish catches with buoyant pop nets and seines in vegetated and nonvegetated habitats
M. R. Dewey, L. E. Holland-Bartels, S. J. Zigler
1989, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (9) 249-253
Two models of pop nets were developed to sample fish in shallow riverine waters, one for use in vegetated areas and the other for nonvegetated areas. Both nets have a mechanical release mechanism that can be tripped from the water surface. Replicated field tests were conducted to compare pop-net catches...
Earthquakes & Volcanoes, Volume 21, Number 1, 1989: Featuring the U.S. Geological Survey's National Earthquake Information Center in Golden, Colorado, USA
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, Henry Spall, Diane C. Schnabel
1989, Report
Earthquakes and Volcanoes is published bimonthly by the U.S. Geological Survey to provide current information on earthquakes and seismology, volcanoes, and related natural hazards of interest to both generalized and specialized readers. The Secretary of the Interior has determined that the publication of this periodical is necessary in the transaction...
