Habitat selection and spawning success of walleye in a tributary to Owasco Lake, New York
Marc A. Chalupnicki, James H. Johnson, James E. McKenna Jr., Dawn E. Dittman
2010, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (30) 170-178
Walleyes Sander vitreus are stocked into Owasco Lake, New York, to provide a sport fishery, but the population must be sustained by annual hatchery supplementation despite the presence of appropriate habitat. Therefore, we evaluated walleye spawning success in Dutch Hollow Brook, a tributary of Owasco Lake, to determine whether early...
Aviation response to a widely dispersed volcanic ash and gas cloud from the August 2008 eruption of Kasatochi, Alaska, USA
Marianne Guffanti, David J. Schneider, Kristi L. Wallace, Tony Hall, Dov R. Bensimon, Leonard J. Salinas
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres (115)
The extensive volcanic cloud from Kasatochi's 2008 eruption caused widespread disruptions to aviation operations along Pacific oceanic, Canadian, and U.S. air routes. Based on aviation hazard warnings issued by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Geological Survey, the Federal Aviation Administration, and Meteorological Service of Canada, air carriers largely...
Longitudinal structure in temperate stream fish communities: evaluating conceptual models with temporal data
James H. Roberts, Nathaniel P. Hitt
2010, Conference Paper, Community ecology of stream fishes : concepts, approaches, and techniques; American Fisheries Symposium 73
Five conceptual models of longitudinal fish community organization in streams were examined: (1) niche diversity model (NDM), (2) stream continuum model (SCM), (3) immigrant accessibility model (IAM), (4) environmental stability model (ESM), and (5) adventitious stream model (ASM). We used differences among models in their predictions about temporal species turnover,...
Gemstones
D.W. Olson
2010, Mining Engineering (62) 50-51
Information on the gemstones industry in 2009 is presented. Specifically, details on U.S. production of natural gemstones and laboratory-created, simulant, and treated gemstones; consumption and uses of gemstones; gemstone prices; imports and exports of gemstones; and the outlook for the sector are provided....
Dioszegia antarctica sp. nov. and Dioszegia cryoxerica sp. nov., psychrophilic basidiomycetous yeasts from polar desert soils in Antarctica
Russell J. Rodriguez, L. Connell, R. Redman, A. Barrett, M. Iszard, A. Fonseca
2010, International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (60) 1466-1472
During a survey of the culturable soil fungal population in samples collected in Taylor Valley, South Victoria Land, Antarctica, 13 basidiomycetous yeast strains with orange-coloured colonies were isolated. Phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and partial LSU rRNA gene sequences showed that the strains belong to the Dioszegia clade...
Mineral resource of the month: cesium
Marc A. Angulo
2010, Earth (55) 29-29
The article offers information on cesium, a golden alkali metal derived from the Latin word caesium which means bluish gray. It mentions that cesium is the first element discovered with the use of spectroscopy. It adds that the leading producer and supplier of cesium is Canada and there are 50,000...
Diel behavior of rearing fall Chinook salmon
Kenneth F. Tiffan, Tobias J. Kock, Joseph J. Skalicky
2010, Northwestern Naturalist (91) 342-345
In fisheries science, habitat use is often inferred when fish are sampled or observed in a particular location. Physical habitat is typically measured where fish are found, and thus deemed important to habitat use. Although less common, a more informative approach is to measure or observe fish behavior within given...
Mineral resource of the month: platinum group metals
Patricia J. Loferski
2010, Earth (55) 28-29
The article focuses on platinum group metals (PGMs) and their properties. According to the author, PGMs, which include iridium, osmium, palladium, platinum, rhodium, and ruthenium, are among the rarest mineral commodities in the Earth's crust. PGMs are primarily used as catalytic converters that clean harmful exhaust from vehicle engines. They...
Use of geochemical, isotopic, and age tracer data to develop models of groundwater flow for the purpose of water management, northern High Plains aquifer, USA
Peter B. McMahon, C. P. Carney, E. P. Poeter, Steven M. Peterson
2010, PNAS (25) 910-922
A prolonged drought in the High Plains of Nebraska prompted the use of groundwater for cooling at the largest coal-fired power plant in the State. Prior to the drought, groundwater was used primarily for irrigation and the power plant relied exclusively on surface water stored in a nearby reservoir for...
Effect of clay content and mineralogy on frictional sliding behavior of simulated gouges: binary and ternary mixtures of quartz, illite, and montmorillonite
Sheryl Tembe, David A. Lockner, Teng-Fong Wong
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (115)
We investigated the frictional sliding behavior of simulated quartz-clay gouges under stress conditions relevant to seismogenic depths. Conventional triaxial compression tests were conducted at 40 MPa effective normal stress on saturated saw cut samples containing binary and ternary mixtures of quartz, montmorillonite, and illite. In all cases, frictional strengths of...
Mineral resource of the month: lead
David E. Guberman
2010, Earth (55) 29-29
The article discusses the properties and uses lead as a mineral resource. According to the author, lead is a corrosion-resistant, dense, ductile, and malleable blue-gray metal that has been used by humans for 5,000 years. Lead was first used in decorative, fixtures, roofs, pipes, and windows. The author says that...
An experimental vaccine against Aeromonas hydrophila can induce protection in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)
S. E. LaPatra, K.P. Plant, S. Alcorn, V. Ostland, J. Winton
2010, Journal of Fish Diseases (33) 143-151
A candidate vaccine against Aeromonas hydrophila in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, was developed using a bacterial lysate. To test the strength of protection, A. hydrophila challenge models were compared using injection into both the intraperitoneal (IP) cavity and the dorsal sinus (DS) with selected doses of live bacteria washed in...
Improving inferences from fisheries capture-recapture studies through remote detection of PIT tags
David A. Hewitt, Eric C. Janney, Brian S. Hayes, Rip S. Shively
2010, Fisheries (35) 217-231
Models for capture-recapture data are commonly used in analyses of the dynamics of fish and wildlife populations, especially for estimating vital parameters such as survival. Capture-recapture methods provide more reliable inferences than other methods commonly used in fisheries studies. However, for rare or elusive fish species, parameter estimation is often...
Early invasion population structure of quagga mussel and associated benthic invertebrate community composition on soft sediment in a large reservoir
Marion E. Wittmann, Sudeep Chandra, Andrea Caires, Marianne Denton, Michael R. Rosen, Wai Hing Wong, Todd Teitjen, Kent Turner, Peggy Roefer, G. Chris Holdren
2010, Lake and Reservoir Management (26) 316-327
In 2007 an invasive dreissenid mussel species, Dreissena bugensis (quagga mussel), was discovered in Lake Mead reservoir (AZ–NV). Within 2 years, adult populations have spread throughout the lake and are not only colonizing hard substrates, but also establishing in soft sediments at depths ranging from 1 to >100 m. Dreissena...
Amplification and transport of an endemic fish disease by an introduced species
Paul Hershberger, Bjorn Leeuw, Gregg Jacob, Courtney Grady, Kenneth Lujan, Susan Gutenberger, Maureen K. Purcell, James Woodson, James Winton, Michael Parsley
2010, Biological Invasions (12) 3665-3675
The introduction of American shad from the Atlantic to the Pacific coast of North America in the late 1800’s and the subsequent population expansion in the 1980’s resulted in the amplification of Ichthyophonus sp., a Mesomycetozoean parasite of wild marine fishes. Sequence analysis of the ribosomal DNA gene complex (small...
New plant records from the Hawaiian Archipelago
Forest Starr, Kim Starr, Lloyd L. Loope
Neal L. Evenhuis, Lucius G. Eldredge, editor(s)
2010, Bishop Museum Occasional Papers: Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 2008 (107) 61-68
The following contributions include 19 new plant records for the islands of Kure Atoll (1), Midway Atoll (7), Lāna‘i (9), Kaho‘olawe (1), and Maui (1). The records are comprised of one new state record and 18 new island records. All but one of the records are non-natives. Images of most...
Diatomite
R.D. Crangle Jr.
2010, Mining Engineering (62) 45-46
Information on the diatomite industry in 2009 is presented. Specifically, details on diatomite production and prices, properties, its future supply, and natural and synthetic substitutes are provided....
Precise tremor source locations and amplitude variations along the lower-crustal central San Andreas Fault
David R. Shelly, Jeanne L. Hardebeck
2010, Geophysical Research Letters (37)
We precisely locate 88 tremor families along the central San Andreas Fault using a 3D velocity model and numerous P and S wave arrival times estimated from seismogram stacks of up to 400 events per tremor family. Maximum tremor amplitudes vary along the fault by at least a factor of...
Current challenges using models to forecast seawater intrusion: lessons from the Eastern Shore of Virginia, USA
Ward E. Sanford, Jason P. Pope
2010, Hydrogeology Journal (18) 73-93
A three-dimensional model of the aquifer system of the Eastern Shore of Virginia, USA was calibrated to reproduce historical water levels and forecast the potential for saltwater intrusion. Future scenarios were simulated with two pumping schemes to predict potential areas of saltwater intrusion. Simulations suggest that only a few wells...
Mineral resource of the month: iron ore
John Jorgenson
2010, Earth (55) 29-29
The article provides information on iron ore, including its use in steelmaking....
Bauxite and alumina
E.L. Bray
2010, Mining Engineering (62) 40-41
The article reports on the global market performance of bauxite and alumina in 2009 and presents an outlook for their 2010 performance. There were only several U.S. states that could produce bauxite and bauxitic clays including Georgia, Arkansas, and Alabama. The prices for imported refractory-grade calcined bauxite ranged between 426...
Mineral resource of the month: salt
Dennis S. Kostick
2010, Earth (55) 27-27
The article presents information on various types of salt. Rock salt is either found from underground halite deposits or near the surface. Other types of salt include solar salt, salt brine, and vacuum pan salt. The different uses of salt are also given including its use as a flavor enhancer,...
Mineral resource of the month: silicon
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
2010, Earth (55) 27-27
The article offers information about silicon, a metalloid element which is considered the second-most abundant element in the Earth crust....
Diet of lake trout and burbot in northern Lake Michigan during spring: Evidence of ecological interaction
Gregory R. Jacobs, Charles P. Madenjian, David B. Bunnell, Jeffrey D. Holuszko
2010, Journal of Great Lakes Research (36) 312-317
We used analyses of burbot (Lota lota) and lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) diets taken during spring gill-net surveys in northern Lake Michigan in 2006-2008 to investigate the potential for competition and predator-prey interactions between these two species. We also compared our results to historical data from 1932. During 2006-2008, lake...
Introduction to special section on phenomenology, underlying processes, and hazard implications of aseismic slip and nonvolcanic tremor
Joan Gomberg
2010, Journal of Geophysical Research (115)
This paper introduces the special section on the "phenomenology, underlying processes, and hazard implications of aseismic slip and nonvolcanic tremor" by highlighting key results of the studies published in it. Many of the results indicate that seismic and aseismic manifestations of slow slip reflect transient shear displacements on the plate...
