Holocene and late glacial palaeoceanography and palaeolimnology of the Black Sea: Changing sediment provenance and basin hydrography over the past 20,000 years
David Z. Piper, S.E. Calvert
2011, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (75) 5597-5624
The elemental geochemistry of Late Pleistocene and Holocene sediments of the Black Sea, recovered in box cores from the basin margins and a 5-m gravity core from the central abyssal region of the basin, identifies two terrigenous sediment sources over the last 20 kyrs. One source region includes Anatolia and...
Differential survival among sSOD-1* genotypes in Chinook Salmon
Michael C. Hayes, Reginald R. Reisenbichler, Stephen P. Rubin, Lisa A. Wetzel, Anne R. Marshall
2011, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (140) 1305-1316
Differential survival and growth were tested in Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha expressing two common alleles, *–100 and *–260, at the superoxide dismutase locus (sSOD-1*). These tests were necessary to support separate studies in which the two alleles were used as genetic marks under the assumption of mark neutrality. Heterozygous adults...
Oxidative stress response of Forster's terns (Sterna forsteri) and Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia) to mercury and selenium bioaccumulation in liver, kidney, and brain
David J. Hoffman, Collin A. Eagles-Smith, Joshua T. Ackerman, Terrence L. Adelsbach, Katherine R. Stebbins
2011, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (30) 920-929
Bioindicators of oxidative stress were examined in prebreeding and breeding adult and chick Forster's terns (Sterna forsteri) and in prebreeding adult Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia) in San Francisco Bay, California. Highest total mercury (THg) concentrations (mean±standard error;μg/g dry wt) in liver (17.7±1.7), kidney (20.5±1.9), and brain (3.0±0.3) occurred in breeding...
Transient surface liquid in Titan's south polar region from Cassini
A. G. Hayes, O. Aharonson, J. I. Lunine, R. L. Kirk, H. A. Zebker, L. C. Wye, R. D. Lorenz, E. P. Turtle, P. Paillou, Giuseppe Mitri, S. D. Wall, E. R. Stofan, K. L. Mitchell, C. Elachi
2011, Icarus (211) 655-671
Cassini RADAR images of Titan’s south polar region acquired during southern summer contain lake features which disappear between observations. These features show a tenfold increases in backscatter cross-section between images acquired one year apart, which is inconsistent with common scattering models without invoking temporal variability. The morphologic boundaries are...
Effectiveness of post-fire seeding at the Fitzner-Eberhardt Arid Land Ecology Reserve, Washington
Troy A. Wirth, David A. Pyke
2011, Open-File Report 2011-1241
In August 2007, the Milepost 17 and Wautoma fires burned a combined total of 77,349 acres (31,302 hectares) of the Fitzner-Eberhardt Arid Land Ecology Reserve (ALE), part of the Hanford Reach National Monument administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Mid-Columbia National Wildlife Refuge. In 2009, the USFWS...
Sensing disease and danger: A survey of vertebrate PRRs and their origins
John D. Hansen, Lucia N. Vojtech, Kerry J. Laing
2011, Developmental and Comparative Immunology (35) 886-897
A key facet of the innate immune response lays in its ability to recognize and respond to invading microorganisms and cellular disturbances. Through the use of germ-line encoded PRRs, the innate immune system is capable of detecting invariant pathogen motifs termed pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS) that are distinct from host...
Nonnative fish control in the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona: An effective program or serendipitous timing?
Coggins Jr., Michael D. Yard, William E. Pine III
2011, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (140) 456-470
The federally endangered humpback chub Gila cypha in the Colorado River within Grand Canyon is currently the focus of a multiyear program of ecosystem-level experimentation designed to improve native fish survival and promote population recovery as part of the Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program. A key element of this...
Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and striped mullet (Mugil cephalus) as vectors of contaminants to human consumers in northwest Florida
Natalie K. Karouna-Renier, Richard A. Snyder, Ted Lange, Suzanne Gibson, Jeffrey G. Allison, Matthew E. Wagner, K. Ranga Rao
2011, Marine Environmental Research (72) 96-104
The health benefits of regular consumption of fish and seafood have been espoused for many years. However, fish are also a potential source of environmental contaminants that have well known adverse effects on human health. We investigated the consumption risks for largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides; n = 104) and striped mullet (Mugil cephalus; n = 170),...
Simulation of branched serial first-order decay of atrazine and metabolites in adapted and nonadapted soils
Richard M. Webb, Mark W. Sandstrom, L. Jason Krutz, Dale L. Shaner
2011, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (30) 1973-1981
In the present study a branched serial first-order decay (BSFOD) model is presented and used to derive transformation rates describing the decay of a common herbicide, atrazine, and its metabolites observed in unsaturated soils adapted to previous atrazine applications and in soils with no history of atrazine applications. Calibration of...
Microhabitat associations of a semi-terrestrial fish, Kryptolebias marmoratus (Poey 1880) in a mosquito-ditched mangrove forest, west-central Florida
Travis M. Richards, Justin M. Krebs, Carole C. McIvor
2011, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology (401) 48-56
Mangrove rivulus (Kryptolebias marmoratus) is one of the few species of fish that is semi-terrestrial and able to use exposed intertidal and potentially supratidal habitats for prolonged periods of time. Based on previous work demonstrating frequent use of subterranean crab burrows as well as damp leaf litter and logs, we...
Small-scale sediment transport patterns and bedform morphodynamics: New insights from high resolution multibeam bathymetry
Patrick L. Barnard, Li H. Erikson, Rikk G. Kvitek
2011, Geo-Marine Letters (31) 227-236
New multibeam echosounder and processing technologies yield sub-meter-scale bathymetric resolution, revealing striking details of bedform morphology that are shaped by complex boundary-layer flow dynamics at a range of spatial and temporal scales. An inertially aided post processed kinematic (IAPPK) technique generates a smoothed best estimate trajectory (SBET) solution to tie...
Local richness along gradients in the Siskiyou herb flora: R. H. Whittaker revisited
James B. Grace, Susan Harrison, Ellen Ingman Damschen
2011, Ecology (92) 108-120
In his classic study in the Siskiyou Mountains (Oregon, USA), one of the most botanically rich forested regions in North America, R. H. Whittaker (1960) foreshadowed many modern ideas on the multivariate control of local species richness along environmental gradients related to productivity. Using a structural equation model...
Learning and adaptation in the management of waterfowl harvests
Fred A. Johnson
2011, Journal of Environmental Management (92) 1385-1394
A formal framework for the adaptive management of waterfowl harvests was adopted by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in 1995. The process admits competing models of waterfowl population dynamics and harvest impacts, and relies on model averaging to compute optimal strategies for regulating harvest. Model weights, reflecting the relative...
Incorporating parametric uncertainty into population viability analysis models
Conor P. McGowan, Michael C. Runge, Michael A. Larson
2011, Biological Conservation (144) 1400-1408
Uncertainty in parameter estimates from sampling variation or expert judgment can introduce substantial uncertainty into ecological predictions based on those estimates. However, in standard population viability analyses, one of the most widely used tools for managing plant, fish and wildlife populations, parametric uncertainty is often ignored in or discarded from...
Characterization of culturable bacteria isolated from the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa
Julia P. Galkiewicz, Zoe A. Pratte, Michael A. Gray, Christina A. Kellogg
2011, FEMS Microbiology Ecology (77) 333-346
Microorganisms associated with corals are hypothesized to contribute to the function of the host animal by cycling nutrients, breaking down carbon sources, fixing nitrogen, and producing antibiotics. This is the first study to culture and characterize bacteria from Lophelia pertusa, a cold-water coral found in the deep sea, in an...
Accuracy of flowmeters measuring horizontal groundwater flow in an unconsolidated aquifer simulator.
E.R. Bayless, Wayne A. Mandell, James R. Ursic
2011, Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (31) 48-62
Borehole flowmeters that measure horizontal flow velocity and direction of groundwater flow are being increasingly applied to a wide variety of environmental problems. This study was carried out to evaluate the measurement accuracy of several types of flowmeters in an unconsolidated aquifer simulator. Flowmeter response to hydraulic gradient, aquifer properties,...
Conservation genetics of evolutionary lineages of the endangered mountain yellow-legged frog, Rana muscosa (Amphibia: Ranidae), in southern California
Sean D. Schoville, Tate S. Tustall, Vance T. Vredenburg, Adam R. Backlin, Elizabeth Gallegos, Dustin A. Wood, Robert N. Fisher
2011, Biological Conservation (144) 2031-2040
Severe population declines led to the listing of southern California Rana muscosa (Ranidae) as endangered in 2002. Nine small populations inhabit watersheds in three isolated mountain ranges, the San Gabriel, San Bernardino and San Jacinto. One population from the Dark Canyon tributary in the San Jacinto Mountains has been used...
Assessment of the geomorphic effects of large floods using streamgage data: The 1951 floods in eastern Kansas, USA
Mark W. Bowen, Kyle E. Juracek
2011, Physical Geography (32) 52-77
Data from 23 U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) streamgages were analyzed to assess the geomorphic effects (short-term change and subsequent recovery) of the record 1951 floods on streams in eastern Kansas. Flood-related, channel-bed elevation change was indicated for 17 gage sites, with substantial deposition at five sites and substantial erosion at...
Assessment of lead exposure in Spanish imperial eagle (Aquila adalberti) from spent ammunition in central Spain
Julia Rodriguez-Ramos Fernandez, Ursula Hofle, Rafael Mateo, Olga Nicolas de Francisco, Rachel Abbott, Pelayo Acevedo, Juan-Manuel Blanco
2011, Ecotoxicology (20) 670-681
The Spanish imperial eagle (Aquila adalberti) is found only in the Iberian Peninsula and is considered one of the most threatened birds of prey in Europe. Here we analyze lead concentrations in bones (n = 84), livers (n = 15), primary feathers (n = 69), secondary feathers (n = 71)...
Comparison of fish assemblages in two disjoined segments of an oxbow lake in relation to connectivity
Daniel J. Dembkowski, Leandro E. Miranda
2011, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (140) 1060-1069
Disconnection between adjacent habitat patches is one of the most notable factors contributing to the decreased biotic integrity of global ecosystems. Connectivity is especially threatened in river–floodplain ecosystems in which channel modifications have disrupted the lateral links between the main river channel and floodplain lakes. In this study, we examined...
Assessing hypotheses about nesting site occupancy dynamics
Florent Bled, J. Andrew Royle, Emmanuelle Cam
2011, Ecology (92) 938-951
Hypotheses about habitat selection developed in the evolutionary ecology framework assume that individuals, under some conditions, select breeding habitat based on expected fitness in different habitat. The relationship between habitat quality and fitness may be reflected by breeding success of individuals, which may in turn be used to assess habitat...
Assessing the feasibility of native fish reintroductions: A framework applied to threatened bull trout
Jason B. Dunham, Kirsten Gallo, Dan Shively, Chris Allen, Brad Goehring
2011, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (31) 106-115
Translocations to recover native fishes have resulted in mixed success. One reason for the failure of these actions is inadequate assessments of their feasibility prior to implementation. Here, we provide a framework developed to assess the feasibility of one type of translocation—reintroduction. The framework was founded on two simple components...
Antigenic profiling of Yersinia pestis infection in the Wyoming coyote (Canis latrans)
G. Vernati, W.H. Edwards, Tonie E. Rocke, S.F. Little, G.P. Andrews
2011, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (47) 21-29
Although Yersinia pestis is classified as a "high-virulence" pathogen, some host species are variably susceptible to disease. Coyotes (Canis latrans) exhibit mild, if any, symptoms during infection, but antibody production occurs postinfection. This immune response has been reported to be against the F1 capsule, although little subsequent characterization has been...
Anthropocene streams and base-level controls from historic dams in the unglaciated mid-Atlantic region, USA
Dorothy Merritts, Robert Walter, Michael Rahnis, Jeff Hartranft, Scott Cox, Allen Gellis, Noel Potter, William Hilgartner, Michael J. Langland, Lauren Manion, Caitlin Lippincott, Sauleh Siddiqui, Zain Rehman, Chris Scheid, Laura Kratz, Andrea Shilling, Matthew Jenschke, Katherine Datin, Elizabeth Cranmer, Austin Reed, Derek Matuszewski, Mark Voli, Erik Ohlson, Ali Neugebauer, Aakash Ahamed, Conor Neal, Allison Winter, Steven Becker
2011, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences (369) 976-1009
Recently, widespread valley-bottom damming for water power was identified as a primary control on valley sedimentation in the mid-Atlantic US during the late seventeenth to early twentieth century. The timing of damming coincided with that of accelerated upland erosion during post-European settlement land-use change. In this paper, we examine the...
Diel biogeochemical processes and their effect on the aqueous chemistry of streams: A review
David A. Nimick, Christopher H. Gammons, Stephen R. Parker
2011, Chemical Geology (283) 3-17
This review summarizes biogeochemical processes that operate on diel, or 24-h, time scales in streams and the changes in aqueous chemistry that are associated with these processes. Some biogeochemical processes, such as those producing diel cycles of dissolved O2 and pH, were the first to be studied, whereas processes producing...
