Spatial variation in keystone effects: Small mammal diversity associated with black-tailed prairie dog colonies
J.F. Cully, S.K. Collinge, R. E. Van Nimwegen, C. Ray, W.C. Johnson, Bala Thiagarajan, D.B. Conlin, B.E. Holmes
2010, Ecography (33) 667-677
Species with extensive geographic ranges may interact with different species assemblages at distant locations, with the result that the nature of the interactions may vary spatially. Black-tailed prairie dogs Cynomys ludovicianus occur from Canada to Mexico in grasslands of the western Great Plains of North America. Black-tailed prairie dogs alter...
Sexing California gulls using morphometrics and discriminant function analysis
Garth Herring, Joshua T. Ackerman, Collin A. Eagles-Smith, John Y. Takekawa
2010, Waterbirds (33) 79-85
A discriminant function analysis (DFA) model was developed with DNA sex verification so that external morphology could be used to sex 203 adult California Gulls (Larus californicus) in San Francisco Bay (SFB). The best model was 97% accurate and included head-to-bill length, culmen depth at the gonys, and wing length....
Genesis of a regionally widespread celadonitic chert ironstone bed overlying upper Lias manganese deposits, Hungary
Marta Polgari, J.R. Hein, M. Toth, A. Brukner-Wein, T. Vigh, L. Biro, C. Cserhati
2010, Journal of the Geological Society (167) 313-328
Mineralogy and chemical composition are presented for a chert-ironstone bed that overlies the ??rk??t Mn deposit. This bed is mottled green-brown in its lower and upper parts, which are composed of quartz, goethite and celadonite. These parts of the bed are interpreted to be strongly altered tuffs, reflecting oxidic, low-temperature...
Incubation behavior of king eiders on the coastal plain of Northern Alaska
R.L. Bentzen, A.N. Powell, Laura M. Phillips, R.S. Suydam
2010, Polar Biology (33) 1075-1082
Incubating birds balance their energetic demands during incubation with the needs of the developing embryos. Incubation behavior is correlated with body size; larger birds can accumulate more endogenous reserves and maintain higher incubation constancy. King eiders (Somateria spectabilis) contend with variable and cold spring weather, little nesting cover, and low...
Liana habitat and host preferences in northern temperate forests
S. A. Leicht-Young, N.B. Pavlovic, K.J. Frohnapple, R. Grundel
2010, Forest Ecology and Management (260) 1467-1477
Lianas and other climbers are important ecological and structural components of forest communities. Like other plants, their abundance in a given habitat depends on a variety of factors, such as light, soil moisture and nutrients. However, since lianas require external support, host tree characteristics also influence their distribution. Lianas are...
A new look at photometry of the Moon
J.D. Goguen, T.C. Stone, H. H. Kieffer, B. J. Buratti
2010, Icarus (208) 548-557
We use ROLO photometry (Kieffer, H.H., Stone, T.C. [2005]. Astron. J. 129, 2887-2901) to characterize the before and after full Moon radiance variation for a typical highlands site and a typical mare site. Focusing on the phase angle range 45??. <. ??<. 50??, we test two different physical models, macroscopic...
Distribution of non-breeding great lakes piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) along Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coastlines: Ten years of band sightings
J. H. Stucker, F.J. Cuthbert, Brad Winn, B.L. Noel, S.B. Maddock, P.R. Leary, J. Cordes, L.C. Wemmer
2010, Waterbirds (33) 22-32
In 1993, a mark-recapture effort was initiated to band annually all Great Lakes Piping Plover nesting adults and offspring. With voluntary reporting by observers, >430 sightings of 154 individually-marked Great Lakes banded birds were documented on the wintering grounds during 19952005. This paper reports non-breeding distribution and site-fidelity and identifies...
A revised ground-motion and intensity interpolation scheme for shakemap
C.B. Worden, D.J. Wald, T.I. Allen, K. Lin, D. Garcia, G. Cua
2010, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (100) 3083-3096
We describe a weighted-average approach for incorporating various types of data (observed peak ground motions and intensities and estimates from groundmotion prediction equations) into the ShakeMap ground motion and intensity mapping framework. This approach represents a fundamental revision of our existing ShakeMap methodology. In addition, the increased availability of near-real-time...
Poroelastic stress-triggering of the 2005 M8.7 Nias earthquake by the 2004 M9.2 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake
K.L.H. Hughes, Timothy Masterlark, Walter D. Mooney
2010, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (293) 289-299
The M9.2 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake (SAE) occurred three months prior to the M8.7 Nias earthquake (NE). We propose that the NE was mechanically triggered by the SAE, and that poroelastic effects were a major component of this triggering. This study uses 3D finite element models (FEMs) of the Sumatra-Andaman subduction zone...
Analysis of solvent dyes in refined petroleum products by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Colleen E. Rostad
2010, Fuel (89) 997-1005
Solvent dyes are used to color refined petroleum products to enable differentiation between gasoline, diesel, and jet fuels. Analysis for these dyes in the hydrocarbon product is difficult due to their very low concentrations in such a complex matrix. Flow injection analysis/electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry in both negative and positive mode...
Sediment discharges during storm flow from proximal urban and rural karst springs, central Kentucky, USA
T.M. Reed, McFarland J. Todd, A.E. Fryar, A.W. Fogle, J.L. Taraba
2010, Journal of Hydrology (383) 280-290
Since the mid-1990s, various studies have addressed the timing of sediment transport to karst springs during storm flow or the composition and provenance of sediment discharged from springs. However, relatively few studies have focused on the flow thresholds at which sediment is mobilized or total sediment yields across various time...
Feather lead concentrations and 207Pb/206Pb ratios reveal lead exposure history of California Condors (Gymnogyps californianus)
M.E. Finkelstein, D. George, S. Scherbinski, R. Gwiazda, M. Johnson, J. Burnett, J. Brandt, S. Lawrey, Allan P. Pessier, M.R. Clark, Janna Wynne, J. Grantham, D. R. Smith
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 2639-2647
Lead poisoning is a primary factor impeding the survival and recovery of the critically endangered California Condor (Gymnogyps californianus). However, the frequency and magnitude of lead exposure in condors is not well-known in part because most blood lead monitoring occurs biannually, and biannual blood samples capture only ∼10% of a...
Establishing the Antarctic Dome C community reference standard site towards consistent measurements from Earth observation satellites
C. Cao, S. Uprety, J. Xiong, A. Wu, P. Jing, D. Smith, G. Chander, N. Fox, S. Ungar
2010, Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing (36) 498-513
Establishing satellite measurement consistency by using common desert sites has become increasingly more important not only for climate change detection but also for quantitative retrievals of geophysical variables in satellite applications. Using the Antarctic Dome C site (75°06′S, 123°21′E, elevation 3.2 km) for satellite radiometric calibration and validation (Cal/Val) is...
Lake temperature and ice cover regimes in the Alaskan Subarctic and Arctic: Integrated monitoring, remote sensing, and modeling
C.D. Arp, Benjamin M. Jones, Matthew Whitman, A. Larsen, F.E. Urban
2010, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (46) 777-791
Lake surface regimes are fundamental attributes of lake ecosystems and their interaction with the land and atmosphere. High latitudes may be particularly sensitive to climate change, however, adequate baselines for these lakes are often lacking. In this study, we couple monitoring, remote sensing, and modeling techniques to generate baseline datasets...
Tet and sul antibiotic resistance genes in livestock lagoons of various operation type, configuration, and antibiotic occurrence
C.W. McKinney, Keith A. Loftin, Michael T. Meyer, J.G. Davis, A. Pruden
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 6102-6109
Although livestock operations are known to harbor elevated levels of antibiotic resistant bacteria, few studies have examined the potential of livestock waste lagoons to reduce antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and examine the behavior of tetracycline [tet(O) and tet(W)] and sulfonamide...
Regional seismic stratigraphy and controls on the Quaternary evolution of the Cape Hatteras region of the Atlantic passive margin, USA
D. J. Mallinson, S.J. Culver, S.R. Riggs, E.R. Thieler, D. Foster, J. Wehmiller, K.M. Farrell, J. Pierson
2010, Marine Geology (268) 16-33
Seismic and core data, combined with amino acid racemization and strontium-isotope age data, enable the definition of the Quaternary stratigraphic framework and recognition of geologic controls on the development of the modern coastal system of North Carolina, U.S.A. Seven regionally continuous high amplitude reflections are defined which bound six seismic...
Pollutant fate and spatio-temporal variability in the choptank river estuary: Factors influencing water quality
D. Whitall, W.D. Hively, A.K. Leight, C.J. Hapeman, L.L. McConnell, T. Fisher, C.P. Rice, E. Codling, G.W. McCarty, A.M. Sadeghi, A. Gustafson, K. Bialek
2010, Science of the Total Environment (408) 2096-2108
Restoration of the Chesapeake Bay, the largest estuary in the United States, is a national priority. Documentation of progress of this restoration effort is needed. A study was conducted to examine water quality in the Choptank River estuary, a tributary of the Chesapeake Bay that since 1998 has been classified...
Inter-regional comparison of land-use effects on stream metabolism
M. J. Bernot, D. J. Sobota, R.O. Hall, P. J. Mulholland, W. K. Dodds, J.R. Webster, J. L. Tank, L. R. Ashkenas, L. W. Cooper, Clifford N. Dahm, S.V. Gregory, N. B. Grimm, S. K. Hamilton, S. L. Johnson, W. H. McDowell, J.L. Meyer, B. Peterson, G. C. Poole, Valett H.M. Maurice, C. Arango, J. J. Beaulieu, A. J. Burgin, C. Crenshaw, A. M. Helton, L. Johnson, J. Merriam, B.R. Niederlehner, J. M. O’Brien, J. D. Potter, R.W. Sheibley, S. M. Thomas, K. Wilson
2010, Freshwater Biology (55) 1874-1890
1. Rates of whole-system metabolism (production and respiration) are fundamental indicators of ecosystem structure and function. Although first-order, proximal controls are well understood, assessments of the interactions between proximal controls and distal controls, such as land use and geographic region, are lacking. Thus, the influence of land use on stream...
Predicting the probability and volume of postwildfire debris flows in the intermountain western United States
S.H. Cannon, J.E. Gartner, M.G. Rupert, J. A. Michael, A. H. Rea, C. Parrett
2010, Geological Society of America Bulletin (122) 127-144
Empirical models to estimate the probability of occurrence and volume of postwildfire debris flows can be quickly implemented in a geographic information system (GIS) to generate debris-flow hazard maps either before or immediately following wildfires. Models that can be used to calculate the probability of debris-flow production from individual drainage...
Biologic origin of iron nodules in a marine terrace chronosequence, Santa Cruz, California
M. S. Schulz, D. Vivit, C. Schulz, J. Fitzpatrick, A. White
2010, Soil Science Society of America Journal (74) 550-564
The distribution, chemistry, and morphology of Fe nodules were studied in a marine terrace soil chronosequence northwest of Santa Cruz, California. The Fe nodules are found at depths <1 m on all terraces. The nodules consisted of soil mineral grains cemented by Fe oxides. The nodules varied in size from...
Waterfowl ecology and avian influenza in california: Do host traits inform us about viral occurrence?
N.J. Hill, John Y. Takekawa, C.J. Cardona, Joshua T. Ackerman, A.K. Schultz, K.A. Spragens, W.M. Boyce
2010, Avian Diseases (54) 426-432
We examined whether host traits influenced the occurrence of avian influenza virus (AIV) in Anatidae (ducks, geese, swans) at wintering sites in California's Central Valley. In total, 3487 individuals were sampled at Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge and Conaway Ranch Duck Club during the hunting season of 2007-08. Of the 19...
Internal structure, fault rocks, and inferences regarding deformation, fluid flow, and mineralization in the seismogenic Stillwater normal fault, Dixie Valley, Nevada
Jonathan S. Caine, R.L. Bruhn, C.B. Forster
2010, Journal of Structural Geology (32) 1576-1589
Outcrop mapping and fault-rock characterization of the Stillwater normal fault zone in Dixie Valley, Nevada are used to document and interpret ancient hydrothermal fluid flow and its possible relationship to seismic deformation. The fault zone is composed of distinct structural and hydrogeological components. Previous work on the fault rocks is...
Inter-comparison of hydro-climatic regimes across northern catchments: Synchronicity, resistance and resilience
S.K. Carey, D. Tetzlaff, J. Seibert, C. Soulsby, J. Buttle, H. Laudon, J. McDonnell, K. McGuire, D. Caissie, J. Shanley, M. Kennedy, K. Devito, J.W. Pomeroy
2010, Hydrological Processes (24) 3591-3602
The higher mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere are particularly sensitive to climate change as small differences in temperature determine frozen ground status, precipitation phase, and the magnitude and timing of snow accumulation and melt. An international inter-catchment comparison program, North-Watch, seeks to improve our understanding of the sensitivity of northern...
Habitat suitability and conservation of the Giant Gartersnake (Thamnophis gigas) in the Sacramento Valley of California
B.J. Halstead, G.D. Wylie, Michael L. Casazza
2010, Copeia 591-599
Resource managers often have little information regarding the habitat requirements and distribution of rare species. Factor analysis-based habitat suitability models describe the ecological niche of a species and identify locations where these conditions occur on the landscape using existing occurrence data. We used factor analyses to assess the suitability of...
Avian foods, foraging and habitat conservation in world rice fields
J.D. Stafford, R.M. Kaminski, K. J. Reinecke
2010, Waterbirds (33) 133-150
Worldwide, rice (Oryza sativa) agriculture typically involves seasonal flooding and soil tillage, which provides a variety of microhabitats and potential food for birds. Water management in rice fields creates conditions ranging from saturated mud flats to shallow (<30 cm) water, thereby attracting different guilds of birds. Grain not collected during...
