On the irrigation requirements of cottonwood (Populus fremontii and Populus deltoides var. wislizenii) and willow (Salix gooddingii) grown in a desert environment
S. Hartwell, K. Morino, P.L. Nagler, E. P. Glenn
2010, Journal of Arid Environments (74) 667-674
Native tree plots have been established in river irrigation districts in the western U.S. to provide habitat for threatened and endangered birds. Information is needed on the effective irrigation requirements of the target species. Cottonwood (Populus spp.) and willow (Salix gooddingii) trees were grown for seven years in an outdoor...
Fuel deposition rates of montane and subalpine conifers in the central Sierra Nevada, California, USA
J. W. van Wagtendonk, P.E. Moore
2010, Forest Ecology and Management (259) 2122-2132
Fire managers and researchers need information on fuel deposition rates to estimate future changes in fuel bed characteristics, determine when forests transition to another fire behavior fuel model, estimate future changes in fuel bed characteristics, and parameterize and validate ecosystem process models. This information is lacking for many ecosystems including...
Mapping of road-salt-contaminated groundwater discharge and estimation of chloride load to a small stream in southern New Hampshire, USA
P. T. Harte, P.R. Trowbridge
2010, Hydrological Processes (24) 2349-2368
Concentrations of chloride in excess of State of New Hampshire water-quality standards (230 mg/l) have been measured in watersheds adjacent to an interstate highway (I-93) in southern New Hampshire. A proposed widening plan for I-93 has raised concerns over further increases in chloride. As part of this effort, road-salt-contaminated groundwater...
Determining the effects of dams on subdaily variation in river flows at a whole-basin scale
J. K. H. Zimmerman, B.H. Letcher, K.H. Nislow, K.A. Lutz, F.J. Magilligan
2010, River Research and Applications (26) 1246-1260
River regulation can alter the frequency and magnitude of subdaily flow variations causing major impacts on ecological structure and function. We developed an approach to quantify subdaily flow variation for multiple sites across a large watershed to assess the potential impacts of different dam operations (flood control, run-of-river hydropower and...
Embryo malposition as a potential mechanism for mercury-induced hatching failure in bird eggs
Garth Herring, Joshua T. Ackerman, Collin A. Eagles-Smith
2010, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (29) 1788-1794
We examined the prevalence of embryo malpositions and deformities in relation to total mercury (THg) and selenium (Se) concentrations in American avocet (Recurvirostra americana), black‐necked stilt (Himantopus mexicanus), and Forster's tern (Sterna forsteri) eggs in San Francisco Bay (CA, USA) during 2005 to 2007. Overall, 11% of embryos were malpositioned...
Sediment contamination of residential streams in the metropolitan Kansas City area, USA: Part II. whole-sediment toxicity to the amphipod hyalella azteca
J. Tao, Christopher G. Ingersoll, Nile E. Kemble, J.R. Dias, J.B. Murowchick, G. Welker, D. Huggins
2010, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (59) 370-381
This is the second part of a study that evaluates the influence of nonpoint sources on the sediment quality of five adjacent streams within the metropolitan Kansas City area, central United States. Physical, chemical, and toxicity data (Hyalella azteca 28-day whole-sediment toxicity test) for 29 samples collected in 2003 were...
Coastal loading and transport of Escherichia coli at an embayed beach in Lake Michigan
Z. Ge, M.B. Nevers, D.J. Schwab, R.L. Whitman
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 6731-6737
A Chicago beach in southwest Lake Michigan was revisited to determine the influence of nearshore hydrodynamic effects on the variability of Escherichia coli (E. coli) concentration in both knee-deep and offshore waters. Explanatory variables that could be used for identifying potential bacteria loading mechanisms, such as bed shear stress due...
Use of land surface remotely sensed satellite and airborne data for environmental exposure assessment in cancer research
S.K. Maxwell, J.R. Meliker, P. Goovaerts
2010, Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (20) 176-185
In recent years, geographic information systems (GIS) have increasingly been used for reconstructing individual-level exposures to environmental contaminants in epidemiological research. Remotely sensed data can be useful in creating space-time models of environmental measures. The primary advantage of using remotely sensed data is that it allows for study at the...
Summary of the Second International Planetary Dunes Workshop: Planetary Analogs - Integrating Models, Remote Sensing, and Field Data, Alamosa, Colorado, USA, May 18-21, 2010
L.K. Fenton, M.A. Bishop, M.C. Bourke, C.S. Bristow, R.K. Hayward, B.H. Horgan, N. Lancaster, T.I. Michaels, D. Tirsch, T.N. Titus, A. Valdez
2010, Conference Paper, Aeolian Research
The Second International Planetary Dunes Workshop took place in Alamosa, Colorado, USA from May 18-21, 2010. The workshop brought together researchers from diverse backgrounds to foster discussion and collaboration regarding terrestrial and extra-terrestrial dunes and dune systems. Two and a half days were spent on five oral sessions and one...
Long generation time delays the genetic response to habitat fragmentation in the threatened florida sand skink
E.D. McCoy, J.Q. Richmond, H.R. Mushinsky, E.J. Britt, J.S. Godley
2010, Conference Paper, Journal of Herpetology
A recent study showed that populations of the threatened Florida Sand Skink had limited loss of genetic diversity over the past 60 yr as a consequence of anthropogenic fragmentation. This study assumed that 60 yr represents 3037 generations for the Florida Sand Skink, but a new evaluation of markrecapture data...
Wound repair in Montipora capitata
Thierry M. Work, Greta S. Aeby
2010, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology (105) 116-119
We documented the microscopic morphology of tissue healing in Montipora capitata. Fragments from two healthy coral colonies were traumatized by scraping tissue and skeleton and monitored in flow-through seawater tables every 2-4. days for 40. days for gross and cellular changes. Grossly, corals appeared healed and repigmented by Day 40....
Persistence of canine distemper virus in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem's carnivore community
Emily S. Almberg, Paul C. Cross, D.W. Smith
2010, Ecological Applications (20) 2058-2074
Canine distemper virus (CDV) is an acute, highly immunizing pathogen that should require high densities and large populations of hosts for long-term persistence, yet CDV persists among terrestrial carnivores with small, patchily distributed groups. We used CDV in the Greater Yellowstone ecosystem's (GYE) wolves (Canis lupus) and coyotes (Canis latrans)...
Predicting potentially toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia blooms in the Chesapeake Bay
C.R. Anderson, M.R.P. Sapiano, M.B.K. Prasad, W. Long, P.J. Tango, C.W. Brown, R. Murtugudde
2010, Journal of Marine Systems (83) 127-140
Harmful algal blooms are now recognized as a significant threat to the Chesapeake Bay as they can severely compromise the economic viability of important recreational and commercial fisheries in the largest estuary of the United States. This study describes the development of empirical models for the potentially domoic acid-producing Pseudo-nitzschia...
Holocene variations in mineral and grain-size composition along the East Greenland glaciated margin (ca 67°–70°N): local versus long-distance sediment transport
John T. Andrews, Anne E. Jennings, George C. Coleman, Dennis D. Eberl
2010, Quaternary Science Reviews (29) 2619-2632
Quantitative X-Ray Diffraction (qXRD) analysis of the <2 mm sediment fraction from surface (sea floor) samples, and marine sediment cores that span the last 10-12 cal ka BP, are used to describe spatial and temporal variations in non-clay mineral compositions for an area between Kangerlussuaq Trough and Scoresby Sund (???67??-70??N),...
Who provided maize to Chaco Canyon after the mid-12th-century drought?
Larry V. Benson
2010, Journal of Archaeological Science (37) 621-629
Between A.D. 1181 and 1200, in the early part of a climatically wet period, corn was imported to Chaco Canyon from a region outside the Chaco Halo (defined in this paper as the region between the base of the Chuska Mountains and Raton Wells). Strontium-isotope (87Sr/86Sr) analyses of 12 corn...
Millennial-scale variability during the last glacial in vegetation records from North America
Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno, R. Scott Anderson, S. Desprat, L.D. Grigg, E.C. Grimm, L.E. Heusser, Brian F. Jacobs, C. Lopez-Martinez, C.L. Whitlock, Debra A. Willard
2010, Quaternary Science Reviews (29) 2865-2881
High-resolution pollen records from North America show that terrestrial environments were affected by Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) and Heinrich climate variability during the last glacial. In the western, more mountainous regions, these climate changes are generally observed in the pollen records as altitudinal movements of climate-sensitive plant species, whereas in the southeast,...
Use of multiple dispersal pathways facilitates amphibian persistence in stream networks
Grant E.H. Campbell, J.D. Nichols, W.H. Lowe, W.F. Fagan
2010, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (107) 6936-6940
Although populations of amphibians are declining worldwide, there is no evidence that salamanders occupying small streams are experiencing enigmatic declines, and populations of these species seem stable. Theory predicts that dispersal through multiple pathways can stabilize populations, preventing extinction in habitat networks. However, empirical data to support this prediction are...
Abundances and distribution of minerals and elements in high-alumina coal fly ash from the Jungar Power Plant, Inner Mongolia, China
S. Dai, L. Zhao, S. Peng, C. L. Chou, X. Wang, Y. Zhang, D. Li, Y. Sun
2010, International Journal of Coal Geology (81) 320-332
The fly ash from the Jungar Power Plant, Inner Mongolia, China, is unique because it is highly enriched in alumina (Al2O3>50%). The fly ash mainly consists of amorphous glass and mullite and trace amounts of corundum, quartz, char, calcite, K-feldspar, clay minerals, and Fe-bearing minerals. The mullite content in fly...
Comment on "near-surface location, geometry, and velocities of the santa monica fault zone, Los Angeles, California" by R. D. catchings, G. gandhok, M. R. goldman, D. okaya, M. J. rymer and G. W. bawden
T. L. Pratt, J.F. Dolan
2010, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (100) 2329-2337
[No abstract available]...
Patterns of ancestry and genetic diversity in reintroduced populations of the slimy sculpin: Implications for conservation
D.D. Huff, L.M. Miller, B. Vondracek
2010, Conservation Genetics (11) 2379-2391
Reintroductions are a common approach for preserving intraspecific biodiversity in fragmented landscapes. However, they may exacerbate the reduction in genetic diversity initially caused by population fragmentation because the effective population size of reintroduced populations is often smaller and reintroduced populations also tend to be more geographically isolated than native populations....
Rejoinder on: A general science-based framework for dynamical spatio-temporal models
C. K. Wikle, M.B. Hooten
2010, Test (19) 466-468
[No abstract available]...
High tsunami frequency as a result of combined strike-slip faulting and coastal landslides
M.J. Hornbach, N. Braudy, R.W. Briggs, M.-H. Cormier, M.B. Davis, J.B. Diebold, N. Dieudonne, R. Douilly, C. Frohlich, S.P.S. Gulick, H. E. Johnson III, P. Mann, C. McHugh, K. Ryan-Mishkin, C.S. Prentice, L. Seeber, C.C. Sorlien, M.S. Steckler, S.J. Symithe, F. W. Taylor, J. Templeton
2010, Nature Geoscience (3) 783-788
Earthquakes on strike-slip faults can produce devastating natural hazards. However, because they consist predominantly of lateral motion, these faults are rarely associated with significant uplift or tsunami generation. And although submarine slides can generate tsunami, only a few per cent of all tsunami are believed to be triggered in this...
Gene movement and genetic association with regional climate gradients in California valley oak (Quercus lobata Née) in the face of climate change
Victoria L. Sork, Frank W. Davis, Robert Westfall, Alan L. Flint, Makihiko Ikegami, Hongfang Wang, Delphine Grivet
2010, Molecular Ecology (19) 3806-3823
Rapid climate change jeopardizes tree populations by shifting current climate zones. To avoid extinction, tree populations must tolerate, adapt, or migrate. Here we investigate geographic patterns of genetic variation in valley oak, Quercus lobata Née, to assess how underlying genetic structure of populations might influence this species’ ability...
Tree-ring 14C links seismic swarm to CO2 spike at Yellowstone, USA
William C. Evans, D. Bergfeld, J. P. McGeehin, J.C. King, H. Heasler
2010, Geology (38) 1075-1078
Mechanisms to explain swarms of shallow seismicity and inflation-deflation cycles at Yellowstone caldera (western United States) commonly invoke episodic escape of magma-derived brines or gases from the ductile zone, but no correlative changes in the surface efflux of magmatic constituents have ever been documented. Our analysis of individual growth rings...
Using chloride and other ions to trace sewage and road salt in the Illinois Waterway
W.R. Kelly, S.V. Panno, Keith C. Hackley, H.-H. Hwang, A.T. Martinsek, M. Markus
2010, Applied Geochemistry (25) 661-673
Chloride concentrations in waterways of northern USA are increasing at alarming rates and road salt is commonly assumed to be the cause. However, there are additional sources of Cl- in metropolitan areas, such as treated wastewater (TWW) and water conditioning salts, which may be contributing to Cl- loads entering surface...
