Surface elevation change and susceptibility of different mangrove zones to sea-level rise on Pacific high islands of Micronesia
K. W. Krauss, Donald R. Cahoon, J. A. Allen, K. C. Ewel, J.C. Lynch, Nicole Cormier
2010, Ecosystems (13) 129-143
Mangroves on Pacific high islands offer a number of important ecosystem services to both natural ecological communities and human societies. High islands are subjected to constant erosion over geologic time, which establishes an important source of terrigeneous sediment for nearby marine communities. Many of these sediments are deposited in mangrove...
Geological mapping goes 3-D in response to societal needs
H. Thorleifson, R. C. Berg, H.A.J. Russell
2010, GSA Today (20) 27-29
The transition to 3-D mapping has been made possible by technological advances in digital cartography, GIS, data storage, analysis, and visualization. Despite various challenges, technological advancements facilitated a gradual transition from 2-D maps to 2.5-D draped maps to 3-D geological mapping, supported by digital spatial and relational databases that can...
Pathology and distribution of sea turtles landed as bycatch in the Hawaii-based North Pacific pelagic longline fishery
Thierry M. Work, George H. Balazs
2010, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (46) 422-432
We examined the gross and microscopic pathology and distribution of sea turtles that were landed as bycatch from the Hawaii, USA–based pelagic longline fishery and known to be forced submerged. Olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) composed the majority of animals examined, and hook-induced perforation of the esophagus was the most...
Establishing a Multi-scale Stream Gaging Network in the Whitewater River Basin, Kansas, USA
J.A. Clayton, J. W. Kean
2010, Water Resources Management (24) 3641-3664
Investigating the routing of streamflow through a large drainage basin requires the determination of discharge at numerous locations in the channel network. Establishing a dense network of stream gages using conventional methods is both cost-prohibitive and functionally impractical for many research projects. We employ herein a previously tested, fluid-mechanically based...
Comparison of aquifer characterization approaches through steady state groundwater model validation: A controlled laboratory sandbox study
W.A. Illman, J. Zhu, A.J. Craig, D. Yin
2010, Water Resources Research (46)
Groundwater modeling has become a vital component to water supply and contaminant transport investigations. An important component of groundwater modeling under steady state conditions is selecting a representative hydraulic conductivity (K) estimate or set of estimates which defines the K field of the studied region. Currently, there are a number...
Rapid polymerase chain reaction diagnosis of white-nose syndrome in bats
Jeffrey M. Lorch, A. Gargas, Carol U. Meteyer, B. M. Berlowski-Zier, D. E. Green, V. Shearn-Bochsler, N. J. Thomas, David S. Blehert
2010, Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation (22) 224-230
A newly developed polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method to rapidly and specifically detect Geomyces destructans on the wings of infected bats from small quantities (1–2 mg) of tissue is described in the current study (methods for culturing and isolating G. destructans from bat skin are also described). The lower limits of detection for PCR...
Relations between fish abundances, summer temperatures, and forest harvest in a northern Minnesota stream system from 1997 to 2007
Eric C. Merten, Nathaniel A. Hemstad, S.L. Eggert, L.B. Johnson, Randall K. Kolka, Raymond M. Newman, Bruce C. Vondracek
2010, Ecology of Freshwater Fish (19) 63-73
Short-term effects of forest harvest on fish habitat have been well documented, including sediment inputs, leaf litter reductions, and stream warming. However, few studies have considered changes in local climate when examining postlogging changes in fish communities. To address this need, we examined fish abundances between 1997 and 2007 in...
Numerical simulation of magmatic hydrothermal systems
S. E. Ingebritsen, S. Geiger, S. Hurwitz, T. Driesner
2010, Reviews of Geophysics (48)
The dynamic behavior of magmatic hydrothermal systems entails coupled and nonlinear multiphase flow, heat and solute transport, and deformation in highly heterogeneous media. Thus, quantitative analysis of these systems depends mainly on numerical solution of coupled partial differential equations and complementary equations of state (EOS). The past 2 decades have...
Piscicides and invertebrates: after 70 years, does anyone really know?
M.R. Vinson, E.C. Dinger, D.K. Vinson
2010, Fisheries (35) 61-71
The piscicides rotenone and antimycin have been used for more than 70 years to manage fish populations by eliminating undesirable fish species. The effects of piscicides on aquatic invertebrate assemblages are considered negligible by some and significant by others. This difference of opinion has created contentious situations and delayed native...
The High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) during MRO's Primary Science Phase (PSP)
Alfred S. McEwen, Maria E. Banks, Nicole Baugh, Kris J. Becker, Aaron Boyd, James W. Bergstrom, Ross A. Beyer, Edward Bortolini, Nathan T. Bridges, Shane Byrne, Bradford Castalia, Frank C. Chuang, Larry S. Crumpler, Ingrid J. Daubar, Alix K. Davatzes, Donald G. Deardorff, Alaina DeJong, W. Alan Delamere, Eldar Z. Noe Dobrea, Colin M. Dundas, Eric M. Eliason, Yisrael Espinoza, Audrie Fennema, Kathryn E. Fishbaugh, Terry Forrester, Paul E. Geissler, John A. Grant, Jennifer L. Griffes, John P. Grotzinger, Virginia C. Gulick, Candice J. Hansen, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, Rodney Heyd, Windy L. Jaeger, Dean Jones, Bob Kanefsky, Laszlo P. Keszthelyi, Robert King, Randolph L. Kirk, Kelly J. Kolb, Jeffrey Lasco, Alexandra Lefort, Richard Leis, Kevin W. Lewis, Sara Martinez-Alonso, Sarah Mattson, Guy K. McArthur, Michael T. Mellon, Joannah Metz, Moses P. Milazzo, Ralph E. Milliken, Tahirih Motazedian, Chris Okubo, Albert Ortiz, Andrea J. Philippoff, Joseph Plassmann, Anjani Polit, Patrick S. Russell, Christian Schaller, Mindi L. Searls, Timothy Spriggs, Steve W. Squyres, Steven Tarr, Nicolas Thomas, Bradley J. Thomson, Livio L. Tornabene, Charlie Van Houten, Circe Verba, Catherine M. Weitz, James J. Wray
2010, Icarus (205) 2-37
The High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) acquired 8 terapixels of data in 9137 images of Mars between October 2006 and December 2008, covering ∼0.55% of the surface. Images are typically 5–6 km wide with 3-color coverage over the central 20% of the swath, and their...
Summer spatial patterning of chukars in relation to free water in Western Utah
R.T. Larsen, J.A. Bissonette, J.T. Flinders, M.B. Hooten, T.L. Wilson
2010, Landscape Ecology (25) 135-145
Free water is considered important to wildlife in arid regions. In the western United States, thousands of water developments have been built to benefit wildlife in arid landscapes. Agencies and researchers have yet to clearly demonstrate their effectiveness. We combined a spatial analysis of summer chukar (Alectoris chukar) covey locations...
A multiscale and multidisciplinary investigation of ecosystem-atmosphere CO2 exchange over the rocky mountains of colorado
Jielun Sun, S.P. Oncley, Sean P. Burns, B.B. Stephens, D.H. Lenschow, T. Campos, Russell K. Monson, D. S. Schimel, W.J. Sacks, Stephan F. J. De Wekker, C.-T. Lai, B. Lamb, D. Ojima, P.Z. Ellsworth, L.S.L. Sternberg, S. Zhong, C. Clements, D.J.P. Moore, D.E. Anderson, A.S. Watt, Jiawen Hu, M. Tschudi, S. Aulenbach, E. Allwine, T. Coons
2010, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (91) 209-230
A field study combined with modeling investigation demonstrated that the organization of CO2 transport by mountain terrain strongly affects the regional CO2 budget. Atmospheric dynamics can lead to complicated flows generated by inhomogeneous landscapes, topography or synoptic weather systems. The field campaign conducted of a ground deployment, the Carbon in...
Traveling around Cape Horn: Otolith chemistry reveals a mixed stock of Patagonian hoki with separate Atlantic and Pacific spawning grounds
P.C. Schuchert, A.I. Arkhipkin, A.E. Koenig
2010, Fisheries Research (102) 80-86
Trace element fingerprints of edge and core regions in otoliths from 260 specimens of Patagonian hoki, Macruronus magellanicus L??nnberg, 1907, were analyzed by LA-ICPMS to reveal whether this species forms one or more population units (stocks) in the Southern Oceans. Fish were caught on their spawning grounds in Chile and...
New seismic hazard maps for Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands
Charles S. Mueller, Arthur D. Frankel, Mark D. Petersen, Edgar V. Leyendecker
2010, Earthquake Spectra (26) 169-185
The probabilistic methodology developed by the U.S. Geological Survey is applied to a new seismic hazard assessment for Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Modeled seismic sources include gridded historical seismicity, subduction-interface and strike-slip faults with known slip rates, and two broad zones of crustal extension with seismicity rates...
The ecological limits of hydrologic alteration (ELOHA): A new framework for developing regional environmental flow standards
N.L. Poff, B. D. Richter, A.H. Arthington, S.E. Bunn, R.J. Naiman, E. Kendy, M. Acreman, C. Apse, B.P. Bledsoe, Mary C. Freeman, J. Henriksen, R. B. Jacobson, J.G. Kennen, D.M. Merritt, J. H. O’Keeffe, J. D. Olden, K. Rogers, R.E. Tharme, A. Warner
2010, Freshwater Biology (55) 147-170
The flow regime is a primary determinant of the structure and function of aquatic and riparian ecosystems for streams and rivers. Hydrologic alteration has impaired riverine ecosystems on a global scale, and the pace and intensity of human development greatly exceeds the ability of scientists to assess the effects on...
Development of a molecular diagnostic system to discriminate Dreissena polymorpha (zebra mussel) and Dreissena bugensis (quagga mussel)
M.S. Hoy, K. Kelly, R. J. Rodriguez
2010, Molecular Ecology Resources (10) 190-192
A 3-primer PCR system was developed to discriminate invasive zebra (Dreissena polymorpha) and quagga (Dreissena bugensis) mussel. The system is based on: 1) universal primers that amplifies a region of the nuclear 28s rDNA gene from both species and 2) a species-specific primer complementary to either zebra or quagga mussel....
A strong conditional mutualism limits and enhances seed dispersal and germination of a tropical palm
R. Klinger, M. Rejmanek
2010, Oecologia (162) 951-963
Seed predation and seed dispersal can have strong effects on early life history stages of plants. These processes have often been studied as individual effects, but the degree to which their relative importance co-varies with seed predator abundance and how this influences seed germination rates is poorly understood. Therefore, we...
Kinetics of selenium release in mine waste from the Meade Peak Phosphatic Shale, Phosphoria Formation, Wooley Valley, Idaho, USA
Lisa L. Stillings, Michael C. Amacher
2010, Chemical Geology (269) 113-123
Phosphorite from the Meade Peak Phosphatic Shale member of the Permian Phosphoria Formation has been mined in southeastern Idaho since 1906. Dumps of waste rock from mining operations contain high concentrations of Se which readily leach into nearby streams and wetlands. While the most common mineralogical residence of Se...
Conceptual hierarchical modeling to describe wetland plant community organization
A.M. Little, G.R. Guntenspergen, T. F. H. Allen
2010, Wetlands (30) 55-65
Using multivariate analysis, we created a hierarchical modeling process that describes how differently-scaled environmental factors interact to affect wetland-scale plant community organization in a system of small, isolated wetlands on Mount Desert Island, Maine. We followed the procedure: 1) delineate wetland groups using cluster analysis, 2) identify differently scaled environmental...
Budget analysis of Escherichia coli at a southern Lake Michigan Beach
P. Thupaki, M.S. Phanikumar, D. Beletsky, D.J. Schwab, M.B. Nevers, R.L. Whitman
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 1010-1016
Escherichia coli (EC) concentrations at two beaches impacted by river plume dynamics in southern Lake Michigan were analyzed using three-dimensional hydrodynamic and transport models. The relative importance of various physical and biological processes influencing the fate and transport of EC were examined via budget analysis and a first-order sensitivity analysis...
Estimating black bear density using DNA data from hair snares
B. Gardner, J. Andrew Royle, M.T. Wegan, R.E. Rainbolt, Paul D. Curtis
2010, Journal of Wildlife Management (74) 318-325
DNA-based mark-recapture has become a methodological cornerstone of research focused on bear species. The objective of such studies is often to estimate population size; however, doing so is frequently complicated by movement of individual bears. Movement affects the probability of detection and the assumption of closure of the population required...
Vulnerability of deep groundwater in the Bengal Aquifer System to contamination by arsenic
W.G. Burgess, M.A. Hoque, H.A. Michael, C.I. Voss, G. N. Breit, K.M. Ahmed
2010, Nature Geoscience (3) 83-87
Shallow groundwater, the primary water source in the Bengal Basin, contains up to 100 times the World Health Organization (WHO) drinking-water guideline of 10g l 1 arsenic (As), threatening the health of 70 million people. Groundwater from a depth greater than 150m, which almost uniformly meets the WHO guideline, has...
Ecosystem effects of environmental flows: Modelling and experimental floods in a dryland river
P.B. Shafroth, A.C. Wilcox, D.A. Lytle, J.T. Hickey, D.C. Andersen, Vanessa B. Beauchamp, A. Hautzinger, L.E. McMullen, A. Warner
2010, Freshwater Biology (55) 68-85
Successful environmental flow prescriptions require an accurate understanding of the linkages among flow events, geomorphic processes and biotic responses. We describe models and results from experimental flow releases associated with an environmental flow program on the Bill Williams River (BWR), Arizona, in arid to semiarid western U.S.A. Two general approaches...
Do competitors modulate rare plant response to precipitation change?
J.M. Levine, Mceachern A. Kathryn, C. Cowan
2010, Ecology (91) 130-140
Ecologists increasingly suspect that climate change will directly impact species physiology, demography, and phenology, but also indirectly affect these measures via changes to the surrounding community. Unfortunately, few studies examine both the direct and indirect pathways of impact. Doing so is important because altered competitive pressures can reduce or magnify...
Federal land management, carbon sequestration, and climate change in the Southeastern U.S.: a case study with fort benning
S. Zhao, S. Liu, Z. Li, Terry L. Sohl
2010, Environmental Science & Technology (44) 992-997
Land use activities can have a major impact on the temporal trendsandspatialpatternsofregionalland-atmosphereexchange of carbon. Federal lands generally have substantially different land management strategies from surrounding areas, and the carbon consequences have rarely been quantified and assessed. Using the Fort Benning Installation as a case study, we used the General Ensemble...
