Reclaimed mineland curve number response to temporal distribution of rainfall
R.C. Warner, C.T. Agouridis, P.T. Vingralek, A.W. Fogle
2010, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (46) 724-732
The curve number (CN) method is a common technique to estimate runoff volume, and it is widely used in coal mining operations such as those in the Appalachian region of Kentucky. However, very little CN data are available for watersheds disturbed by surface mining and then reclaimed using traditional techniques....
Sapflow and water use of freshwater wetland trees exposed to saltwater incursion in a tidally influenced South Carolina watershed
K. W. Krauss, J.A. Duberstein
2010, Canadian Journal of Forest Research (40) 525-535
Sea-level rise and anthropogenic activity promote salinity incursion into many tidal freshwater forested wetlands. Interestingly, individual trees can persist for decades after salt impact. To understand why, we documented sapflow (Js), reduction in Js with sapwood depth, and water use (F) of baldcypress (Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich.) trees undergoing exposure...
Characterization of small microsatellite loci for use in non invasive sampling studies of Gunnison Sage-grouse (Centrocercus minimus)
Sara J. Oyler-McCance, Judy St. John
2010, Conservation Genetics Resources (2) 17-20
Primers for 10 microsatellite loci were developed specifically to amplify low quantity and quality DNA for Gunnison Sage-grouse (Centrocercus minimus), a species that has been petitioned for listing under the US Endangered Species Act. In a screen of 20 individuals from the largest population in the Gunnison Basin,...
Environmental tolerance of an invasive riparian tree and its potential for continued spread in the southwestern US
L.V. Reynolds, D.J. Cooper
2010, Journal of Vegetation Science (21) 733-743
Questions: Exotic plant invasion may be aided by facilitation and broad tolerance of environmental conditions, yet these processes are poorly understood in species-rich ecosystems such as riparian zones. In the southwestern United States (US) two plant species have invaded riparian zones: tamarisk (Tamarix ramosissima, T. chinensis, and their hybrids) and...
At-sea observations of marine birds and their habitats before and after the 2008 eruption of Kasatochi volcano, Alaska
G.S. Drew, Donald E. Dragoo, M. Renner, John F. Piatt
2010, Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research (42) 325-334
Kasatochi volcano, an island volcano in the Aleutian chain, erupted on 7-8 August 2008. The resulting ash and pyroclastic flows blanketed the island, covering terrestrial habitats. We surveyed the marine environment surrounding Kasatochi Island in June and July of 2009 to document changes in abundance or distribution of nutrients, fish,...
Head scarp boundary for the landslides in the Little North Santiam River Basin, Oregon
Steven Sobieszczyk
2010, Report
Polygons represent head scarps and flank scarps associated with landslide deposits in the Little North Santiam River Basin, Oregon. This work was completed as part of the Master's thesis "Turbidity Monitoring and LiDAR Imagery Indicate Landslides are Primary Source of Suspended-Sediment Load in the Little North Santiam River Basin, Oregon,...
Structural analysis of three extensional detachment faults with data from the 2000 Space-Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
J.E. Spencer
2010, GSA Today (20) 4-10
The Space-Shuttle Radar Topography Mission provided geologists with a detailed digital elevation model of most of Earth's land surface. This new database is used here for structural analysis of grooved surfaces interpreted to be the exhumed footwalls of three active or recently active extensional detachment faults. Exhumed fault footwalls, each...
Global estimates of evapotranspiration and gross primary production based on MODIS and global meteorology data
W. Yuan, S. Liu, G. Yu, J.-M. Bonnefond, J. Chen, K. Davis, A.R. Desai, Allen H. Goldstein, D. Gianelle, F. Rossi, A.E. Suyker, S.B. Verma
2010, Remote Sensing of Environment (114) 1416-1431
The simulation of gross primary production (GPP) at various spatial and temporal scales remains a major challenge for quantifying the global carbon cycle. We developed a light use efficiency model, called EC-LUE, driven by only four variables: normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), air temperature, and...
Biologic origin of iron nodules in a marine terrace chronosequence, Santa Cruz, California
M. S. Schulz, D. Vivit, C. Schulz, J. Fitzpatrick, A. White
2010, Soil Science Society of America Journal (74) 550-564
The distribution, chemistry, and morphology of Fe nodules were studied in a marine terrace soil chronosequence northwest of Santa Cruz, California. The Fe nodules are found at depths <1 m on all terraces. The nodules consisted of soil mineral grains cemented by Fe oxides. The nodules varied in size from...
Response of aquatic macrophytes to human land use perturbations in the watersheds of Wisconsin lakes, U.S.A.
Laura L. Sass, Michael A. Bozek, Jennifer A. Hauxwell, Kelly Wagner, Susan Knight
2010, Aquatic Botany (93) 1-8
Aquatic macrophyte communities were assessed in 53 lakes in Wisconsin, U.S.A. along environmental and land use development gradients to determine effects human land use perturbations have on aquatic macrophytes at the watershed and riparian development scales. Species richness and relative frequency were surveyed in lakes from two ecoregions: the Northern...
Estimating soil turnover rate from tree uprooting during hurricanes in Puerto Rico
M.T. Lenart, D.A. Falk, F.N. Scatena, W. R. Osterkamp
2010, Forest Ecology and Management (259) 1076-1084
Soil turnover by tree uprooting in primary and secondary forests on the island of Puerto Rico was measured in 42 study plots in the months immediately after the passage of a Category 3 hurricane. Trunk basal area explained 61% of the variability of mound volume and 53% of the variability...
Paleobiogeography, high-resolution stratigraphy, and the future of Paleozoic biostratigraphy: Fine-scale diachroneity of the Wenlock (Silurian) conodont Kockelella walliseri
Bradley D. Cramer, Mark A. Kleffner, Carlton E. Brett, P.I. McLaughlin, Lennart Jeppsson, Axel Munnecke, Christian Samtleben
2010, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (294) 232-241
The Wenlock Epoch of the Silurian Period has become one of the chronostratigraphically best-constrained intervals of the Paleozoic. The integration of multiple chronostratigraphic tools, such as conodont and graptolite biostratigraphy, sequence stratigraphy, and ??13Ccarb chemostratigraphy, has greatly improved global chronostratigraphic correlation and portions of the Wenlock can now be correlated...
August 2008 eruption of Kasatochi volcano, Aleutian Islands, Alaska-resetting an Island Landscape
William E. Scott, Christopher J. Nye, Christopher F. Waythomas, Christina A. Neal
2010, Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research (42) 250-259
Kasatochi Island, the subaerial portion of a small volcano in the western Aleutian volcanic arc, erupted on 7-8 August 2008. Pyroclastic flows and surges swept the island repeatedly and buried most of it and the near-shore zone in decimeters to tens of meters of deposits. Several key seabird rookeries in...
Rapid evolution in lekking grouse: Implications for taxonomic definitions
Sara J. Oyler-McCance, Judy St. John, Thomas W. Quinn
2010, Ornithological Monographs (67) 114-122
Species and subspecies delineations were traditionally defined by morphological and behavioral traits, as well as by plumage characteristics. Molecular genetic data have more recently been used to assess these classifications and, in many cases, to redefine them. The recent practice of utilizing molecular genetic data to examine taxonomic questions has...
Hematology of southern Beaufort Sea polar bears (2005-2007): Biomarker for an arctic ecosystem health sentinel
Cassandra M. Kirk, Steven C. Amstrup, Rhonda Swor, Darce Holcomb, T. M. O'Hara
2010, EcoHealth (7) 307-320
Declines in sea-ice habitats have resulted in declining stature, productivity, and survival of polar bears in some regions. With continuing sea-ice declines, negative population effects are projected to expand throughout the polar bear's range. Precise causes of diminished polar bear life history performance are unknown, however, climate and sea-ice condition...
Spatial trends in tidal flat shape and associated environmental parameters in South San Francisco Bay
J.A. Bearman, Carl T. Friedrichs, B. E. Jaffe, A.C. Foxgrover
2010, Journal of Coastal Research (26) 342-349
Spatial trends in the shape of profiles of South San Francisco Bay (SSFB) tidal flats are examined using bathymetric and lidar data collected in 2004 and 2005. Eigenfunction analysis reveals a dominant mode of morphologic variability related to the degree of convexity or concavity in the cross-shore profileindicative of (i)...
Rayleigh-wave phase-velocity maps and three-dimensional shear velocity structure of the western US from local non-plane surface wave tomography
F. F. Pollitz, J. Arthur Snoke
2010, Geophysical Journal International (180) 1153-1169
We utilize two-and-three-quarter years of vertical-component recordings made by the Transportable Array (TA) component of Earthscope to constrain three-dimensional (3-D) seismic shear wave velocity structure in the upper 200 km of the western United States. Single-taper spectral estimation is used to compile measurements of complex spectral amplitudes from 44 317...
Detrital zircon evidence for progressive underthrusting in Franciscan metagraywackes, west-central California
C.A. Snow, J. Wakabayashi, W. G. Ernst, J. L. Wooden
2010, Geological Society of America Bulletin (122) 282-291
We present new U/Pb ages for detrital zircons separated from six quartzose metagraywackes collected from different Franciscan Complex imbricate nappes around San Francisco Bay. All six rocks contain a broad spread of Late Jurassic-Cretaceous grains originating from the Klamath-Sierra Nevada volcanic-plutonic arc. Units young structurally downward, consistent with models of...
Assessment of multiple sources of anthropogenic and natural chemical inputs to a morphologically complex basin, Lake Mead, USA
Michael R. Rosen, P. C. Van Metre
2010, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (294) 30-43
Lakes with complex morphologies and with different geologic and land-use characteristics in their sub-watersheds could have large differences in natural and anthropogenic chemical inputs to sub-basins in the lake. Lake Mead in southern Nevada and northern Arizona, USA, is one such lake. To assess variations in chemical histories from 1935...
Enhanced reproduction in mallards fed a low level of methylmercury: An apparent case of hormesis
Gary H. Heinz, D. J. Hoffman, Jon D. Klimstra, Katherine R. Stebbins
2010, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (29) 650-653
Breeding pairs of mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) were fed a control diet or a diet containing 0.5 µg/g mercury (Hg) in the form of methylmercury chloride. There were no effects of Hg on adult weights and no overt signs of Hg poisoning in adults. The Hg‐containing diet had no effect on...
Redwoods, restoration, and implications for carbon budgets
Mary Ann Madej
2010, Geomorphology (116) 264-273
The coast redwoods (Sequoia sempervirens) of California have several unique characteristics that influence interactions between vegetation and geomorphic processes. Case studies, using a combination of in-channel wood surveys and an air photo inventory of landslides, illustrate current conditions in a redwood-dominated watershed undergoing restoration work, and the influence of wood...
Incubation behavior of king eiders on the coastal plain of Northern Alaska
R.L. Bentzen, A.N. Powell, Laura M. Phillips, R.S. Suydam
2010, Polar Biology (33) 1075-1082
Incubating birds balance their energetic demands during incubation with the needs of the developing embryos. Incubation behavior is correlated with body size; larger birds can accumulate more endogenous reserves and maintain higher incubation constancy. King eiders (Somateria spectabilis) contend with variable and cold spring weather, little nesting cover, and low...
SHRIMP U-Pb dating of recurrent Cryogenian and Late Cambrian-Early Ordovician alkalic magmatism in central Idaho: Implications for Rodinian rift tectonics
K. Lund, J. N. Aleinikoff, K. V. Evans, E. A. duBray, E.H. deWitt, D.M. Unruh
2010, Geological Society of America Bulletin (122) 430-453
Composite alkalic plutonic suites and tuffaceous diamictite, although discontinuously exposed across central Idaho in roof pendants and inliers within the Idaho batholith and Challis volcanic-plutonic complex, define the >200-km-long northwest-aligned Big Creek-Beaverhead belt. Sensitive highresolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) U-Pb zircon dates on these igneous rocks provide direct evidence for the...
Post-collisional magmatism in the central East African Orogen: The Maevarano Suite of north Madagascar
K. M. Goodenough, Ronald J. Thomas, B. De Waele, R. M. Key, D. I. Schofield, W. Bauer, R. D. Tucker, J. M. Rafahatelo, M. Rabarimanana, A.V. Ralison, T. Randriamananjara
2010, LITHOS (116) 18-34
Late tectonic, post-collisional granite suites are a feature of many parts of the Late Neoproterozoic to Cambrian East African Orogen (EAO), where they are generally attributed to late extensional collapse of the orogen, accompanied by high heat flow and asthenospheric uprise. The Maevarano Suite comprises voluminous plutons which were emplaced...
Marine effect of introduced salmonids: Prey consumption by exotic steelhead and anadromous brown trout in the Patagonian Continental Shelf
J. Ciancio, D.A. Beauchamp, M. Pascual
2010, Limnology and Oceanography (55) 2181-2192
On the basis of stable isotope analysis, we estimated the marine diet of the most abundant anadromous salmonid species in Patagonian Atlantic basins. The results were coupled with bioenergetic and population models to estimate the consumption of food by salmonids and was compared with that by seabirds, the most abundant...
