Recovery of tall cotton-grass following real and simulated feeding by snow geese
Jerry W. Hupp, Donna G. Robertson, Joel A. Schmutz
2000, Ecography (23) 367-373
Lesser snow geese Anser caerulescens caeruteseens from the western Canadian Arctic feed on underground parts of tall cotton–grass Eriophorum angustifolium during autumn staging on the coastal plain of the Beaufort Sea in Canada and Alaska. We studied revegetation of sites where cotton–grass had been removed either by human–imprinted snow geese or by hand to...
Molecular analysis of population genetic structure and recolonization of rainbow trout following the Cantara spill
J.L. Nielsen, Erika L. Heine, Christina A. Gan, Monique C. Fountain
2000, California Fish and Game (86) 21-40
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence and allelic frequency data for 12 microsatellite loci were used to analyze population genetic structure and recolonization by rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, following the 1991 Cantara spill on the upper Sacramento River, California. Genetic analyses were performed on 1,016 wild rainbow trout collected between...
Effects of neck collars and radiotransmitters on survival and reproduction of emperor geese
Joel A. Schmutz, Julie A. Morse
2000, Journal of Wildlife Management (64) 231-237
Neck collars have been used widely for studies of goose population biology. Despite concerns about their negative impacts, few studies have employed designs capable of clearly demonstrating these effects. During a 1993-98 study of emperor geese (Chen canagica), we contrasted survival and reproduction of geese marked with tarsal bands to...
Changes in sea urchins and kelp following a reduction in sea otter density as a result of the Exxon Valdez oil spill
Thomas A. Dean, James L. Bodkin, Stephen C. Jewett, Daniel H. Monson, D. Jung
2000, Marine Ecology Progress Series (199) 281-291
Interactions between sea otters Enhydra lutris, sea urchins Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis, and kelp were investigated following the reduction in sea otter density in Prince William Sound, Alaska, after the Exxon Valdez oil spill in 1989. At northern Knight Island, a heavily oiled portion of the sound, sea otter abundance was reduced...
Accuracy and precision of estimating age of gray wolves by tooth wear
P. S. Gipson, W.B. Ballard, R. M. Nowak, L.D. Mech
2000, Journal of Wildlife Management (64) 752-758
We evaluated the accuracy and precision of tooth wear for aging gray wolves (Canis lupus) from Alaska, Minnesota, and Ontario based on 47 known-age or known-minimum-age skulls. Estimates of age using tooth wear and a commercial cementum annuli-aging service were useful for wolves up to 14 years old. The precision...
Orphan caribou, Rangifer tarandus, calves: A re-evaluation of overwinter survival data
Kyle Joly
2000, Canadian Field-Naturalist (114) 322-323
Low sample size and high variation within populations reduce power of statistical tests. These aspects of statistical power appear to have affected an analysis comparing overwinter survival rates of non-orphan and orphan Caribou (Rangifer tarandus) calves by an earlier study for the Porcupine Caribou Herd. A re-evaluation of the data...
Colonization and development of stream communities across a 200-year gradient in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska
Alexander M. Milner, E. Eric Knudsen, Chad Soiseth, Anne L. Robertson, Don Schell, Ian T. Phillips, Katrina Magnusson
2000, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (57) 2319-2335
In May 1997, physical and biological variables were studied in 16 streams of different ages and contrasting stages of development following glacial recession in Glacier Bay National Park, southeast Alaska. The number of microcrustacean and macroinvertebrate taxa and juvenile fish abundance and diversity were significantly greater in older streams. Microcrustacean...
Pollen-based biomes for Beringia 18,000, 6000 and 0 14C yr BP
M. E. Edwards, P. M. Anderson, L.B. Brubaker, T. A. Ager, A.A. Andreev, N.H. Bigelow, L.C. Cwynar, Wendy R. Eisner, S. P. Harrison, F.-S. Hu, D. Jolly, A.V. Lozhkin, G. M. MacDonald, Cary J. Mock, J.C. Ritchie, A.V. Sher, R.W. Spear, J.W. Williams, G. Yu
2000, Journal of Biogeography (27) 521-554
The objective biomization method developed by Prentice et al. (1996) for Europe was extended using modern pollen samples from Beringia and then applied to fossil pollen data to reconstruct palaeovegetation patterns at 6000 and 18,000 14C yr BP. The predicted modern distribution of tundra, taiga and cool conifer forests in...
Polar bear
Steven C. Amstrup
J.J. Truett, S.R. Johnson, editor(s)
2000, Book chapter, The natural history of an arctic oil field: Development and the biota
No abstract available....
Alagnak watershed rainbow trout seasonal movement
Julie M. Meka, E. Eric Knudsen, David C. Douglas
John H. Eiler, Doris J. Alcorn, Michael R. Neuman, editor(s)
2000, Conference Paper, Biotelemetry 15: Proceedings of the 15th international symposium on biotelemetry
Adult rainbow trout were radio-tagged in two locations in the Alagnak River drainage in 1997 and 1998 and radio-tracked until March 1999. The telemetry data indicate the two different sample groups exhibited independent movements with little geographic overlap. However, some tagged fish from each sample group migrated downstream to the...
Proceedings of a workshop concerning walrus survey methods
Joel L. Garlich-Miller, Chadwick V. Jay
2000, Fish and Wildlife Technical Report MMM 00-2
In March 2000, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Geological Survey hosted a workshop to evaluate various techniques and approaches to estimate the size and trend of the Pacific walrus population. Workshop participants included American and Russian experts in walrus biology and survey design, subsistence hunters, and resource...
Densities of Barrow's goldeneyes during winter in Prince William Sound, Alaska in relation to habitat, food, and history of oil contamination
Daniel Esler, Timothy D. Bowman, Charles E. O’Clair, Thomas A. Dean, Lyman L. McDonald
2000, Waterbirds (23) 423-429
We evaluated variation in densities of Barrow's Goldeneyes (Bucephala islandica) during winter at 214 sites within oiled and unoiled study areas in Prince William Sound, Alaska in relation to physical habitat attributes, prey biomass, and history of habitat contamination by the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill. Using general linear model...
Studies of volcanoes of Alaska by satellite radar interferometry
Z. Lu, C. Wicks Jr., D. Dzurisin, W. Thatcher, J. Power
Sawaya-Lacoste H., editor(s)
2000, Conference Paper
Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) has provided a new imaging geodesy technique to measure the deformation of volcanoes at tens-of-meter horizontal resolution with centimeter to subcentimeter vertical precision. The two-dimensional surface deformation data enables the construction of detailed numerical models allowing the study of magmatic and tectonic processes beneath volcanoes....
Foods, trophic relationships, and migration of Sooty and Short-tailed Shearwaters associated with squid and large-mesh driftnet fisheries in the North Pacific Ocean
Patrick J. Gould, Peggy H. Ostrom, William Walker
2000, Waterbirds (23) 165-186
We salvaged dead birds from high seas driftnets in the Central North Pacific Ocean during a study of the impact of high seas driftnet fishing on marine ecosystems. Digestive tract contents and stable isotopes of nitrogen and carbon in breast muscles of these birds were analyzed to assess the effect...
Cytochrome P450 1A induction in sea ducks inhabiting nearshore areas of Prince William Sound, Alaska
Kimberly A. Trust, Daniel Esler, Bruce R. Woodin, John J. Stegeman
2000, Marine Pollution Bulletin (40) 397-403
Following the Exxon-Valdez oil spill, hepatic rates of EROD activity and thus, P450 1A expression, were significantly higher in harlequin ducks (Histrionicus histrionicus) and Barrow’s goldeneyes (Bucephala islandica) from oiled areas of Prince William Sound, Alaska when compared to birds from unoiled sites. Polychlorinated biphenyl exposure did not account for...
Temporal variation in phenotypic and genotypic traits in two sockeye salmon populations, Tustumena Lake, Alaska
Carol Ann Woody, Jeffrey B. Olsen, Joel H. Reynolds, Paul Bentzen
2000, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (129) 1031-1043
Sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka in two tributary streams (about 20 km apart) of the same lake were compared for temporal variation in phenotypic (length, depth adjusted for length) and genotypic (six microsatellite loci) traits. Peak run time (July 16 versus 11 August) and run duration (43 versus 26 d) differed...
Late summer survival of adult female and juvenile spectacled eiders on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska
Paul L. Flint, J. Barry, J.A. Morse, T.F. Fondell
2000, Waterbirds (23) 292-297
We used radio-telemetry to examine survival of adult female and juvenile Spectacled Eiders (Somateria fischeri) from 30 days after hatch until departure from the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (YKD) during 1997-1999. Juvenile survival was 71.4%; adult female survival was 88.5%. Mink (Mustella vison) were the most common predator identified for both adults...
Comparison of pigeon guillemot, Cepphus columba, blood parameters from oiled and unoiled areas of Alaska eight years after the Exxon Valdez oil spill
P.E. Seiser, L.K. Duffy, David A. McGuire, D.D. Roby, Gregory H. Golet, Michael A. Litzow
2000, Marine Pollution Bulletin (40) 152-164
In 1997, we compared the haematological and plasma biochemical profiles among populations of pigeon guillemots, Cepphus columba, in areas oiled and not oiled by the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill (EVOS) that occurred in Prince William Sound (PWS), Alaska. Pigeon guillemot populations in PWS were injured by EVOS and have...
Distribution, speciation, and transport of mercury in stream-sediment, stream-water, and fish collected near abandoned mercury mines in southwestern Alaska, USA
J. E. Gray, P. M. Theodorakos, E. A. Bailey, R.R. Turner
2000, Science of the Total Environment (260) 21-33
Concentrations of total Hg, Hg (II), and methylmercury were measured in stream-sediment, stream-water, and fish collected downstream from abandoned mercury mines in south-western Alaska to evaluate environmental effects to surrounding ecosystems. These mines are found in a broad belt covering several tens of thousands of square kilometers, primarily in the...
An evaluation of the Wyoming Gauge System for snowfall measurement
Daqing Yang, Douglas L. Kane, Larry D. Hinzman, Barry E. Goodison, John R. Metcalfe, Paul Y.T. Louie, George H. Leavesley, Douglas G. Emerson, Clayton L. Hanson
2000, Water Resources Research (36) 2665-2677
The Wyoming snow fence (shield) has been widely used with precipitation gauges for snowfall measurement at more than 25 locations in Alaska since the late 1970s. This gauge's measurements have been taken as the reference for correcting wind‐induced gauge undercatch of snowfall in Alaska. Recently, this fence (shield) was tested...
Nearshore fish distributions in an Alaskan estuary in relation to stratification, temperature, and salinity
Alisa A. Abookire, John F. Piatt, Martin D. Robards
2000, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (51) 45-59
Fish were sampled with beach seines and small-meshed beam trawls in nearshore ( < 1 km) and shallow ( < 25 m) habitats on the southern coast of Kachemak Bay, Cook Inlet, Alaska, from June to August, 1996-1998. Fish distributions among habitats were analysed for species composition, catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) and...
Infectious bursal disease virus antibodies in eider ducks and Herring Gulls
T. Hollmen, J. Christian Franson, Douglas E. Docherty, Mikaei Kilpi, Martti Hario, Lynn H. Creekmore, Margaret R. Petersen
2000, Condor (102) 688-691
We measured antibodies to infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) in blood of nesting Common Eider (Somateria mollissima) females and immature Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus) in the Baltic Sea, and in blood of Spectacled Eider (Somateria fischeri) females nesting in a remote area of western Alaska. Positive (≥ 1:16) IBDV titers...
Role of lake regulation on glacier fed rivers in enhancing salmon productivity: The Cook Inlet watershed south central Alaska, USA
C.R. Hupp
2000, Hydrological Processes (14) 3149-3159
Rivers fed by glaciers constitute a major part of the freshwater runoff into the Cook Inlet basin of south-central Alaska. This basin is very important to the economy of the State of Alaska because it is home to more than half of the population and it supports multi-million dollar commercial,...
A genetic evaluation of morphology used to identify harvested Canada geese
John M. Pearce, Barbara J. Pierson, Sandra L. Talbot, Dirk V. Derksen, Donald K. Kraege, Kim T. Scribner
2000, Journal of Wildlife Management (64) 863-875
Using maximum likelihood estimators (in genetic stock identification), we used genetic markers to evaluate the utility of 2 morphological measures (culmen length and plumage color) to correctly identify groups of hunter-harvested dusky (Branta canadensis occidentalis) and dusky-like Canada geese on the wintering grounds within the Pacific Flyway. Significant levels of...
Monitoring temporal and spatial variability in sandeel (Ammodytes hexapterus) abundance with pigeon guillemot (Cepphus columba) diets
Michael A. Litzow, John F. Piatt, Alisa A. Abookire, A.K. Prichard, Martin D. Robards
2000, ICES Journal of Marine Science (57) 976-986
We evaluated pigeon guillemots (Cepphus columba) as monitors of nearshore fish abundance and community composition during 1995-1999 at Kachemak Bay, Alaska. We studied the composition of chick diets at 10 colonies and simultaneously measured fish abundance around colonies with beach seines and bottom trawls. Sandeels (Ammodytes hexapterus) formed the majority...
