Developmental toxicity in white leghorn chickens following in ovo exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS)
M. M. Peden-Adams, Joyce E. Stuckey, K.M. Gaworecki, J. Berger-Ritchie, K. Bryant, P.G. Jodice, T.R. Scott, J.B. Ferrario, B. Guan, C. Vigo, J.S. Boone, W.D. McGuinn, J.C. DeWitt, D.E. Keil
2009, Reproductive Toxicology (27) 307-318
Studies show that perfluorinated compounds cause various toxicological effects; nevertheless, effects on immune function and developmental endpoints have not been addressed at length. This study examined the effects of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in white leghorn hatchlings on various developmental, immunological, and clinical health parameters. In addition, serum PFOS concentrations were...
Inducing in situ, nonlinear soil response applying an active source
P.A. Johnson, P. Bodin, J. Gomberg, F. Pearce, Z. Lawrence, F.-Y. Menq
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (114)
[1] It is well known that soil sites have a profound effect on ground motion during large earthquakes. The complex structure of soil deposits and the highly nonlinear constitutive behavior of soils largely control nonlinear site response at soil sites. Measurements of nonlinear soil response under natural conditions are critical...
Sources of uncertainty in flood inundation maps
J. D. Bales, C. R. Wagner
2009, Journal of Flood Risk Management (2) 139-147
Flood inundation maps typically have been used to depict inundated areas for floods having specific exceedance levels. The uncertainty associated with the inundation boundaries is seldom quantified, in part, because all of the sources of uncertainty are not recognized and because data available to quantify uncertainty seldom are available. Sources...
Uncertainty in georeferencing current and historic plant locations
K. McEachern, K. Niessen
2009, Ecological Restoration (27) 152-159
With shrinking habitats, weed invasions, and climate change, repeated surveys are becoming increasingly important for rare plant conservation and ecological restoration. We often need to relocate historical sites or provide locations for newly restored sites. Georeferencing is the technique of giving geographic coordinates to the location of a site. Georeferencing...
Assessment of water quality trends in the Minnesota River using non-parametric and parametric methods
H.O. Johnson, S.C. Gupta, A. V. Vecchia, F. Zvomuya
2009, Journal of Environmental Quality (38) 1018-1030
Excessive loading of sediment and nutrients to rivers is a major problem in many parts of the United States. In this study, we tested the non-parametric Seasonal Kendall (SEAKEN) trend model and the parametric USGS Quality of Water trend program (QWTREND) to quantify trends in water quality of the Minnesota...
The effect of Hurricane Katrina on nekton communities in the tidal freshwater marshes of Breton Sound, Louisiana, USA
Bryan P. Piazza, M.K. La Peyre
2009, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (83) 97-104
Hurricanes are climatically-induced resource pulses that affect community structure through the combination of physical and chemical habitat change. Estuaries are susceptible to hurricane pulses and are thought to be resilient to habitat change, because biotic communities often return quickly to pre-hurricane conditions. Although several examples provide evidence of quick recovery...
Halogen degassing during ascent and eruption of water-poor basaltic magma
M. Edmonds, T.M. Gerlach, Richard A. Herd
2009, Chemical Geology (263) 122-130
A study of volcanic gas composition and matrix glass volatile concentrations has allowed a model for halogen degassing to be formulated for K??lauea Volcano, Hawai'i. Volcanic gases emitted during 2004-2005 were characterised by a molar SO2/HCl of 10-64, with a mean of 33; and a molar HF/HCl of 0-5, with...
Non-double-couple mechanisms of microearthquakes induced by hydraulic fracturing
J. Sileny, D.P. Hill, Leo Eisner, F.H. Cornet
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (114)
We have inverted polarity and amplitude information of representative microearthquakes to investigate source mechanisms of seismicity induced by hydraulic fracturing in the Carthage Cotton Valley, east Texas, gas field. With vertical arrays of four and eight three-component geophones in two monitoring wells, respectively, we were able to reliably determine source...
Broadening our approaches to studying dispersal in raptors
J. L. Morrison, P.B. Wood
2009, Journal of Raptor Research (43) 81-89
Dispersal is a behavioral process having consequences for individual fitness and population dynamics. Recent advances in technology have spawned new theoretical examinations and empirical studies of the dispersal process in birds, providing opportunities for examining how this information may be applied to studies of the dispersal process in raptors. Many...
Application of a multistate model to estimate culvert effects on movement of small fishes
J.R. Norman, M.M. Hagler, Mary C. Freeman, B. J. Freeman
2009, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (138) 826-838
While it is widely acknowledged that culverted road-stream crossings may impede fish passage, effects of culverts on movement of nongame and small-bodied fishes have not been extensively studied and studies generally have not accounted for spatial variation in capture probabilities. We estimated probabilities for upstream and downstream movement of small...
Rodents new to the diet of the western burrowing owl(athene CUNICULARIA HYPUGAEA )
D.L. Wiluford, M.C. Woodin, M.K. Skoruppa, G.C. Hickman
2009, Southwestern Naturalist (54) 87-90
The northern pygmy mouse (Baiomys taylori), fulvous harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys fulvescens), and Merriam's pocket mouse (Pemgnathus merriami) are new to the diet of the western burrowing owl (Athene cuniculana hypugaed). All three species were identified from remains in regurgitated pellets collected from roost sites of burrowing owls in southern Texas...
Eukaryotic viruses in wastewater samples from the United States
E.M. Symonds, Dale W. Griffin, M. Breitbart
2009, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (75) 1402-1409
Human fecal matter contains a large number of viruses, and current bacterial indicators used for monitoring water quality do not correlate with the presence of pathogenic viruses. Adenoviruses and enteroviruses have often been used to identify fecal pollution in the environment; however, other viruses shed in fecal matter may more...
Physical property data from the ICDP-USGS Eyreville cores A and B, Chesapeake Bay impact structure, Virginia, USA, acquired using a multisensor core logger
H. A. Pierce, J.B. Murray
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 165-179
The International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) drilled three core holes to a composite depth of 1766 m within the moat of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure. Core recovery rates from the drilling were high (??90%), but problems with core hole collapse limited the...
Developing framework to constrain the geometry of the seismic rupture plane on subduction interfaces a priori - A probabilistic approach
G.P. Hayes, D.J. Wald
2009, Geophysical Journal International (176) 951-964
A key step in many earthquake source inversions requires knowledge of the geometry of the fault surface on which the earthquake occurred. Our knowledge of this surface is often uncertain, however, and as a result fault geometry misinterpretation can map into significant error in the final temporal and spatial slip...
Rupture parameters of the 2003 Zemmouri (Mw 6.8), Algeria, earthquake from joint inversion of interferometric synthetic aperture radar, coastal uplift, and GPS
S. Belabbes, Charles Wicks, Z. Cakir, M. Meghraoui
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface (114)
We study the surface deformation associated with the 21 May 2003 (M w = 6.8) Zemmouri (Algeria) earthquake, the strongest seismic event felt in the Algiers region since 1716. The thrust earthquake mechanism and related surface deformation revealed an average 0.50 m coastal uplift along ??55-km-long coastline. We obtain coseismic...
Adaptation of farming practices could buffer effects of climate change on northern prairie wetlands
R.A. Voldseth, W.C. Johnson, G.R. Guntenspergen, T. Gilmanov, B.V. Millett
2009, Wetlands (29) 635-647
Wetlands of the Prairie Pothole Region of North America are vulnerable to climate change. Adaptation of farming practices to mitigate adverse impacts of climate change on wetland water levels is a potential watershed management option. We chose a modeling approach (WETSIM 3.2) to examine the effects of changes in climate...
Integrating disparate lidar datasets for a regional storm tide inundation analysis of Hurricane Katrina
Jason M. Stoker, Dean J. Tyler, D. Phil Turnipseed, K. Van Wilson Jr., Michael J. Oimoen
2009, Journal of Coastal Research (Special Issue 53) 66-72
Hurricane Katrina was one of the largest natural disasters in U.S. history. Due to the sheer size of the affected areas, an unprecedented regional analysis at very high resolution and accuracy was needed to properly quantify and understand the effects of the hurricane and the storm tide. Many disparate sources...
Deep drilling in the Chesapeake Bay impact structure - An overview
G. S. Gohn, C. Koeberl, K.G. Miller, W.U. Reimold
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 1-20
The late Eocene Chesapeake Bay impact structure lies buried at moderate depths below Chesapeake Bay and surrounding landmasses in southeastern Virginia, USA. Numerous characteristics made this impact structure an inviting target for scientific drilling, including the location of the impact on the Eocene continental shelf, its threelayer target structure, its...
Unusual raptor nests around the world
D. H. Ellis, T. Craig, E. Craig, S. Postupalsky, C.T. LaRue, R.W. Nelson, D. W. Anderson, Charles J. Henny, J. Watson, B.A. Millsap, J.W. Dawson, K.L. Cole, E.M. Martin, A. Margalida, P. Kung
2009, Journal of Raptor Research (43) 175-198
From surveys in many countries, we report raptors using unusual nesting materials (e.g., paper money, rags, metal, antlers, and large bones) and unusual nesting situations. For example, we documented nests of Steppe Eagles Aquila nipalensis and Upland Buzzards Buteo hemilasius on the ground beside well-traveled roads, Saker Falcon Falco cherrug...
Geoengineering and seismological aspects of the Niigata-Ken Chuetsu-Oki earthquake of 16 July 2007
R. Kayen, S.J. Brandenberg, B.D. CoIlins, S. Dickenson, S. Ashford, Y. Kawamata, Y. Tanaka, H. Koumoto, N. Abrahamson, L. Cluff, K. Tokimatsu
2009, Earthquake Spectra (25) 777-802
The M6.6 Niigata-Ken Chuetsu-Oki earthquake of 16 July 2007 occurred off the west coast of Japan with a focal depth of 10 km, immediately west of Kashiwazaki City and Kariwa Village in southern Niigata Prefecture. Peak horizontal ground accelerations of 0.68 g were measured in Kashiwazaki City, as well as...
Tailrace egress and hydraulic conditions during tests of a top spillway weir (TSW) at John Day Dam, 2008
T.L. Liedtke, C. D. Smith, R.G Tomka
2009, Report
n/a...
Soil nitrogen balance under wastewater management: Field measurements and simulation results
M. Sophocleous, M.A. Townsend, F. Vocasek, Liwang Ma, A. KC
2009, Journal of Environmental Quality (38) 1286-1301
The use of treated wastewater for irrigation of crops could result in high nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) concentrations in the vadose zone and ground water. The goal of this 2-yr field-monitoring study in the deep silty clay loam soils south of Dodge City, Kansas, was to assess how and under what circumstances...
Gopherus Agassizii (Desert Tortoise). Predation/Mountain Lions
Paul D. Greger, Philip A. Medica
2009, Herpetological Review (40)
No abstract available....
Mercury sources, distribution, and bioavailability in the North Pacific Ocean: Insights from data and models
E.M. Sunderland, D. P. Krabbenhoft, J.W. Moreau, S.A. Strode, W.M. Landing
2009, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (23)
Fish harvested from the Pacific Ocean are a major contributor to human methylmercury (MeHg) exposure. Limited oceanic mercury (Hg) data, particularly MeHg, has confounded our understanding of linkages between sources, methylation sites, and concentrations in marine food webs. Here we present methylated (MeHg and dimethylmercury (Me2Hg)) and total Hg concentrations...
Gravity investigations of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure
J. B. Plescia, D. L. Daniels, A. K. Shah
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 181-193
The Chesapeake Bay impact structure is a complex impact crater, ??85 km in diameter, buried beneath postimpact sediments. Its main structural elements include a central uplift of crystalline bedrock, a surrounding inner crater filled with impact debris, and an annular faulted margin composed of block-faulted sediments. The gravity anomaly is...
