Behavior of steelhead fry in a laboratory stream is affected by fish density but not rearing environment
Stephen C. Riley, Christopher P. Tatara, Barry A. Berejikian, Thomas A. Flagg
2009, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (29) 1806-1818
We quantified the aggression, feeding, dominance, position choice, and territory size of naturally reared steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss fry stocked with two types of hatchery-reared fry (from conventional and enriched rearing environments) at two densities in experimental flumes to determine how rearing environment and fish density affect the behavior of steelhead...
Monitoring and assessing trail conditions at Acadia National Park
Jeffrey L. Marion, Jeremy Wimpey, Logan Park
Robert E. Manning, editor(s)
2009, Book chapter, Parks and people: Managing outdoor recreation at Acadia National Park
No abstract available....
Status and trends of prey fish populations in Lake Superior, 2008
Owen T. Gorman, Lori M. Evrard, Gary A. Cholwek, Jill M. Falck, Daniel Yule
2009, Conference Paper
The Great Lakes Science Center has conducted annual daytime bottom trawl surveys of the Lake Superior nearshore (15-80 m bathymetric depth zone) every spring since 1978 to provide a long-term index of relative abundance and biomass of the fish community. Between May 5 and June 14, 2008, 58 stations were...
Obtaining parsimonious hydraulic conductivity fields using head and transport observations: A Bayesian geostatistical parameter estimation approach
Michael N. Fienen, R. Hunt, D. Krabbenhoft, T. Clemo
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
Flow path delineation is a valuable tool for interpreting the subsurface hydrogeochemical environment. Different types of data, such as groundwater flow and transport, inform different aspects of hydrogeologic parameter values (hydraulic conductivity in this case) which, in turn, determine flow paths. This work combines flow and transport information to estimate...
Climate alters response of an endemic island plant to removal of invasive herbivores
Mceachern A. Kathryn, D.M. Thomson, K.A. Chess
2009, Ecological Applications (19) 1574-1584
Islands experience higher rates of species extinction than mainland ecosystems, with biological invasions among the leading causes; they also serve as important model systems for testing ideas in basic and applied ecology. Invasive removal programs on islands are conservation efforts that can also be viewed as powerful manipulative experiments, but...
Markov decision processes in natural resources management: Observability and uncertainty
B. Kenneth Williams
2009, Ecological Modelling (220) 830-840
The breadth and complexity of stochastic decision processes in natural resources presents a challenge to analysts who need to understand and use these approaches. The objective of this paper is to describe a class of decision processes that are germane to natural resources conservation and management, namely Markov decision processes,...
Phylogeny and phylogenetic classification of the antbirds, ovenbirds, woodcreepers, and allies (Aves: Passeriformes: Infraorder Furnariides)
R.G. Moyle, R.T. Chesser, R.T. Brumfield, J.G. Tello, D.J. Marchese, J. Cracraft
2009, Cladistics (25) 386-405
The infraorder Furnariides is a diverse group of suboscine passerine birds comprising a substantial component of the Neotropical avifauna. The included species encompass a broad array of morphologies and behaviours, making them appealing for evolutionary studies, but the size of the group (ca. 600 species) has limited well-sampled higher-level phylogenetic...
Past permafrost on the Mid-Atlantic coastal plain, eastern United States
H. French, M. Demitroff, Wayne L. Newell
2009, Permafrost and Periglacial Processes (20) 285-294
Sand-wedge casts, soil wedges and other non-diastrophic, post-depositional sedimentary structures suggest that Late-Pleistocene permafrost and deep seasonal frost on the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain extended at least as far south as southern Delaware, the Eastern Shore and southern Maryland. Heterogeneous cold-climate slope deposits mantle lower valley-side slopes in central Maryland. A...
Evolutionary dynamics of Newcastle disease virus
P.J. Miller, L.M. Kim, Hon S. Ip, C.L. Afonso
2009, Virology (391) 64-72
A comprehensive dataset of NDV genome sequences was evaluated using bioinformatics to characterize the evolutionary forces affecting NDV genomes. Despite evidence of recombination in most genes, only one event in the fusion gene of genotype V viruses produced evolutionarily viable progenies. The codon-associated rate of change for the six NDV...
Assessment of tsunami hazard to the U.S. East Coast using relationships between submarine landslides and earthquakes
Uri S. ten Brink, H.J. Lee, E.L. Geist, D. Twichell
2009, Marine Geology (264) 65-73
Submarine landslides along the continental slope of the U.S. Atlantic margin are potential sources for tsunamis along the U.S. East coast. The magnitude of potential tsunamis depends on the volume and location of the landslides, and tsunami frequency depends on their recurrence interval. However, the size and recurrence interval of...
Effects of geolocation archival tags on reproduction and adult body mass of sooty shearwaters (Puffinus griseus)
J. Adams, D. Scott, S. McKechnie, G. Blackwell, S.A. Shaffer, H. Moller
2009, New Zealand Journal of Ecology (36) 355-366
We attached 11 g (1.4% body-mass equivalent) global location sensing (GLS) archival tag packages to tarsi of 25 breeding sooty shearwaters (Puffinus griseus, titi) on Whenua Hou (Codfish Island), New Zealand during the chick-rearing period in 2005. Compared with chicks reared by non-handled adults that did not carry tags, deployment...
A model for the termination of the Ryukyu subduction zone against Taiwan: A junction of collision, subduction/separation, and subduction boundaries
F.T. Wu, W.-T. Liang, J.-C. Lee, H. Benz, A. Villasenor
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (114)
The NW moving Philippine Sea plate (PSP) collides with the Eurasian plate (EUP) in the vicinity of Taiwan, and at the same time, it subducts toward the north along SW Ryukyu. The Ryukyu subduction zone terminates against eastern Taiwan. While the Ryukyu Trench is a linear bathym??trie low about 100...
Satellite-marked waterfowl reveal migratory connection between H5N1 outbreak areas in China and Mongolia
D.J. Prosser, John Y. Takekawa, S. H. Newman, B. Yan, David C. Douglas, Y. Hou, Z. Xing, Dongxiao Zhang, T. Li, Y. Li, D. Zhao, W.M. Perry, E.C. Palm
2009, Ibis (151) 568-576
The role of wild birds in the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 has been greatly debated and remains an unresolved question. However, analyses to determine involvement of wild birds have been hindered by the lack of basic information on their movements in central Asia. Thus, we initiated a...
Advancing techniques to constrain the geometry of the seismic rupture plane on subduction interfaces a priori: Higher-order functional fits
G.P. Hayes, D.J. Wald, K. Keranen
2009, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (10)
Ongoing developments in earthquake source inversions incorporate nonplanar fault geometries as inputs to the inversion process, improving previous approaches that relied solely on planar fault surfaces. This evolution motivates advancing the existing framework for constraining fault geometry, particularly in subduction zones where plate boundary surfaces that host highly hazardous earthquakes...
Occurrence of gas hydrate in Oligocene Frio sand: Alaminos Canyon Block 818: Northern Gulf of Mexico
R. Boswell, D. Shelander, M. Lee, T. Latham, T. Collett, G. Guerin, G. Moridis, M. Reagan, D. Goldberg
2009, Marine and Petroleum Geology (26) 1499-1512
A unique set of high-quality downhole shallow subsurface well log data combined with industry standard 3D seismic data from the Alaminos Canyon area has enabled the first detailed description of a concentrated gas hydrate accumulation within sand in the Gulf of Mexico. The gas hydrate occurs within very fine grained,...
The use of local indicators of spatial association to improve LiDAR-derived predictions of potential amphibian breeding ponds
J.T. Julian, J.A. Young, J. W. Jones, C.D. Snyder, C. W. Wright
2009, Journal of Geographical Systems (11) 89-106
We examined whether spatially explicit information improved models that use LiDAR return signal intensity to discriminate in-pond habitat from terrestrial habitat at 24 amphibian breeding ponds. The addition of Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) to LiDAR return intensity data significantly improved predictive models at all ponds, reduced residual error...
Implications of the fluvial history of the Wacheqsa River for hydrologic engineering and water use at Chavín de Húntar, Peru
Daniel A. Contreras, David K. Keefer
2009, Geoarchaeology (24) 589-618
Channeling of water through a variety of architectural features represents a significant engineering investment at the first millennium B.C. ceremonial center of Chavín de Huántar in the Peruvian Central Andes. The site contains extensive evidence of the manipulation of water, apparently for diverse purposes. The present configuration of the two...
Short- and long-term response of deteriorating brackish marshes and open-water ponds to sediment enhancement by thin-layer dredge disposal
M.K. La Peyre, B. Gossman, Bryan P. Piazza
2009, Estuaries and Coasts (32) 390-402
Artificial sediment enhancement using a thin layer of dredged material has been suggested as a means to increase elevation and create soil conditions conducive to increased marsh structure and function in deteriorating marshes. Using a chronosequence approach, we examined the effects of sediment enhancement in deteriorating marsh and open-water pond...
Influences of wind-wave exposure on the distribution and density of recruit reef fishes at Kure and Pearl and Hermes Atolls, Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
E.E. DeMartini, B.J. Zgliczynski, R.C. Boland, A. M. Friedlander
2009, Environmental Biology of Fishes (85) 319-332
This paper describes the results of a field survey designed to test the prediction that the density of benthic juveniles of shallow-reef fishes is greater on wind-wave "exposed" sectors of a pair of isolated oceanic atolls (Kure, Pearl and Hermes) at the far northwestern end of the Hawaiian Islands, an...
A test and re-estimation of Taylor's empirical capacity-reserve relationship
K. R. Long
2009, Natural Resources Research (18) 57-63
In 1977, Taylor proposed a constant elasticity model relating capacity choice in mines to reserves. A test of this model using a very large (n = 1,195) dataset confirms its validity but obtains significantly different estimated values for the model coefficients. Capacity is somewhat inelastic with respect to reserves, with...
Assessing the extent and diversity of riparian ecosystems in Sonora, Mexico
M. L. Scott, P.L. Nagler, E. P. Glenn, C. Valdes-Casillas, J.A. Erker, E.W. Reynolds, P.B. Shafroth, E. Gomez-Limon, C.L. Jones
2009, Biodiversity and Conservation (18) 247-269
Conservation of forested riparian ecosystems is of international concern. Relatively little is known of the structure, composition, diversity, and extent of riparian ecosystems in Mexico. We used high- and low-resolution satellite imagery from 2000 to 2006, and ground-based sampling in 2006, to assess the spatial pattern, extent, and woody plant...
Predicting lesser scaup wetland use during spring migration in eastern South Dakota
S.N. Kahara, S. R. Chipps
2009, Great Plains Research (19) 157-167
The relative influence of physical, chemical, and biotic wetland characteristics on wetland use by spring migrating lesser scaup (Aythya affinis [Eyton]; hereafter "scaup") is not well understood. We compared characteristics of used and unused wetlands in eastern South Dakota. Used wetlands were larger (>2 ha; P = 0.05), with higher...
Pilot studies for the North American Soil Geochemical Landscapes Project - Site selection, sampling protocols, analytical methods, and quality control protocols
D. B. Smith, L. G. Woodruff, R. M. O’Leary, W.F. Cannon, R. G. Garrett, J.E. Kilburn, M. B. Goldhaber
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1357-1368
In 2004, the US Geological Survey (USGS) and the Geological Survey of Canada sampled and chemically analyzed soils along two transects across Canada and the USA in preparation for a planned soil geochemical survey of North America. This effort was a pilot study to test and refine sampling protocols, analytical...
Process recognition in multi-element soil and stream-sediment geochemical data
E.C. Grunsky, L.J. Drew, D. M. Sutphin
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1602-1616
Stream-sediment and soil geochemical data from the Upper and Lower Coastal Plains of South Carolina (USA) were studied to determine relationships between soils and stream sediments. From multi-element associations, characteristic compositions were determined for both media. Primary associations of elements reflect mineralogy, including heavy minerals, carbonates and clays, and the...
Postfledging Forster's Tern movements, habitat selection, and colony attendance in San Francisco Bay
Joshua T. Ackerman, Jill D. Bluso-Demers, John Y. Takekawa
2009, Condor (111) 100-110
Relatively little is known about birds during the postfledging period when flighted chicks have left the nest and must learn to forage independently. We examined postfledging movements, habitat selection, and colony attendance of Forster's Terns (Sterna forsteri) radio-marked just before they fledged in San Francisco Bay, California. The proportion of...
