Systematic approaches to comprehensive analyses of natural organic matter
Jerry A. Leenheer
2009, Annals of Environmental Science (3) 1-130
The more that is learned of the chemistry of aquatic natural organic matter (NOM) the greater is the scientific appreciation of the vast complexity of this subject. This complexity is due not only to a multiplicity of precursor molecules in any environment but to their associations with each other and...
Allogenic sedimentary components of Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho
J. G. Rosenbaum, W.E. Dean, R. L. Reynolds, M.C. Reheis
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 145-168
Bear Lake is a long-lived lake filling a tectonic depression between the Bear River Range to the west and the Bear River Plateau to the east, and straddling the border between Utah and Idaho. Mineralogy, elemental geochemistry, and magnetic properties provide information about variations in provenance of allogenic lithic material...
Long-term change in limnology and invertebrates in Alaskan boreal wetlands
R. M. Corcoran, J.R. Lovvorn, P.J. Heglund
2009, Hydrobiologia (620) 77-89
Climate change is more pronounced at high northern latitudes, and may be affecting the physical, chemical, and biological attributes of the abundant wetlands in boreal forests. On the Yukon Flats, located in the boreal forest of northeast Alaska, wetlands originally sampled during 1985-1989 were re-sampled for water chemistry and macroinvertebrates...
Persistence of effects of high sediment loading in a salmon-bearing river, northern California
Mary Ann Madej, V. Ozaki
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 43-55
Regional high-magnitude rainstorms have produced several large floods in north coastal California during the last century, which resulted in extensive massmovement activity and channel aggradation. Channel monitoring in Redwood Creek, through the use of cross-sectional surveys, thalweg profi les, and pebble counts, has documented the persistence and routing of channel-stored...
Geochemistry of surface water in alpine catchments in central Colorado, USA: Resolving host-rock effects at different spatial scales
R. B. Wanty, P. L. Verplanck, Juan C.A. San, S. E. Church, T.S. Schmidt, D.L. Fey, E.H. deWitt, T. L. Klein
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 600-610
The US Geological Survey is conducting a study of surface-water quality in the Rocky Mountains of central Colorado, an area of approximately 55,000 km2. Using new and existing geologic maps, the more than 200 rock formations represented in the area were arranged into 17 groups based on lithologic similarity. The...
Hematology of healthy Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus)
J. W. Harvey, K.E. Harr, D. Murphy, M.T. Walsh, E.C. Nolan, R. K. Bonde, M.G. Pate, C. J. Deutsch, H.H. Edwards, W.L. Clapp
2009, Veterinary Clinical Pathology (38) 183-193
Background: Hematologic analysis is an important tool in evaluating the general health status of free-ranging manatees and in the diagnosis and monitoring of rehabilitating animals. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate diagnostically important hematologic analytes in healthy manatees (Trichechus manatus) and to assess variations with respect to...
Implications for the dynamic health of a glacier from comparison of conventional and reference-surface balances
W.D. Harrison, L.H. Cox, R. Hock, R.S. March, E.C. Pettit
2009, Annals of Glaciology (50) 25-30
Conventional and reference-surface mass-balance data from Gulkana and Wolverine Glaciers, Alaska, USA, are used to address the questions of how rapidly these glaciers are adjusting (or 'responding') to climate, whether their responses are stable, and whether the glaciers are likely to survive in today's climate. Instability means that a glacier...
Climatic implications of reconstructed early - Mid Pliocene equilibrium-line altitudes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica
A.G. Krusic, M.L. Prentice, J. M. Licciardi
2009, Annals of Glaciology (50) 31-36
Early-mid Pliocene moraines in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, are more extensive than the present alpine glaciers in this region, indicating substantial climatic differences between the early-mid Pliocene and the present. To quantify this difference in the glacier-climate regime, we estimated the equilibrium-line altitude (ELA) change since the early-mid Pliocene...
Biogeochemistry at a wetland sediment-alluvial aquifer interface in a landfill leachate plume
M.M. Lorah, I.M. Cozzarelli, J.K. Böhlke
2009, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (105) 99-117
The biogeochemistry at the interface between sediments in a seasonally ponded wetland (slough) and an alluvial aquifer contaminated with landfill leachate was investigated to evaluate factors that can effect natural attenuation of landfill leachate contaminants in areas of groundwater/surface-water interaction. The biogeochemistry at the wetland-alluvial aquifer interface differed greatly between...
Mercury cycling in stream ecosystems. 2. Benthic methylmercury production and bed sediment - Pore water partitioning
Mark Marvin-DiPasquale, Michelle A. Lutz, Mark E. Brigham, David P. Krabbenhoft, George R. Aiken, William H. Orem, Britt D. Hall
2009, Environmental Science & Technology (43) 2726-2732
Mercury speciation, controls on methylmercury (MeHg) production, and bed sediment−pore water partitioning of total Hg (THg) and MeHg were examined in bed sediment from eight geochemically diverse streams where atmospheric deposition was the predominant Hg input. Across all streams, sediment THg concentrations were best described as a combined function of...
Evaluation of airborne lidar data to predict vegetation Presence/Absence
M. Palaseanu-Lovejoy, A. Nayegandhi, J. Brock, R. Woodman, C. W. Wright
2009, Journal of Coastal Research 83-97
This study evaluates the capabilities of the Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar (EAARL) in delineating vegetation assemblages in Jean Lafitte National Park, Louisiana. Five-meter-resolution grids of bare earth, canopy height, canopy-reflection ratio, and height of median energy were derived from EAARL data acquired in September 2006. Ground-truth data were collected...
A Holocene record of climate-driven shifts in coastal carbon sequestration
Siddhartha Mitra, A.R. Zimmerman, G.B. Hunsinger, D. Willard, J.C. Dunn
2009, Geophysical Research Letters (36)
A sediment core collected in the mesohaline portion of Chesapeake Bay was found to contain periods of increased delivery of refractory black carbon (BC) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The BC was most likely produced by biomass combustion during four centennialscale dry periods as indicated by the Palmer Drought Severity...
Analysis of methods to estimate spring flows in a karst aquifer
N. Sepulveda
2009, Ground Water (47) 337-349
Hydraulically and statistically based methods were analyzed to identify the most reliable method to predict spring flows in a karst aquifer. Measured water levels at nearby observation wells, measured spring pool altitudes, and the distance between observation wells and the spring pool were the parameters used to match measured spring...
Real-time flood forecasting
C. Lai, T.-K. Tsay, C.-H. Chien, I.-L. Wu
2009, American Scientist (97) 119-125
Researchers at the Hydroinformatic Research and Development Team (HIRDT) of the National Taiwan University undertook a project to create a real time flood forecasting model, with an aim to predict the current in the Tamsui River Basin. The model was designed based on deterministic approach with mathematic modeling of complex...
Genetic structure of lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) in Lake Michigan
J.A. VanDeHey, Brian L. Sloss, Paul J. Peeters, T.M. Sutton
2009, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (66) 382-393
Genetic relationships among lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) spawning aggregates in Lake Michigan were assessed and used to predict a stock or management unit (MU) model for the resource. We hypothesized that distinct spawning aggregates represented potential MUs and that differences at molecular markers underlie population differentiation. Genetic stock identification using...
The Pliocene Lost River found to west: Detrital zircon evidence of drainage disruption along a subsiding hotspot track
M.K.V. Hodges, P. K. Link, C.M. Fanning
2009, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (188) 237-249
SHRIMP analysis of U/Pb ages of detrital zircons in twelve late Miocene to Pleistocene sand samples from six drill cores on the Snake River Plain (SRP), Idaho, suggests that an ancestral Lost River system was drained westward along the northern side of the SRP. Neoproterozoic (650 to 740??Ma, Cryogenian) detrital...
A carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur elemental and isotopic study in dated sediment cores from the Louisiana Shelf
R.J. Rosenbauer, P.W. Swarzenski, C. Kendall, W. H. Orem, F. D. Hostettler, M.E. Rollog
2009, Geo-Marine Letters (29) 415-429
Three sediment cores were collected off the Mississippi River delta on the Louisiana Shelf at sites that are variably influenced by recurring, summer-time water-column hypoxia and fluvial loadings. The cores, with established chronology, were analyzed for their respective carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur elemental and isotopic composition to examine variable...
Delineation of Magnesium-rich Ultramafic Rocks Available for Mineral Carbon Sequestration in the United States
S. C. Krevor, C. R. Graves, B. S. Van Gosen, A. E. McCafferty
2009, Conference Paper, Energy Procedia
The 2005 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report on Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage suggested that a major gap in mineral carbon sequestration is locating the magnesium-silicate bedrock available to sequester CO2. It is generally known that silicate minerals with high concentrations of magnesium are suitable for mineral carbonation. However,...
Non-native plant invasions of United States National parks
J. A. Allen, C. S. Brown, T.J. Stohlgren
2009, Biological Invasions (11) 2195-2207
The United States National Park Service was created to protect and make accessible to the public the nation's most precious natural resources and cultural features for present and future generations. However, this heritage is threatened by the invasion of non-native plants, animals, and pathogens. To evaluate the scope of invasions,...
Delayed conifer mortality after fuel reduction treatments: Interactive effects of fuel, fire intensity, and bark beetles
A. Youngblood, J.B. Grace, J.D. Mciver
2009, Ecological Applications (19) 321-337
Many low‐elevation dry forests of the western United States contain more small trees and fewer large trees, more down woody debris, and less diverse and vigorous understory plant communities compared to conditions under historical fire regimes. These altered structural conditions may contribute to increased probability of unnaturally severe wildfires, susceptibility...
A less field-intensive robust design for estimating demographic parameters with Mark-resight data
B.T. McClintock, Gary C. White
2009, Ecology (90) 313-320
The robust design has become popular among animal ecologists as a means for estimating population abundance and related demographic parameters with mark-recapture data. However, two drawbacks of traditional mark-recapture are financial cost and repeated disturbance to animals. Mark-resight methodology may in many circumstances be a less expensive and less invasive...
Petrographic observations on the Exmore breccia, ICDP-USGS drilling at Eyreville, Chesapeake Bay impact structure, USA
W.U. Reimold, K. Bartosova, R.T. Schmitt, B. Hansen, C. Crasselt, C. Koeberl, A. Wittmann, D.S. Powars
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 655-698
The International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP)-U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Eyreville A and B drill cores sampled crater fill in the region of the crater moat, ??9 km to the NE of the center of the Chesapeake Bay impact structure, Virginia, USA. They provide a 953 m section (444-1397 m...
Geological factors affecting CO2 plume distribution
S.M. Frailey, H. Leetaru
2009, Conference Paper, Energy Procedia
Understanding the lateral extent of a CO2 plume has important implications with regards to buying/leasing pore volume rights, defining the area of review for an injection permit, determining the extent of an MMV plan, and managing basin-scale sequestration from multiple injection sites. The vertical and lateral distribution of CO2 has...
Volcanic hazards to airports
Marianne C. Guffanti, Gari C. Mayberry, Thomas J. Casadevall, Richard Wunderman
2009, Natural Hazards (51) 287-302
Volcanic activity has caused significant hazards to numerous airports worldwide, with local to far-ranging effects on travelers and commerce. Analysis of a new compilation of incidents of airports impacted by volcanic activity from 1944 through 2006 reveals that, at a minimum, 101 airports in 28 countries were affected on 171...
Factors affecting the age-C resident fish community along shorelines of the Hanford Reach of the Columbia River
D.M. Gadomski, P.G. Wagner
2009, Northwest Science (83) 180-188
The Hanford Reach is one of the few remaining unimpounded sections of the Columbia River. However, because of flow management at upstream dams, there are often large fluctuations in water level. To determine how environmental conditions might affect age-0 resident fishes in the Hanford Reach, we evaluated species composition, distribution,...
