Automated masking of cloud and cloud shadow for forest change analysis using Landsat images
Chengquan Huang, Nancy Thomas, Samuel N. Goward, Jeffery G. Masek, Zhiliang Zhu, J.R.G. Townshend, James Vogelmann
2010, International Journal of Remote Sensing (31) 5449-5464
Accurate masking of cloud and cloud shadow is a prerequisite for reliable mapping of land surface attributes. Cloud contamination is particularly a problem for land cover change analysis, because unflagged clouds may be mapped as false changes, and the level of such false changes can be comparable to or many...
The observed relationship between wave conditions and beach response, Ocean Beach, San Francisco, CA
J.E. Hansen, P.L. Barnard
2009, Journal of Coastal Research 1771-1775
Understanding how sandy beaches respond to storms is critical for effective sediment management and developing successful erosion mitigation efforts. However, only limited progress has been made in relating observed beach changes to wave conditions, with one of the major limiting factors being the lack of temporally dense beach topography and...
A look at construction aggregates production
Jason Christopher Willett
2009, Stone, Sand & Gravel Review (25) 33-36
Construction aggregates are defined as the combination of crushed stone and construction sand and gravel. Aggregates are one of the most accessible natural resources on Earth and one of the fundamental building blocks of our society. They have been used from the earliest times of our civilization for a variety...
Channel water balance and exchange with subsurface flow along a mountain headwater stream in Montana, United States
R.A. Payn, M.N. Gooseff, B.L. McGlynn, K.E. Bencala, S.M. Wondzell
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
Channel water balances of contiguous reaches along streams represent a poorly understood scale of stream-subsurface interaction. We measured reach water balances along a headwater stream in Montana, United States, during summer base flow recessions. Reach water balances were estimated from series of tracer tests in 13 consecutive reaches delineated evenly...
Investigating hydraulic connections and the origin of water in a mine tunnel using stable isotopes and hydrographs
Katherine Walton-Day, Eileen Poeter
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 2266-2282
Turquoise Lake is a water-supply reservoir located north of the historic Sugarloaf Mining district near Leadville, Colorado, USA. Elevated water levels in the reservoir may increase flow of low-quality water from abandoned mine tunnels in the Sugarloaf District and degrade water quality downstream. The objective of this study was to...
Estuarine water quality in parks of the Northeast Coastal and Barrier Network: Development and early implementation of vital signs estuarine nutrient-enrichment monitoring, 2003-06
Blaine S. Kopp, Martha Nielsen, Dejan Glisic, Hilary A. Neckles
2009, Natural Resource Technical Report (266)
This report documents results of pilot tests of a protocol for monitoring estuarine nutrient enrichment for the Vital Signs Monitoring Program of the National Park Service Northeast Coastal and Barrier Network. Data collected from four parks during protocol development in 2003-06 are presented: Gateway National Recreation Area, Colonial National Historic...
Trends in anuran occupancy from northeastern states of the North American Monitoring Program
Linda Weir, Ian J. Fiske, J. Andrew Royle
2009, Herpetological Conservation and Biology (4) 389-402
We present the first multi-year occupancy trends from North American Amphibian Monitoring Program (NAAMP) data in 10 northeastern states using seven years of data (2001-2007). NAAMP uses a calling survey technique where observers listen for anuran vocalizations along assigned random roadside routes. We were able to assess occupancy trends in...
Web GIS in practice VII: stereoscopic 3-D solutions for online maps and virtual globes
Maged N.K. Boulos, Larry R. Robinson
2009, International Journal of Health Geographics (8)
Because our pupils are about 6.5 cm apart, each eye views a scene from a different angle and sends a unique image to the visual cortex, which then merges the images from both eyes into a single picture. The slight difference between the right and left images allows the brain...
Modeling co-occurrence of northern spotted and barred owls: accounting for detection probability differences
Larissa L. Bailey, Janice A. Reid, Eric D. Forsman, James D. Nichols
2009, Biological Conservation (142) 2983-2989
Barred owls (Strix varia) have recently expanded their range and now encompass the entire range of the northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina). This expansion has led to two important issues of concern for management of northern spotted owls: (1) possible competitive interactions between the two species that could contribute...
Response to the Point of View of Gregory B. Pauly, David M. Hillis, and David C. Cannatella, by the Anuran Subcommittee of the SSAR/HL/ASIH Scientific and Standard English Names List
Darrel R. Frost, Roy W. McDiarmid, Joseph R. Mendelson III
2009, Herpetologica (65) 136-153
The Point of View by Gregory Pauly, David Hillis, and David Cannatella misrepresents the motives and activities of the anuran subcommittee of the Scientific and Standard English Names Committee, contains a number of misleading statements, omits evidence and references to critical literature that have already rejected or superseded their positions,...
Integrated sequence stratigraphy of the postimpact sediments from the Eyreville core holes, Chesapeake Bay impact structure inner basin
James V. Browning, Kenneth G. Miller, Peter P. McLaughlin Jr., Lucy E. Edwards, Andrew A. Kulpecz, David S. Powars, Bridget S. Wade, Mark D. Feigenson, James D. Wright
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America (458) 775-810
The Eyreville core holes provide the first continuously cored record of postimpact sequences from within the deepest part of the central Chesapeake Bay impact crater. We analyzed the upper Eocene to Pliocene postimpact sediments from the Eyreville A and C core holes for lithology (semiquantitative measurements of grain size and...
Quaternary science reviews Pacific Basin tsunami hazards associated with mass flows in the Aleutian arc of Alaska
Christopher F. Waythomas, Philip Watts, Fengyan Shi, James T. Kirby
2009, Quaternary Science Reviews (28) 1006-1019
We analyze mass-flow tsunami generation for selected areas within the Aleutian arc of Alaska using results from numerical simulation of hypothetical but plausible mass-flow sources such as submarine landslides and volcanic debris avalanches. The Aleutian arc consists of a chain of volcanic mountains, volcanic islands, and submarine canyons, surrounded by...
Migration of whooper swans and outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in Eastern Asia
Scott H. Newman, Samuel A. Iverson, John Y. Takekawa, Martin Gilbert, Diann J. Prosser, Nyambyar Batbayar, Tseveenmyadag Natsagdorj, David C. Douglas
2009, PLoS ONE (4) 1-11
Evaluating the potential involvement of wild avifauna in the emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 (hereafter H5N1) requires detailed analyses of temporal and spatial relationships between wild bird movements and disease emergence. The death of wild swans (Cygnus spp.) has been the first indicator of the presence of H5N1...
High-resolution sclerochronological analysis of the bivalve mollusk Saxidomus gigantea from Alaska and British Columbia: techniques for revealing environmental archives and archaeological seasonality
Nadine Hallman, Meghan Burchell, Bernd R. Schone, Gail V. Irvine, David Maxwell
2009, Journal of Archaeological Science (36) 2353-2364
The butter clam, Saxidomus gigantea, is one of the most commonly recovered bivalves from archaeological shell middens on the Pacific Coast of North America. This study presents the results of the sclerochronology of modern specimens of S. gigantea, collected monthly from Pender Island (British Columbia), and additional modern specimens from...
Geographic variation in Bar-headed geese Anser indicus: connectivity of wintering and breeding grounds across a broad front
John Y. Takekawa, Shane R. Heath, David C. Douglas, William M. Perry, Sàlim Javed, Scott H. Newman, Rajendra N. Suwal, Asad R. Rahman, Binod C. Choudhury, Diann J. Prosser, Baoping Yan, Yuansheng Hou, Nyambayar Batbayar, Tseveenmayadag Natsagdorj, Charles M. Bishop, Patrick J. Butler, Peter B. Frappell, William K. Milsom, Graham R. Scott, Lucy A. Hawkes, Martin Wikelski
2009, Wildfowl (59) 100-123
The connectivity and frequency of exchange between sub-populations of migratory birds is integral to understanding population dynamics over the entire species' range. True geese are highly philopatric and acquire lifetime mates during the winter, suggesting that the number of distinct sub-populations may be related to the number of distinct wintering...
Differential escape from parasites by two competing introduced crabs
April M. Blakeslee, Carolyn L. Keogh, James E. Byers, Armand M. Kuris, Kevin D. Lafferty, Mark E. Torchin
2009, Marine Ecology Progress Series (393) 83-96
Although introduced species often interact with one another in their novel communities, the role of parasites in these interactions remains less clear. We examined parasite richness and prevalence in 2 shorecrab species with different invasion histories and residency times in an introduced region where their distributions overlap broadly. On the...
An improved procedure for detection and enumeration of walrus signatures in airborne thermal imagery
Douglas M. Burn, Mark S. Udevitz, Suzann G. Speckman, R. Bradley Benter
2009, International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation (11) 324-333
In recent years, application of remote sensing to marine mammal surveys has been a promising area of investigation for wildlife managers and researchers. In April 2006, the United States and Russia conducted an aerial survey of Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) using thermal infrared sensors to detect groups of animals...
Determining Titan surface topography from Cassini SAR data
Bryan W. Stiles, Scott Hensley, Yonggyu Gim, David M. Bates, Randolph L. Kirk, Alex Hayes, Jani Radebaugh, Ralph D. Lorenz, Karl L. Mitchell, Philip S. Callahan, Howard Zebker, William T.K. Johnson, Stephen D. Wall, Jonathan I. Lunine, Charles A. Wood, Michael Janssen, Frederic Pelletier, Richard D. West, Chandini Veeramacheneni
2009, Icarus (202) 584-598
A technique, referred to as SARTopo, has been developed for obtaining surface height estimates with 10 km horizontal resolution and 75 m vertical resolution of the surface of Titan along each Cassini Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) swath. We describe the technique and present maps of the co-located data sets. A...
Consumer-resource theory predicts dynamic transitions between outcomes of interspecific interactions
J. Nathaniel Holland, Donald L. DeAngelis
2009, Ecology Letters (12) 1357-1366
Interactions between two populations are often defined by their interaction outcomes; that is, the positive, neutral, or negative effects of species on one another. Yet, signs of outcomes are not absolute, but vary with the biotic and abiotic contexts of interactions. Here, we develop a general theory for transitions between...
Impacts of forest fragmentation on species richness: A hierarchical approach to community modelling
Elise F. Zipkin, Amielle DeWan, J. Andrew Royle
2009, Journal of Applied Ecology (46) 815-822
1. Species richness is often used as a tool for prioritizing conservation action. One method for predicting richness and other summaries of community structure is to develop species-specific models of occurrence probability based on habitat or landscape characteristics. However, this approach can be challenging for rare or elusive species for...
A cautionary note on substituting spatial subunits for repeated temporal sampling in studies of site occupancy
William L. Kendall, Gary C. White
2009, Journal of Applied Ecology (46) 1182-1188
1. Assessing the probability that a given site is occupied by a species of interest is important to resource managers, as well as metapopulation or landscape ecologists. Managers require accurate estimates of the state of the system, in order to make informed decisions. Models that yield estimates of occupancy, while...
Species richness and occupancy estimation in communities subject to temporary emigration
M. Kery, J. Andrew Royle, M. Plattner, R.M. Dorazio
2009, Ecology (90) 1279-1290
Species richness is the most common biodiversity metric, although typically some species remain unobserved. Therefore, estimates of species richness and related quantities should account for imperfect detectability. Community dynamics can often be represented as superposition of species-specific phenologies (e. g., in taxa with well-defined flight [insects], activity [rodents], or vegetation...
Effect of distance-related heterogeneity on population size estimates from point counts
Murray G. Efford, Deanna K. Dawson
2009, The Auk (126) 100-111
Point counts are used widely to index bird populations. Variation in the proportion of birds counted is a known source of error, and for robust inference it has been advocated that counts be converted to estimates of absolute population size. We used simulation to assess nine methods for...
Multistate models for estimation of survival and reproduction in the Grey-headed Albatross (Thalassarche chrysostoma)
Sarah J. Converse, William L. Kendall, Paul F. Doherty Jr., Peter G. Ryan
2009, The Auk (126) 77-88
Reliable information on demography is necessary for conservation of albatrosses, the most threatened family of pelagic birds. Albatross survival has been estimated using mark-recapture data and the Cormack-Jolly-Seber (CJS) model. However, albatross exhibit skipped breeding, violating assumptions of the CJS model. Multistate modeling integrating unobservable states is a promising tool...
Monitoring multiple species: Estimating state variables and exploring the efficacy of a monitoring program
S.D. Mattfeldt, L.L. Bailey, E.H.C. Grant
2009, Biological Conservation (142) 720-737
Monitoring programs have the potential to identify population declines and differentiate among the possible cause(s) of these declines. Recent criticisms regarding the design of monitoring programs have highlighted a failure to clearly state objectives and to address detectability and spatial sampling issues. Here, we incorporate these criticisms to...
