Extent, configuration and diversity of burned and forested areas predict bat richness in a fire-maintained forest
R. V. Blakey, Elisabeth B. Webb, D. C. Kesler, R. B. Siegel, D. Corcoran, J. S. Cole, Matthew Johnson
2021, Landscape Ecology (36) 1101-1115
ContextFire transforms, fragments and sometimes maintains forests, creating mosaics of burned and unburned patches. Highly mobile animals respond to resources in the landscape at a variety of spatial scales, yet we know little about their landscape-scale relationships with fire.ObjectivesWe aimed to identify drivers of bat richness...
Evidence of economical territory selection in a cooperative carnivore
Sarah N. Sells, Michael S. Mitchell, Kevin M. Podruzny, Justin A. Gude, Allison Keever, Diane K. Boyd, T.D. Smucker, Abigail A. Nelson, Tyler W. Parks, Nathan J. Lance, Michael S. Ross, Robert M. Inman
2021, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences (288)
As an outcome of natural selection, animals are probably adapted to select territories economically by maximizing benefits and minimizing costs of territory ownership. Theory and empirical precedent indicate that a primary benefit of many territories is exclusive access to food resources, and primary costs of defending and using space are...
Weather and distance to fire refugia limit landscape‐level occurrence of fungal disease in an exotic annual grass
Cara Applestein, Allison Barbara Simler-Williamson, Matthew J. Germino
2021, Journal of Ecology (109) 2247-2260
The enemy release hypothesis proposes that invasion by exotic plant species is driven by their release from natural enemies (i.e. herbivores and pathogens) in their introduced ranges. However, in many cases, natural enemies, which may be introduced or managed to regulate invasive species, may fail to impact target host...
Global political responsibility for the conservation of albatrosses and large petrels
Martin Beal, Maria P. Dias, Richard A. Phillips, Steffen Oppel, Carolina Hazin, Elizabeth J. Pearmin, Josh Adams, David J Anderson, Michelle Antolos, Javier A Arata, Jose Manuel Arcos, John P. Y. Arnould, Jill Awkerman, Elizabeth Bell, Mike Bell, Mark Carey, Ryan Carle, Thomas A Clay, Jaimie Cleeland, Valentina Colodro, Melinda G. Conners, Marta Cruz-Flores, Richard Cuthbert, Karine Delord, Lorna Deppe, Ben J Dilley, Herculano A. Dinis, Graeme Elliot, Fernanda de Felipe, Jonathan J. Felis, Manuela G. Forero, Amanda Freeman, Akira Fukuda, Jacob Gonzalez-Solis, Jose Pedro Granadeiro, April Hedd, Peter Hodum, Jose Manuel Igual, Audrey Jaeger, Todd J Landers, Le Corre Matthieu, Azwianewi Makhado, Benjamin Metzger, Teresa Militao, William A Montevecchi, Virginia Morera-Pujol, Leia Navarro-Herrero, Deon Nel, David Nicholls, Daniel Oro, Ridha Ouni, Kiyoaki Ozaki, Flavio Quintana, Raul Ramos, Tim Reid, Jose Manuel Reyes-Gonzalez, Christopher Robertson, Graham Robertson, Mohamed Salah Romdhane, Peter G. Ryan, Paul Sagar, Fumio Sato, Stefan Schoombie, R. Paul Scofield, Scott A. Shaffer, Nirmal Jivan Shah, Kim L Stevens, Christopher Surman, Robert M. Suryan, Akinori Takahashi, Vikash Tatayah, Graeme Taylor, David R. Thompson, Leigh Torres, Kath Walker, Ross M. Wanless, Susan M. Waugh, Henri Weimerskirch, Takashi Yamamoto, Zuzana Zajkova, Laura Zango, Paulo Catry
2021, Science Advances (7)
Migratory marine species cross political borders and enter the high seas, where the lack of an effective global management framework for biodiversity leaves them vulnerable to threats. Here, we combine 10,108 tracks from 5775 individual birds at 87 sites with data on breeding population sizes to estimate the relative year-round...
The smell of success: Reproductive success related to rub behavior in brown bears
Andrea T. Morehouse, Anne E. Loosen, Tabitha A. Graves, Mark S. Boyce
2021, PLoSOne (16)
Several species of bears are known to rub deliberately against trees and other objects, but little is known about why bears rub. Patterns in rubbing behavior of male and female brown bears (Ursus arctos) suggest that scent marking via rubbing functions to communicate among potential mates or competitors. Using DNA...
Chapter A6.4. Measurement of pH
U. S. Geological Survey
2021, Techniques and Methods 9-A6.4
The “National Field Manual for the Collection of Water-Quality Data” (NFM) provides guidelines and procedures for U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) personnel who collect data used to assess the quality of the Nation’s surface-water and groundwater resources. This chapter, NFM A6.4, provides guidance and protocols for the measurement of pH of...
Procedures for field data collection, processing, quality assurance and quality control, and archiving of relative- and absolute-gravity surveys
Jeffrey R. Kennedy, Donald R. Pool, Robert L. Carruth
2021, Techniques and Methods 2-D4
Repeat microgravity surveys carried out using relative- and absolute-gravity meters are useful for identifying changes in subsurface mass, such as the volume of water stored in an aquifer. These surveys require careful field procedures to achieve the part-per-billion accuracy required to measure the small changes in gravity relevant for hydrologic...
Ecology of an isolated muskrat population during regional population declines
Laken S. Ganoe, Matt J. Lovallo, Justin D. Brown, W. David Walter
2021, Northeastern Naturalist (28) 49-64
Evidence indicating a decline in muskrat populations in the United States during the past 40 years has led to speculation regarding factors influencing muskrat survival. In order to understand population dynamics and survival, it is important to first define the ecology of local populations. We investigated the dwelling structure use,...
Aerial strip-transect surveys: Indexing autumn–winter waterbird abundance and distribution in South Carolina
Beth Ross, G.L. Wilkerson, M.R. Kneece, N.M. Masto, P.D. Gerard, R.M. Kaminski
2021, Journal of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (8) 89-100
Aerial surveys integrating probability-based sample designs have been implemented successfully to estimate relative abundance of wintering ducks in Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Missouri, but these approaches have not been evaluated in the Atlantic Flyway except for American black ducks (Anas rubripes) along the Atlantic coast. Furthermore, these surveys have not...
Compilation of information on occurrence and conservation status for the freshwater mussel fauna of Nebraska, Kansas, and Oklahoma
Natasha B. Carr, Tammy S. Fancher
2021, Data Series 1133
The purpose of this data series is to compile information on the occurrence and conservation status of the freshwater mussel fauna of Nebraska, Kansas, and Oklahoma and to map the distribution of a freshwater mussel assemblage for the U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management Rapid Ecoregional Assessment...
Tarentola annularis (white-spotted wall gecko)
Samuel R Fisher, Chelsea E Martin, Robert N. Fisher
2021, Herpetological Review (52) 85
USA: CALIFORNIA: Orange Co.: San Juan Capistrano (33.51°N,117.66°W; WGS 84). 25 August 2020. Samuel Fisher, Chelsea Martin, Robert Fisher. Verified by Gregory B. Pauly. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County (LACM 191974). New county record. One juvenile (33 mm SVL) was collected, and another juvenile was seen 40 m...
Cloud water interception in Hawai‘i: Developing capacity to characterize the spatial patterns and effects on water and ecological processes responses in Hawai‘i
Han Tseng, Lucas Berio Fortini, Alan Mair, Aurora Kagawa-Viviani, Stephanie G. Yelenik, Yoshiyuki Miyazawa, Michael A Nullet, Joseph Kennedy, John DeLay, Christina Leopold, Thomas Giambelluca
2021, Report, Pacific Island Climate Adaptation Science Center Final Technical Report
Cloud-water interception (CWI) is the process by which fog or cloud water droplets are captured and accumulate on the leaves and branches of plants, some of which drips to the ground. Prior studies in Hawai'i indicate that CWI is highly variable and can contribute substantially to total precipitation. In this...
Characterization of deep-sea coral and sponge communities in Greater Farallones National Marine Sanctuary: Point Arena South Essential Fish Habitat Conservation Area and New Amendment 28 Areas
Kaitlin Graiff, Jan Roletto, Sage Tezak, Gary E. Williams, Guy R. Cochrane
2021, Report
This report summarizes samples collected during a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) cruise conducted in October 2019 on board E/V Nautilus. Areas sampled in Greater Farallones National Marine Sanctuary included areas proposed for fisheries management zoning in the Point Arena South (PAS) Essential Fish Habitat Conservation Area (EFH). Dive planning targeted...
Avoidance of cold-, cool-, and warm-water fishes to Zequanox® exposure
Matthew T. Barbour, James A. Luoma, Todd J. Severson, Jeremy K. Wise, Barbara Bennie
2021, Management of Biological Invasions (12) 96-107
Zequanox® is a biopesticide registered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the Canadian Pest Management Regulatory Agency for controlling dreissenid mussels with demonstrated selective toxicity. However, some research has indicated that Zequanox may impact the body condition and survival of some non-target species. We assessed avoidance behaviors of...
Comparing tree-ring based reconstructions of snowpack variability at different scales for the Navajo Nation
Rebecca Lynn Brice, Christopher H. Guiterman, Connie A. Woodhouse, Carlee McClellan, Paul Sheppard
2021, Climate Services (22)
Snowpack in the western U.S. is on the decline, largely attributed to increasing temperatures in the region. This is a critical issue for many Native American communities who disproportionately rely on local snow-fed water supplies. In light of a combined ongoing drought...
Mixed-stock analysis in the age of genomics: Rapture genotyping enables evaluation of stock-specific exploitation in a freshwater fish population with weak genetic structure
Peter T. Euclide, Tom MacDougall, Jason M. Robinson, Matthew D. Faust, Chris C. Wilson, Kuan-Yu Chen, Elizabeth A. Marschall, Wesley Larson, Stuart A. Ludsin
2021, Evolutionary Applications (14) 1403-1420
Mixed-stock analyses using genetic markers have informed fisheries management in cases where strong genetic differentiation occurs among local spawning populations, yet many fisheries are supported by multiple spawning stocks that are weakly differentiated. Freshwater fisheries exemplify this problem, with many harvested populations supported by multiple stocks of young evolutionary age...
U–Pb zircon eruption age of the Old Crow tephra and review of extant age constraints
Seth D. Burgess, Jorge A. Vazquez, Christopher F. Waythomas, Kristi L. Wallace
2021, Quaternary Geochronology (66)
Eruption of the Old Crow tephra deposited ~200 km3 of volcanic ash throughout Alaska and the northwestern Yukon (eastern Beringia), providing an isochronous marker across the region on a scale unique in the Pleistocene. The Old Crow tephra represents a critical temporal piercing point used...
The influence of land cover and storm magnitude on hydrologic flowpath activation and runoff generation in steep tropical catchments of central Panama
Andrew L. Birch, Robert Stallard, Sidney A. Bush, Holly R. Barnard
2021, Journal of Hydrology (596)
Despite abundant research documenting that land use/land cover (LULC) have substantial impacts on the hydrology of humid tropical systems, field-based evidence for the physical mechanisms behind these impacts are still lacking. In particular, our understanding of the hydrologic flowpaths that generate runoff in these...
Composition and distribution of fish environmental DNA in an Adirondack watershed
Robert S. Cornman, James E. McKenna Jr., Jennifer A. Fike
2021, PeerJ (9)
BackgroundEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) surveys are appealing options for monitoring aquatic biodiversity. While factors affecting eDNA persistence, capture and amplification have been heavily studied, watershed-scale surveys of fish communities and our confidence in such need further exploration.MethodsWe characterized fish eDNA compositions using rapid, low-volume filtering with replicate and control...
Subducting oceanic basement roughness impacts on upper plate tectonic structure and a backstop splay fault zone activated in the southern Kodiak aftershock region of the Mw 9.2, 1964 megathrust rupture, Alaska
Anne Krabbenhoeft, Roland E. von Huene, John J. Miller, Dirk Klaeschen
2021, Geosphere (17) 409-437
In 1964, the Alaska margin ruptured in a giant Mw 9.2 megathrust earthquake, the 2nd largest during worldwide instrumental recording. The coseismic slip and aftershock region offshore Kodiak Island was surveyed in 1977 – 1981 to understand the region’s tectonics. We re-processed multichannel seismic (MCS) field data using current standard...
Accommodating the role of site memory in dynamic species distribution models
Graziella Vittoria DiRenzo, David A. W. Miller, Blake R. Hossack, Brent H. Sigafus, Paige E. Howell, Erin L. Muths, Evan H. Campbell Grant
2021, Ecology (102)
First-order dynamic occupancy models (FODOMs) are a class of state-space model in which the true state (occurrence) is observed imperfectly. An important assumption of FODOMs is that site dynamics only depend on the current state and that variations in dynamic processes are adequately captured with covariates...
Mineral commodity summaries 2021
U.S. Geological Survey
2021, Report
IntroductionEach mineral commodity chapter of the 2021 edition of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Mineral Commodity Summaries (MCS) includes information on events, trends, and issues for each mineral commodity as well as discussions and tabular presentations on domestic industry structure, Government programs, tariffs, 5-year salient statistics, and world production and...
Volcanic Aquifers of Hawai‘i—Construction and calibration of numerical models for assessing groundwater availability on Kaua‘i, O‘ahu, and Maui
Scot K. Izuka, Kolja Rotzoll, Tracy Nishikawa
2021, Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5126
Steady-state numerical groundwater-flow models were constructed for the islands of Kaua‘i, O‘ahu, and Maui to enable quantification of the hydrologic consequences of withdrawals and other stresses that can place limits on groundwater availability. The volcanic aquifers of Hawai‘i supply nearly all drinking water for the islands’ residents, freshwater for diverse...
Improved Automated Identification and Mapping of Iron Sulfate Minerals, Other Mineral Groups, and Vegetation using Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager Data, San Juan Mountains, Colorado, and Four Corners Region
Barnaby W. Rockwell, William R. Gnesda, Albert H. Hofstra
2021, Scientific Investigations Map 3466
Multispectral remote sensing data acquired by the Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) sensor were analyzed using a new, automated technique to generate a map of exposed mineral and vegetation groups in the western San Juan Mountains, Colo., and the Four Corners Region of the United States. Band ratio results...
Animal reservoirs and hosts for emerging alphacoronaviruses and betacoronaviruses
Ria R. Ghai, Ann Carpenter, Amanda Y. Liew, Krystalyn B. Martin, Meghan K. Herring, Susan I. Gerber, Aron J. Hall, Jonathan M. Sleeman, Sophie VonDobschuetz, Casey Barton Behravesh
2021, Emerging Infectious Diseases (27) 1015-1022
The ongoing global pandemic caused by coronavirus disease has once again demonstrated the role of the family Coronaviridae in causing human disease outbreaks. Because severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was first detected in December 2019, information on its tropism, host range, and clinical manifestations in animals is limited. Given the limited...
