Response of Sandhill Crane (Grus canadensis) riverine roosting habitat to changes in stage and sandbar morphology
P.J. Kinzel, J. M. Nelson, A.K. Heckman
2009, River Research and Applications (25) 135-152
Over the past century, flow regulation and vegetation encroachment have reduced active channel widths along the central Platte River, Nebraska. During the last two decades, an annual program of in-channel vegetation management has been implemented to stabilize or expand active channel widths. Vegetation management practices are intended to enhance riverine...
Simulating the recovery of suspended sediment transport and river-bed stability in response to dam removal on the Elwha River, Washington
C.P. Konrad
2009, Ecological Engineering (35) 1104-1115
U.S. Department of the Interior is planning to remove two high dams (30 and 60 m) from the Elwha River, which will allow the river to erode sediment deposits in the reservoirs, and ultimately restore the river ecosystem. Fluvial sediment transport and deposition paradoxically represent ecological disturbance and restoration. A...
Helmand river hydrologic studies using ALOS PALSAR InSAR and ENVISAT altimetry
Zhong Lu, J.-W. Kim, H. Lee, C. K. Shum, J. Duan, M. Ibaraki, O. Akyilmaz, C.-H. Read
2009, Marine Geodesy (32) 320-333
The Helmand River wetland represents the only fresh-water resource in southern Afghanistan and one of the least mapped water basins in the world. The relatively narrow wetland consists of mostly marshes surrounded by dry lands. In this study, we demonstrate the use of the Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) Phased...
Time budgets of Snow Geese Chen caerulescens and Ross's Geese Chen rossii in mixed flocks: Implications of body size, ambient temperature and family associations
J.E. Jonsson, A. D. Afton
2009, Ibis (151) 134-144
Body size affects foraging and forage intake rates directly via energetic processes and indirectly through interactions with social status and social behaviour. Ambient temperature has a relatively greater effect on the energetics of smaller species, which also generally are more vulnerable to predator attacks than are larger species. We examined...
Integration of MODIS-derived metrics to assess interannual variability in snowpack, lake ice, and NDVI in southwest Alaska
Bradley C. Reed, Michael E. Budde, Page Spencer, Amy E. Miller
2009, Remote Sensing of Environment (113) 1443-1452
Impacts of global climate change are expected to result in greater variation in the seasonality of snowpack, lake ice, and vegetation dynamics in southwest Alaska. All have wide-reaching physical and biological ecosystem effects in the region. We used Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) calibrated radiance, snow cover extent, and vegetation...
Essentials of iron, chromium, and calcium isotope analysis of natural materials by thermal ionization mass spectrometry
M.S. Fantle, T.D. Bullen
2009, Chemical Geology (258) 50-64
The use of isotopes to understand the behavior of metals in geological, hydrological, and biological systems has rapidly expanded in recent years. One of the mass spectrometric techniques used to analyze metal isotopes is thermal ionization mass spectrometry, or TIMS. While TIMS has been a useful analytical technique for the...
Impacts of weathered tire debris on the development of Rana sylvatica larvae
K.M. Camponelli, R.E. Casey, J.W. Snodgrass, S.M. Lev, E. R. Landa
2009, Chemosphere (74) 717-722
Highway runoff has the potential to negatively impact receiving systems including stormwater retention ponds where highway particulate matter can accumulate following runoff events. Tire wear particles, which contain about 1% Zn by mass, make up approximately one-third of the vehicle derived particulates in highway runoff and therefore may serve as...
A critical evaluation of crustal dehydration as the cause of an overpressured and weak San Andreas Fault
P.M. Fulton, D.M. Saffer, B.A. Bekins
2009, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (284) 447-454
Many plate boundary faults, including the San Andreas Fault, appear to slip at unexpectedly low shear stress. One long-standing explanation for a "weak" San Andreas Fault is that fluid release by dehydration reactions during regional metamorphism generates elevated fluid pressures that are localized within the fault, reducing the effective normal...
Elevated CO2 enhances biological contributions to elevation change in coastal wetlands by offsetting stressors associated with sea-level rise
J. A. Cherry, K.L. McKee, J.B. Grace
2009, Journal of Ecology (97) 67-77
1. Sea-level rise, one indirect consequence of increasing atmospheric CO2, poses a major challenge to long-term stability of coastal wetlands. An important question is whether direct effects of elevated CO 2 on the capacity of marsh plants to accrete organic material and to maintain surface elevations outweigh indirect negative effects...
Relatedness and social organization of coypus in the Argentinean pampas
J.I. Tunez, M.L. Guichon, D. Centron, A.P. Henderson, C. Callahan, M.H. Cassini
2009, Molecular Ecology (18) 147-155
Behavioural and trapping studies of the social organization of coypus have suggested the occurrence of kin groups and a polygynous mating system. We used 16 microsatellite markers to analyse parentage and relatedness relationships in two populations (J??uregui and Villa Ruiz) in the Argentinean Pampas. At J??uregui, a dominant male monopolized...
How processing digital elevation models can affect simulated water budgets
E. L. Kuniansky, M.A. Lowery, B. G. Campbell
2009, Ground Water (47) 97-107
For regional models, the shallow water table surface is often used as a source/sink boundary condition, as model grid scale precludes simulation of the water table aquifer. This approach is appropriate when the water table surface is relatively stationary. Since water table surface maps are not readily available, the elevation...
Coastal ocean transport patterns in the central Southern California Bight
M.A. Noble, K.J. Rosenberger, P. Hamilton, J. P. Xu
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 193-226
In the past decade, several large programs that monitor currents and transport patterns for periods from a few months to a few years were conducted by a consortium of university, federal, state, and municipal agencies in the central Southern California Bight, a heavily urbanized section of the coastal ocean off...
Determination of diffusion coefficients of hydrogen in fused silica between 296 and 523 K by Raman spectroscopy and application of fused silica capillaries in studying redox reactions
L. Shang, I-Ming Chou, W. Lu, Robert Burruss, Y. Zhang
2009, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (73) 5435-5443
Diffusion coefficients (D) of hydrogen in fused silica capillaries (FSC) were determined between 296 and 523 K by Raman spectroscopy using CO2 as an internal standard. FSC capsules (3.25 × 10−4 m OD, 9.9 × 10−5 m ID, and ∼0.01 m long) containing CO2 and H2were prepared and the initial relative concentrations of hydrogen in these capsules were derived from...
Interactive effects of fire, soil climate, and moss on CO2 fluxes in black spruce ecosystems of interior Alaska
J. A. O'Donnell, M.R. Turetsky, J.W. Harden, K.L. Manies, L.E. Pruett, G. Shetler, J. C. Neff
2009, Ecosystems (12) 57-72
Fire is an important control on the carbon (C) balance of the boreal forest region. Here, we present findings from two complementary studies that examine how fire modifies soil organic matter properties, and how these modifications influence rates of decomposition and C exchange in black spruce (Picea mariana) ecosystems of...
Exhumation along the Fairweather fault, southeastern Alaska, based on low-temperature thermochronometry
R.J. McAleer, J.A. Spotila, E. Enkelmann, A.L. Berger
2009, Tectonics (28)
The southern Alaskan syntaxis marks the spectacular junction between the >1000-km-long Pacific-North America transform margin and the Chugach-St. Elias belt, where subduction and terrane accretion drive rapid convergent deformation and rock uplift. New low-temperature thermochronometry reveals that intense orogenic deformation is not restricted to one side of the syntaxis but...
TreeMAC: Localized TDMA MAC protocol for real-time high-data-rate sensor networks
W.-Z. Song, R. Huang, B. Shirazi, R. LaHusen
2009, Pervasive and Mobile Computing (5) 750-765
Earlier sensor network MAC protocols focus on energy conservation in low-duty cycle applications, while some recent applications involve real-time high-data-rate signals. This motivates us to design an innovative localized TDMA MAC protocol to achieve high throughput and low congestion in data collection sensor networks, besides energy conservation. TreeMAC divides a...
Diverse lavas from closely spaced volcanoes drawing from a common parent: Emmons Lake Volcanic Center, Eastern Aleutian Arc
M. Mangan, T. Miller, C. Waythomas, F. Trusdell, A. Calvert, P. Layer
2009, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (287) 363-372
Emmons Lake Volcanic Center (ELVC) on the lower Alaskan Peninsula is one of the largest and most diverse volcanic centers in the Aleutian Arc. Since the Middle Pleistocene, eruption of ~ 350 km3 of basalt through rhyolite has produced a 30 km, arc front chain of nested calderas and overlapping...
Surveillance for transmissible spongiform encephalopathy in scavengers of white-tailed deer carcasses in the chronic wasting disease area of wisconsin
C.S. Jennelle, M.D. Samuel, C.A. Nolden, D.P. Keane, D.J. Barr, Chad Johnson, J.P. Vanderloo, Judd M. Aiken, A.N. Hamir, E.A. Hoover
2009, Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A (72) 1018-1024
Chronic wasting disease (CWD), a class of neurodegenerative transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) occurring in cervids, is found in a number of states and provinces across North America. Misfolded prions, the infectious agents of CWD, are deposited in the environment via carcass remains and excreta, and pose a threat of cross-species...
Deficit irrigation of a landscape halophyte for reuse of saline waste water in a desert city
E. P. Glenn, C. Mckeon, V. Gerhart, P.L. Nagler, F. Jordan, J. Artiola
2009, Landscape and Urban Planning (89) 57-64
Saline waste waters from industrial and water treatment processes are an under-utilized resource in desert urban environments. Management practices to safely use these water sources are still in development. We used a deeprooted native halophyte, Atriplex lentiformis (quailbush), to absorb mildly saline effluent (1800 mg l-1 total dissolved solids, mainly...
A one-dimensional heat-transport model for conduit flow in karst aquifers
Andrew J. Long, P.C. Gilcrease
2009, Journal of Hydrology (378) 230-239
A one-dimensional heat-transport model for conduit flow in karst aquifers is presented as an alternative to two or three-dimensional distributed-parameter models, which are data intensive and require knowledge of conduit locations. This model can be applied for cases where water temperature in a well or spring receives all or part...
Concentrations and loads of suspended sediment-associated pesticides in the San Joaquin River, California and tributaries during storm events
M.L. Hladik, Joseph L. Domagalski, K.M. Kuivila
2009, Science of the Total Environment (408) 356-364
Current-use pesticides associated with suspended sediments were measured in the San Joaquin River, California and its tributaries during two storm events in 2008. Nineteen pesticides were detected: eight herbicides, nine insecticides, one fungicide and one insecticide synergist. Concentrations for the herbicides (0.1 to 3000 ng/g; median of 6.1 ng/g) were...
Freshwater mussels (Unionidae) in the headwaters of Chipola River, Houston County, Alabama
J.T. Garner, S.W. McGregor, T.A. Tarpley, M.L. Buntin
2009, Southeastern Naturalist (8) 687-694
Big and Cowarts creeks lie in extreme southeastern Alabama and form the headwaters of Chipola River. Qualitative and quantitative sampling for freshwater mussels in these reaches during 2006 and 2007 revealed an intact fauna, relative to historical reports. A cumulative total of 17 species, including federally protected Elliptio chipolaensis (Chipola...
Late Quaternary sediment-accumulation rates within the inner basins of the California Continental Borderland in support of geologic hazard evaluation
W. R. Normark, M. McGann, R. W. Sliter
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 117-139
An evaluation of the geologic hazards of the inner California Borderland requires determination of the timing for faulting and mass-movement episodes during the Holocene. Our effort focused on basin slopes and turbidite systems on the basin floors for the area between Santa Barbara and San Diego, California. Dating condensed sections...
Recent developments in understanding the tectonic evolution of the Southern California offshore area: Implications for earthquake-hazard analysis
M. A. Fisher, V.E. Langenheim, C. Nicholson, H. F. Ryan, R. W. Sliter
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 229-250
During late Mesozoic and Cenozoic time, three main tectonic episodes affected the Southern California offshore area. Each episode imposed its unique structural imprint such that early-formed structures controlled or at least influenced the location and development of later ones. This cascaded structural inheritance greatly complicates analysis of the extent, orientation,...
Integrated sequence stratigraphy of the postimpact sediments from the Eyreville core holes, Chesapeake Bay impact structure inner basin
James V. Browning, K.G. Miller, P.P. McLaughlin Jr., Lucy E. Edwards, A.A. Kulpecz, David S. Powars, B.S. Wade, M.D. Feigenson, J.D. Wright
2009, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 775-810
The Eyreville core holes provide the first continuously cored record of postimpact sequences from within the deepest part of the central Chesapeake Bay impact crater. We analyzed the upper Eocene to Pliocene postimpact sediments from the...
