Ground-motion modeling of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, part I: Validation using the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake
Brad T. Aagaard, T.M. Brocher, D. Dolenc, D. Dreger, R.W. Graves, S. Harmsen, S. Hartzell, S. Larsen, M.L. Zoback
2008, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (98) 989-1011
We compute ground motions for the Beroza (1991) and Wald et al. (1991) source models of the 1989 magnitude 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake using four different wave-propagation codes and recently developed 3D geologic and seismic velocity models. In preparation for modeling the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, we use this well-recorded...
Distribution and environmental limitations of an amphibian pathogen in the Rocky Mountains, USA
E. Muths, D. S. Pilliod, L.J. Livo
2008, Biological Conservation (141) 1484-1492
Amphibian populations continue to be imperiled by the chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis). Understanding where B. dendrobatidis (Bd) occurs and how it may be limited by environmental factors is critical to our ability to effectively conserve the amphibians affected by Bd. We sampled 1247 amphibians (boreal toads and surrogates) at 261...
Comparison of rainbow smelt age estimates from fin rays and otoliths
M. G. Walsh, A.P. Maloy, T. P. O’Brien
2008, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (28) 42-49
Rainbow smelt Osmerus mordax, although nonnative, are an important component of the offshore food web in the Laurentian Great Lakes. In Lake Ontario, we estimate ages of rainbow smelt annually to study population dynamics such as year-class strength and age-specific growth and mortality. Since the early 1980s, we have used...
Quaternary paleoceanography of the central Arctic based on Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Arctic Coring Expedition 302 foraminiferal assemblages
T. M. Cronin, S.A. Smith, F. Eynaud, M. O’Regan, J. King
2008, Paleoceanography (23)
The Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Arctic Coring Expedition (ACEX) Hole 4C from the Lomonosov Ridge in the central Arctic Ocean recovered a continuous 18 in record of Quaternary foraminifera yielding evidence for seasonally ice-free interglacials during the Matuyama, progressive development of large glacials during the mid-Pleistocene transition (MPT) ???1.2-0.9...
Analysis of an unconfined aquifer subject to asynchronous dual-tide propagation
K. Rotzoll, A. I. El-Kadi, S. B. Gingerich
2008, Ground Water (46) 239-250
Most published solutions for aquifer responses to ocean tides focus on the one-sided attenuation of the signal as it propagates inland. However, island aquifers experience periodic forcing from the entire coast, which can lead to integrated effects of different tidal signals, especially on narrow high-permeability islands. In general, studies disregard...
Cloned embryos from semen. Part 2: Intergeneric nuclear transfer of semen-derived eland (Taurotragus oryx) epithelial cells into bovine oocytes
L. Nel-Themaat, M.C. Gomez, C.E. Pope, M. Lopez, G. Wirtu, J.A. Jenkins, A. Cole, B.L. Dresser, K.R. Bondioli, R.A. Godke
2008, Cloning and Stem Cells (10) 161-172
The production of cloned offspring by nuclear transfer (NT) of semen-derived somatic cells holds considerable potential for the incorporation of novel genes into endangered species populations. Because oocytes from endangered species are scarce, domestic species oocytes are often used as cytoplasts for interspecies NT. In the present study, epithelial cells...
Utilizing geochemical, hydrologic, and boron isotopic data to assess the success of a salinity and selenium remediation project, Upper Colorado River Basin, Utah
D. L. Naftz, T.D. Bullen, Bernard J. Stolp, C.D. Wilkowske
2008, Science of the Total Environment (392) 1-11
Stream discharge and geochemical data were collected at two sites along lower Ashley Creek, Utah, from 1999 to 2003, to assess the success of a site specific salinity and Se remediation project. The remediation project involved the replacement of a leaking sewage lagoon system that was interacting with Mancos Shale...
A review of the endemic Hawaiian Drosophilidae and their host plants
K.N. Magnacca, D. Foote, P. M. O’Grady
2008, Zootaxa 1-58
The Hawaiian Drosophilidae is one of the best examples of rapid speciation in nature. Nearly 1,000 species of endemic drosophilids have evolved in situ in Hawaii since a single colonist arrived over 25 million years ago. A number of mechanisms, including ecological adaptation, sexual selection, and geographic isolation, have been...
Effectiveness of lethal, directed wolf-depredation control in Minnesota
E. K. Harper, W.J. Paul, L.D. Mech, S. Weisberg
2008, Journal of Wildlife Management (72) 778-784
Wolf (Canis lupus) depredations on livestock in Minnesota, USA, are an economic problem for many livestock producers, and depredating wolves are lethally controlled. We sought to determine the effectiveness of lethal control through the analysis of data from 923 government-verified wolf depredations from 1979 to 1998. We analyzed the data...
The influence of trap density and sampling duration on the detection of small mammal species richness
Jonathan M. Conrad, Jeremy A. Baumgardt, Philip S. Gipson, Donald P. Althoff
2008, Acta Theriologica (53) 143-156
Assessing species richness of small mammal communities is an important research objective for many live-trapping studies designed to assess or monitor biological diversity. We tested the effectiveness and efficiency of various trap densities for determining estimates and counts of small mammal species richness. Trapping was conducted in grassland habitats in...
Observations of mixed-aged litters in brown bears
J. E. Swenson, M.A. Haroldson
2008, Ursus (19) 73-79
We report on 3 cases of mixed-aged litters (young born in different years) in brown bears (Ursus arctos); in 1 instance the cub-of-the-year (hereafter called cubs) died in the den. Two cases occurred in Sweden after mothers were separated from their young during the breeding season. In one, the mother...
Estimation of groundwater and nutrient fluxes to the Neuse River estuary, North Carolina
T.B. Spruill, J.F. Bratton
2008, Estuaries and Coasts (31) 501-520
A study was conducted between April 2004 and September 2005 to estimate groundwater and nutrient discharge to the Neuse River estuary in North Carolina. The largest groundwater fluxes were observed to occur generally within 20 m of the shoreline. Groundwater flux estimates based on seepage meter measurements ranged from 2.86??108...
Physical properties of sediments from Keathley Canyon and Atwater Valley, JIP Gulf of Mexico gas hydrate drilling program
William J. Winters, Brandon Dugan, Timothy S. Collett
2008, Marine and Petroleum Geology (25) 896-905
Physical property measurements and consolidation behavior are different between sediments from Atwater Valley and Keathley Canyon in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Void ratio and bulk density of Atwater Valley sediment from a seafloor mound (holes ATM1 and ATM2) show little effective stress (or depth) dependence to 27 meters below seafloor...
The Breccia Museo formation, Campi Flegrei, southern Italy: Geochronology, chemostratigraphy and relationship with the Campanian Ignimbrite eruption
L. Fedele, C. Scarpati, M. Lanphere, L. Melluso, V. Morra, A. Perrotta, G. Ricci
2008, Bulletin of Volcanology (70) 1189-1219
The Breccia Museo is one of the most debated volcanic formations of the Campi Flegrei volcanic district. The deposit, made up of six distinctive stratigraphic units, has been interpreted by some as the proximal facies of the major caldera-forming Campanian Ignimbrite eruption, and by others as the product of...
Dry down impacts on apple snail (Pomacea paludosa) demography: Implications for wetland water management
P.C. Darby, R.E. Bennetts, H.F. Percival
2008, Wetlands (28) 204-214
Florida apple snails (Pomacea paludosa Say) are prey for several wetland-dependent predators, most notably for the endangered Florida snail kite (Rostrhamus sociabilis Vieillot). Management concerns for kites have been raised regarding the impacts of wetland dry downs on snails, but little data exists to validate these concerns. We simulated drying...
Probabilistic seismic hazard in the San Francisco Bay area based on a simplified viscoelastic cycle model of fault interactions
F. F. Pollitz, David P. Schwartz
2008, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (113)
We construct a viscoelastic cycle model of plate boundary deformation that includes the effect of time-dependent interseismic strain accumulation, coseismic strain release, and viscoelastic relaxation of the substrate beneath the seismogenic crust. For a given fault system, time-averaged stress changes at any point (not on a fault) are constrained to...
Mantle structure beneath the western edge of the Colorado Plateau
C.R. Sine, D. Wilson, W. Gao, S.P. Grand, R. Aster, J. Ni, W.S. Baldridge
2008, Geophysical Research Letters (35)
Teleseismic traveltime data are inverted for mantle Vp and Vs variations beneath a 1400 km long line of broadband seismometers extending from eastern New Mexico to western Utah. The model spans 600 km beneath the moho with resolution of ~50 km. Inversions show a sharp, large-magnitude velocity contrast across the...
Soil sail content estimation in the Yellow River delta with satellite hyperspectral data
Yongling Weng, Peng Gong, Zhi-Liang Zhu
2008, Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing (34) 259-270
Soil salinization is one of the most common land degradation processes and is a severe environmental hazard. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the potential of predicting salt content in soils with hyperspectral data acquired with EO-1 Hyperion. Both partial least-squares regression (PLSR) and conventional multiple linear...
Analytical validation of a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test for Pan-American lineage H7 subtype Avian influenza viruses
Erica Spackman, Hon S. Ip, D.L. Suarez, R.D. Slemons, D.E. Stallknecht
2008, Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation (20) 612-616
A real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test for the identification of the H7 subtype in North American Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) was first reported in 2002; however, recent AIV surveillance efforts in wild birds and H7 outbreaks in poultry demonstrated that the 2002 test did not detect all H7...
Temporal evolution of continental lithospheric strength in actively deforming regions
W. Thatcher, F. F. Pollitz
2008, GSA Today (18) 4-11
It has been agreed for nearly a century that a strong, load-bearing outer layer of earth is required to support mountain ranges, transmit stresses to deform active regions and store elastic strain to generate earthquakes. However the dept and extent of this strong layer remain controversial. Here we use a...
Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene lake-level fluctuations in the Lahontan Basin, Nevada: Implications for the distribution of archaeological sites
K.D. Adams, Thomas Goebel, K. Graf, G.M. Smith, A.J. Camp, R.W. Briggs, D. Rhode
2008, Geoarchaeology (23) 608-643
The Great Basin of the western U.S. contains a rich record of late Pleistocene and Holocene lake-level fluctuations as well as an extensive record of human occupation during the same time frame. We compare spatial-temporal relationships between these records in the Lahontan basin to consider whether lake-level fluctuations across the...
Relative importance of natural disturbances and habitat degradation on snail kite population dynamics
J. Martin, W.M. Kitchens, Christopher E. Cattau, M.K. Oli
2008, Endangered Species Research (6) 25-39
Natural disturbances and habitat degradation are major factors influencing the dynamics and persistence of many wildlife populations, yet few large-scale studies have explored the relative influence of these factors on the dynamics and persistence of animal populations. We used longterm demographic data and matrix population models to examine the potential...
Tertiary tilting and dismemberment of the laramide arc and related hydrothermal systems, Sierrita Mountain, Arizona
W.J.A. Stavast, R.P. Butler, E. Seedorff, M.D. Barton, C.A. Ferguson
2008, Economic Geology (103) 629-636
Multiple lines of evidence, including new and published geologic mapping and paleomagnetic and geobarometric determinations, demonstrate that the rocks and large porphyry copper systems of the Sierrita Mountains in southern Arizona were dismembered and tilted 50?? to 60?? to the south by Tertiary normal faulting. Repetition of geologic features and...
Recent sedimentation patterns within the central Atchafalaya Basin, Louisiana
C.R. Hupp, C. R. Demas, D.E. Kroes, Richard H. Day, T.W. Doyle
2008, Wetlands (28) 125-140
Sediment deposition and storage are important functions of forested bottomlands, yet documentation and interpretation of sedimentation processes in these systems remain incomplete. Our study was located in the central Atchafalaya Basin, Louisiana, a distributary of the Mississippi River and contains the largest contiguously forested riparian wetland in North America, which...
The Ellsworth terrane, coastal Maine: Geochronology, geochemistry, and Nd-Pb isotopic composition - Implications for the rifting of Ganderia
K. J. Schulz, D. B. Stewart, R. D. Tucker, J.C. Pollock, R. A. Ayuso
2008, Geological Society of America Bulletin (120) 1134-1158
The Ellsworth terrane is one of a number of fault-bounded blocks that occur along the eastern margin of Ganderia, the western-most of the peri-Gondwanan domains in the northern Appalachians that were accreted to Laurentia in the Paleozoic. Geologic relations, detrital zircon ages, and basalt geochemistry suggest that the Ellsworth terrane...
