A simple solar radiation index for wildlife habitat studies
Kim A. Keating, Peter J. Gogan, John N. Vore, Lynn R. Irby
2007, Journal of Wildlife Management (71) 1344-1348
Solar radiation is a potentially important covariate in many wildlife habitat studies, but it is typically addressed only indirectly, using problematic surrogates like aspect or hillshade. We devised a simple solar radiation index (SRI) that combines readily available information about aspect, slope, and latitude. Our SRI is proportional to the...
The art and science of weed mapping
David T. Barnett, Thomas J. Stohlgren, Catherine S. Jarnevich, Geneva W. Chong, Jenny A. Ericson, Tracy R. Davern, Sara E. Simonson
2007, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (132) 235-252
Land managers need cost-effective and informative tools for non-native plant species management. Many local, state, and federal agencies adopted mapping systems designed to collect comparable data for the early detection and monitoring of non-native species. We compared mapping information to statistically rigorous, plot-based methods to better understand the benefits and...
Evaluating estimators for numbers of females with cubs-of-the-year in the Yellowstone grizzly bear population
S. Cherry, G.C. White, K.A. Keating, Mark A. Haroldson, Charles C. Schwartz
2007, Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics (12) 195-215
Current management of the grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) population in Yellowstone National Park and surrounding areas requires annual estimation of the number of adult female bears with cubs-of-the-year. We examined the performance of nine estimators of population size via simulation. Data were simulated using two methods for different combinations of...
Translocation and disease monitoring of wild laysan ducks
Michelle H. Reynolds, Thierry M. Work
2007, Endangered Species Bulletin (XXXII) 52-54
The Laysan duck (Anas laysanensis), also known as the Laysan teal because of its small size, is a critically endangered waterfowl species that once occurred widely across the Hawaiian Archipelago. For the past 150 years, however, it was restricted to a single population on Laysan, a 4-square-kilometer (1.5-square-mile) island with...
Distribution and grain-size partitioning of metals in bovfom sediments of an experimentally acidified Wisconsin lake
John F. Elder
2007, Water Resources Bulletin (30)
A study of concentrations and distribution of major and trace elements in surficial bottom sediments of Little Rock Lake in northern Wisconsin included examination of spatial variation and grain-size effects. No significant differences with respect to metal distribution in sediments were observed between the two basins of the lake, despite...
Volcanic fire and glacial ice: Mount Rogers National Recreation Area
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Forest Service
2007, Report
In addition to containing the highest point in Virginia (Mount Rogers, elevation 5,729 feet), the Mount Rogers National Recreation Area (NRA) of the Jefferson National Forest is a window on the history of ancient volcanic eruptions and glacial movement....
Frequency-duration analysis of dissolved-oxygen concentrations in two southwestern Wisconsin streams
Steven R. Greb, David J. Graczyk
2007, Water Resources Bulletin (31) 431-438
Historically, dissolved-oxygen (DO) data have been collected in the same manner as other water-quality constituents, typically at infrequent intervals as a grab sample or an instantaneous meter reading. Recent years have seen an increase in continuous water-quality monitoring with electronic dataloggers. This new technique requires new approaches in the statistical...
Afterword
Katherine C. Kendall
2007, Book, Mysteries in Our National Parks: The Hunted: A Mystery in Glacier National Park
No abstract available....
Effective groundwater model calibration: With analysis of data, sensitivities, predictions, and uncertainty
Mary C. Hill, Claire R. Tiedeman
2007, Book
Methods and guidelines for developing and using mathematical modelsTurn to Effective Groundwater Model Calibration for a set of methods and guidelines that can help produce more accurate and transparent mathematical models. The models can represent groundwater flow and transport and other natural and engineered systems. Use this book and its...
Zircon crystallization and recycling in the magma chamber of the rhyolitic Kos Plateau Tuff (Aegean arc)
O. Bachman, B. L. A. Charlier, J. B. Lowenstern
2007, Geology (35) 73-76
In contrast to most large-volume silicic magmas in continental arcs, which are thought to evolve as open systems with significant assimilation of preexisting crust, the Kos Plateau Tuff magma formed dominantly by crystal fractionation of mafic parents. Deposits from this ∼60 km3 pyroclastic eruption (the largest known in the Aegean arc)...
Suspended-sediment transport measurement
John R. Gray
2007, Book chapter, Encyclopedia of Water Science
Of the two operationally defined phases of fluvial-sediment transport – suspended load and bedload – collection of suspended-load data is the more common. This is a reflection of a number of factors including the general predominance of suspended load over bedload in mass transport and the greater difficulty and costs...
Vision for a worldwide fluvial-sediment information network
J. R. Gray, W. R. Osterkamp
2007, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium on River Sedimentation, August 1-4, 2007, Moscow, Russia
The nations of the world suffer both from the deleterious effects of some natural and human-altered fluxes of fluvial sediment and a lack of consistent and reliable information on the temporal and spatial occurrence of fluvial sediments. Decades ago, this difficulty was unavoidable due to a lack of understanding of...
Exploration review
D.R. Wilburn
2007, Mining Engineering (59) 37-47
This summary of international mineral exploration activities for 2006 draws upon available information from literature, industry and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) specialists. The summary provides data on exploration budgets by region and mineral commodity, identifies significant mineral discoveries and areas of mineral exploration, discusses government programs affecting the mineral exploration...
Gemstones
D.W. Olson
2007, Mining Engineering (59) 32-33
Part of the 2006 industrial minerals review. During 2006, total U.S. gemstone trade with all countries and territories exceeded $28.3 billion. Estimates indicate that U.S. gemstone markets accounted for over 35 percent of world gemstone demand in 2006. Natural gemstone production from U.S. deposits during 2006 was worth an estimated...
Magnesium compounds
D.A. Kramer
2007, Mining Engineering (59) 43-44
Seawater and natural brines accounted for about 52 percent of U.S. magnesium compounds production in 2006. Dead-burned magnesia was produced by Martin Marietta Magnesia Specialties from well brines in Michigan. Caustic-calcined magnesia was recovered from sea-water by Premier Chemicals in Florida; from well brines in Michigan by Martin Marietta and...
Applying the scientific method when assessing the influence of migratory birds on the dispersal of H5N1
Paul L. Flint
2007, Virology Journal (4)
Background The role of wild birds in the dispersal of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 continues to be the subject of considerable debate. However, some researchers functionally examining the same question are applying opposing null hypotheses when examining this issue. Discussion I describe the...
Source-rock geochemistry of the San Joaquin Basin Province, California: Chapter 11 in Petroleum systems and geologic assessment of oil and gas in the San Joaquin Basin Province, California
Kenneth E. Peters, Leslie B. Magoon, Zenon C. Valin, Paul G. Lillis
2007, Professional Paper 1713-11
Source-rock thickness and organic richness are important input parameters required for numerical modeling of the geohistory of petroleum systems. Present-day depth and thickness maps for the upper Miocene Monterey Formation, Eocene Tumey formation of Atwill (1935), Eocene Kreyenhagen Formation, and Cretaceous-Paleocene Moreno Formation source rocks in the San Joaquin Basin...
Industrial garnet
D.W. Olson
2007, Mining Engineering (59) 38-39
World production of industrial garnet was about 326 kt in 2006, with the U.S. producing about 11 percent of this total. U.S. consumption, imports, and exports were estimated at 74.3 kt, 52.3 kt, and 13.2 kt, respectively. The most important exporters are Australia, China, and India. Although demand is expected...
Ball clay
R.L. Virta
2007, Mining Engineering (59) 19-19
The article offers information on ball clay. Among the companies that mine ball clay in the U.S. are H.C. Spinks Clay, Kentucky-Tennessee Clay and Old Hickory Clay. In 2006, an estimated 1.2 million tons of the mineral was sold or used domestically and exported. Forty-percent of the total sales is...
Mineral resource of the month: steel
Michael D. Fenton
2007, Geotimes (2007)
About 96 million metric tons of steel was produced in the United States last year — more than any other metal. And the $3.46 billion of iron and steel scrap exported was also the highest of any metal scrap export, helping to reduce the U.S. trade deficit....
Mineral resource of the month: silver
William E. Brooks
2007, Geotimes (2007)
Silver has been used for thousands of years as ornaments and utensils, for trade and as the basis of many monetary systems. The metal has played an important part in world history. Silver from the mines at Laurion, Greece, for example, financed the Greek victory over the Persians in 480...
Fluorspar
M. Miller
2007, Mining Engineering (59) 30-32
Apart from some fluorspar by-product, there was no U.S. production of fluorspar in 2006. Imports were 553 kt, nearly 14 percent less than in 2005, and China was by far the largest supplier. China's changing export policy and high ocean freight rates indicate that delivered prices for fluorspar may increase...
Mineral resource of the month: wollastonite
Robert Virta, Brad Van Gosen
2007, Geotimes (2007)
When asked about wollastonite, most people respond “wollasta-what?” That’s because the wollastonite industry in the United States is relatively small and not highly publicized. Furthermore, the general public does not have any direct contact with wollastonite despite its use in many consumer products, ranging from car brakes to paint....
Nitrogen
D.A. Kramer
2007, Mining Engineering (59) 44-45
Ammonia was produced by 15 companies at 25 plants in 16 states in the United States during 2006. Fifty-seven percent of U.S. ammonia production capacity was centered in Louisiana, Oklahoma and Texas because of their large reserves of natural gas, the dominant domestic feedstock. In 2006, U.S. producers operated at...
Mineral resource of the month: zirconium and hafnium
Joseph Gambogi
2007, Geotimes (2007)
Zirconium and hafnium are corrosion-resistant metals that are grouped in the same family as titanium on the periodic table. The two elements commonly occur in oxide and silicate minerals and have significant economic importance in everything from ink, ceramics and golf shoes to nuclear fuel rods....
