Forage nutritive quality in the Serengeti ecosystem: The roles of fire and herbivory
T.M. Anderson, M.E. Ritchie, E. Mayemba, S. Eby, J.B. Grace, S.J. McNaughton
2007, American Naturalist (170) 343-357
Fire and herbivory are important determinants of nutrient availability in savanna ecosystems. Fire and herbivory effects on the nutritive quality of savanna vegetation can occur directly, independent of changes in the plant community, or indirectly, via effects on the plant community. Indirect effects can be further subdivided into those occurring...
Reappearance of deepwater sculpin in Lake Ontario: Resurgence or last gasp of a doomed population?
B.F. Lantry, R. O'Gorman, M. G. Walsh, J.M. Casselman, J.A. Hoyle, M.J. Keir, J.R. Lantry
2007, Journal of Great Lakes Research (33) 34-45
Deepwater sculpin (Myoxocephalus thompsonii) were abundant in Lake Ontario in the 1920s and at least common into the 1940s. By the 1960s they were rare and, thereafter, some considered the population extirpated even though a synoptic survey of the lake in 1972 produced three, relatively large (148–165 mm total length,...
Landscape factors influencing the spatial distribution and abundance of mosquito vector Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) in a mixed residential-agricultural community in Hawai'i
M.E. Reiter, D.A. Lapointe
2007, Journal of Medical Entomology (44) 861-868
Mosquito-borne avian diseases, principally avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum Grassi and Feletti) and avian pox (Avipoxvirus sp.) have been implicated as the key limiting factor associated with recent declines of endemic avifauna in the Hawaiian Island archipelago. We present data on the relative abundance, infection status, and spatial distribution of the...
Use of laboratory studies to develop a dispersal model for Missouri River pallid sturgeon early life intervals
B. Kynard, E. Parker, D. Pugh, T. Parker
2007, Journal of Applied Ichthyology (23) 365-374
Understanding the drift dynamics of pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) early life intervals is critical to evaluating damming effects on sturgeons. However, studying dispersal behavior is difficult in rivers. In stream tanks, we studied the effect of velocity on dispersal and holding ability, estimated swimming height, and used the data to...
Oceanography of Glacier Bay, Alaska: Implications for biological patterns in a glacial fjord estuary
L.L. Etherington, P.N. Hooge, Elizabeth Ross Hooge, D.F. Hill
2007, Estuaries and Coasts (30) 927-944
Alaska, U.S.A, is one of the few remaining locations in the world that has fjords that contain temperate idewater glaciers. Studying such estuarine systems provides vital information on how deglaciation affects oceanographic onditions of fjords and surrounding coastal waters. The oceanographic system of Glacier Bay, Alaska, is of particular interest...
Phase equilibria constraints on the chemical and physical evolution of the campanian ignimbrite
S. J. Fowler, F. J. Spera, W.A. Bohrson, H. E. Belkin, B. de Vivo
2007, Journal of Petrology (48) 459-493
The Campanian Ignimbrite is a > 200 km3 trachyte-phonolite pyroclastic deposit that erupted at 39.3 ?? 0.1 ka within the Campi Flegrei west of Naples, Italy. Here we test the hypothesis that Campanian Ignimbrite magma was derived by isobaric crystal fractionation of a parental basaltic trachyandesitic melt that reacted and...
Impact of hurricanes storm surges on the groundwater resources
T. P. Van Biersel, D.A. Carlson, L.R. Milner
2007, Environmental Geology (53) 813-826
Ocean surges onto coastal lowlands caused by tropical and extra tropical storms, tsunamis, and sea level rise affect all coastal lowlands and present a threat to drinking water resources of many coastal residents. In 2005, two such storms, Hurricanes Katrina and Rita struck the Gulf Coast of the US. Since...
Role of chemotaxis in the transport of bacteria through saturated porous media
R.M. Ford, Ronald W. Harvey
2007, Advances in Water Resources (30) 1608-1617
Populations of chemotactic bacteria are able to sense and respond to chemical gradients in their surroundings and direct their migration toward increasing concentrations of chemicals that they perceive to be beneficial to their survival. It has been suggested that this phenomenon may facilitate bioremediation processes by bringing bacteria into closer...
Developing a flood monitoring system from remotely sensed data for the Limpopo basin
K.O. Asante, R.D. Macuacua, G. A. Artan, R.W. Lietzow, J. P. Verdin
2007, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (45) 1709-1714
This paper describes the application of remotely sensed precipitation to the monitoring of floods in a region that regularly experiences extreme precipitation and flood events, often associated with cyclonic systems. Precipitation data, which are derived from spaceborne radar aboard the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission and...
CO2 transport over complex terrain
Jielun Sun, Sean P. Burns, A.C. Delany, S.P. Oncley, A.A. Turnipseed, B.B. Stephens, D.H. Lenschow, M.A. LeMone, Russell K. Monson, D.E. Anderson
2007, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology (145) 1-21
CO2 transport processes relevant for estimating net ecosystem exchange (NEE) at the Niwot Ridge AmeriFlux site in the front range of the Rocky Mountains, Colorado, USA, were investigated during a pilot experiment. We found that cold, moist, and CO2-rich air was transported downslope at night and upslope in the early...
Effect of bedrock permeability on subsurface stormflow and the water balance of a trenched hillslope at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed, Georgia, USA
Meerveld H. J. Tromp-van H. J., N.E. Peters, Jeffery J. McDonnell
2007, Hydrological Processes (21) 750-769
The effect of bedrock permeability on subsurface stormflow initiation and the hillslope water balance is poorly understood. Previous hillslope hydrological studies at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed (PMRW), Georgia, USA, have assumed that the bedrock underlying the trenched hillslope is effectively impermeable. This paper presents a series of sprinkling experiments...
Velafrons coahuilensis, a new labeosaurine haddrosaurid (Dinosauria: Ornithopoda) from the Late Campanian Cerro del Pueblo formation, Coahuila, Mexico
Terry A. Gates, Scott D. Sampson, Carlos R. Delgado de Jesus, Lindsay E. Zanno, David Eberth, Rene Hernandez-Rivera, Martha C. Aguillon-Martinez, James I. Kirkland
2007, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology (27) 917-930
A new lambeosaurine hadrosaurid, Velafrons coahuilensis, is described as the first lambeosaurine from the Cerro del Pueblo Formation of Coahuila, Mexico, and the first lambeosaurine genus to be named from North America in more than 70 years. Although the holotype specimen is a juvenile individual—as evidenced by its incomplete crest development...
Genetic structure and evolved malaria resistance in Hawaiian honeycreepers
J.T. Foster, B.L. Woodworth, L.E. Eggert, P.J. Hart, D. Palmer, D.C. Duffy, R.C. Fleischer
2007, Molecular Ecology (16) 4738-4746
Infectious diseases now threaten wildlife populations worldwide but population recovery following local extinction has rarely been observed. In such a case, do resistant individuals recolonize from a central remnant population, or do they spread from small, perhaps overlooked, populations of resistant individuals? Introduced avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum) has devastated low-elevation...
Relationship between evapotranspiration and precipitation pulses in a semiarid rangeland estimated by moisture flux towers and MODIS vegetation indices
P.L. Nagler, E. P. Glenn, H. Kim, W. Emmerich, R.L. Scott, T. E. Huxman, A.R. Huete
2007, Journal of Arid Environments (70) 443-462
We used moisture Bowen ratio flux tower data and the enhanced vegetation index (EVI) from the moderate resolution imaging spectrometer (MODIS) on the Terra satellite to measure and scale evapotranspiration (ET) over sparsely vegetated grassland and shrubland sites in a semiarid watershed in southeastern Arizona from 2000 to 2004. The...
A global organism detection and monitoring system for non-native species
J. Graham, G. Newman, C. Jarnevich, R. Shory, T.J. Stohlgren
2007, Ecological Informatics (2) 177-183
Harmful invasive non-native species are a significant threat to native species and ecosystems, and the costs associated with non-native species in the United States is estimated at over $120 Billion/year. While some local or regional databases exist for some taxonomic groups, there are no effective geographic databases designed to detect...
Prevalence and distribution of pox-like lesions, avian malaria, and mosquito vectors in Kipahulu valley, Haleakala National Park, Hawai'i, USA
Samuel Aruch, Carter T. Atkinson, Amy F. Savage, Dennis LaPointe
2007, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (43) 567-575
We determined prevalence and altitudinal distribution of introduced avian malarial infections (Plasmodium relictum) and pox-like lesions (Avipoxvirus) in forest birds from Kīpahulu Valley, Haleakalā National Park, on the island of Maui, and we identified primary larval habitat for the mosquito vector of this disease. This intensively managed wilderness area and...
Numerical modelling to determine freshwater/saltwater interface configuration in a low-gradient coastal wetland aquifer
E. Swain, M. Wolfert
2007, Conference Paper, IAHS-AISH Publication
A coupled hydrodynamic surface-water/groundwater model with salinity transport is used to examine the aquifer salinity interface in the coastal wetlands of Everglades National Park in Florida, USA. The hydrology differs from many other coastal areas in that inland water levels are often higher than land surface, the flow gradients are...
Late quaternary paleoseismology of the southern Steens fault zone, northern Nevada
S. F. Personius, A. J. Crone, M. N. Machette, S. A. Mahan, J.B. Kyung, H. Cisneros, D. J. Lidke
2007, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (97) 1662-1678
The 192-km-long Steens fault zone is the most prominent normal fault system in the northern Basin and Range province of western North America. We use trench mapping and radiometric dating to estimate displacements and timing of the last three surface-rupturing earthquakes (E1-E3) on the southern part of the fault south...
Generalization of von Neumann analysis for a model of two discrete half-spaces: The acoustic case
M.M. Haney
2007, Geophysics (72)
Evaluating the performance of finite-difference algorithms typically uses a technique known as von Neumann analysis. For a given algorithm, application of the technique yields both a dispersion relation valid for the discrete time-space grid and a mathematical condition for stability. In practice, a major shortcoming of conventional von Neumann analysis...
Workshop establishes the northeastern soil monitoring cooperative
G.B. Lawrence, S.W. Bailey
2007, Conference Paper, Eos
[No abstract available]...
Factors to consider for trace element deposition biomonitoring surveys with lichen transplants
S. Ayrault, R. Clochiatti, F. Carrot, L. Daudin, J. P. Bennett
2007, Science of the Total Environment (372) 717-727
A trace element deposition biomonitoring experiment with transplants of the fruticose lichen Evernia prunastri was developed, aimed at monitoring the effects of different exposure parameters (exposure orientation and direct rain) and to the elements Ti, V, Cr, Co, Cu, Zn, Rb, Cd, Sb and Pb. Accumulations were observed for most...
Mode of occurrence and environmental mobility of oil-field radioactive material at US Geological Survey research site B, Osage-Skiatook Project, northeastern Oklahoma
Robert A. Zielinski, James R. Budahn
2007, Applied Geochemistry (22) 2125-2137
Two samples of produced-water collected from a storage tank at US Geological Survey research site B, near Skiatook Lake in northeastern Oklahoma, have activity concentrations of dissolved 226Ra and 228Ra that are about 1500 disintegrations/min/L (dpm/L). Produced-water also contains minor amounts of small (5–50 μm) suspended grains of Ra-bearing BaSO4 (barite). Precipitation of radioactive...
Simultaneous determination of Cr(iii) and Cr(vi) using reversed-phased ion-pairing liquid chromatography with dynamic reaction cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
R.E. Wolf, J.M. Morrison, M. B. Goldhaber
2007, Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry (22) 1051-1060
A method for the simultaneous determination of Cr(iii) and Cr(vi) species in waters, soil leachates and synthetic bio-fluids is described. The method uses reversed-phase ion-pairing liquid chromatography to separate the chromium species and a dynamic reaction cell (DRC??) equipped ICP-MS for detection of chromium. Separation of the chromium species is...
Predicting the potential distribution of invasive exotic species using GIS and information-theoretic approaches: A case of ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) distribution in China
Chen Hao, Chen LiJun, Thomas P. Albright
2007, Chinese Science Bulletin (52) 1223-1230
Invasive exotic species pose a growing threat to the economy, public health, and ecological integrity of nations worldwide. Explaining and predicting the spatial distribution of invasive exotic species is of great importance to prevention and early warning efforts. We are investigating the potential distribution of invasive exotic species, the environmental...
Establishing a baseline and faunal history in amphibian monitoring programs: The amphibians of Harris Neck, GA
C.K. Dodd Jr., W.J. Barichivich
2007, Southeastern Naturalist (6) 125-134
We conducted an intensive inventory of Harris Neck National Wildlife Refuge in coastal Georgia to determine the feasibility of establishing an amphibian monitoring program at this location. Thirteen semi-aquatic amphibian species were identified at 21 locations. Amphibian species richness at Harris Neck was similar to that of nearby barrier islands....
