Selection for rapid embryo development correlates with embryo exposure to maternal androgens among passerine birds
H. Schwabl, M.G. Palacios, T. E. Martin
2007, American Naturalist (170) 196-206
Greater offspring predation favors evolution of faster development among species. We hypothesized that greater offspring predation exerts selection on mothers to increase levels of anabolic androgens in egg yolks to achieve faster development. Here, we tested whether (1) concentrations of yolk androgens in passerine species were associated with offspring predation...
Field test comparison of an autocorrelation technique for determining grain size using a digital 'beachball' camera versus traditional methods
P.L. Barnard, D. M. Rubin, J. Harney, N. Mustain
2007, Sedimentary Geology (201) 180-195
This extensive field test of an autocorrelation technique for determining grain size from digital images was conducted using a digital bed-sediment camera, or 'beachball' camera. Using 205 sediment samples and >1200 images from a variety of beaches on the west coast of the US, grain size ranging from sand to...
Putting it all together: Exhumation histories from a formal combination of heat flow and a suite of thermochronometers
M. A. d'Alessio, C.F. Williams
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (112)
A suite of new techniques in thermochronometry allow analysis of the thermal history of a sample over a broad range of temperature sensitivities. New analysis tools must be developed that fully and formally integrate these techniques, allowing a single geologic interpretation of the rate and timing of exhumation and burial...
Application of a source apportionment model in consideration of volatile organic compounds in an urban stream
W.E. Asher, W. Luo, K.W. Campo, D.A. Bender, K. W. Robinson, J.S. Zogorski, J. F. Pankow
2007, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (26) 1606-1613
Position-dependent concentrations of trichloroethylene and methyl-tert-butyl ether are considered for a 2.81-km section of the Aberjona River in Massachusetts, USA. This river flows through Woburn and Winchester (Massachusetts, USA), an area that is highly urbanized, has a long history of industrial activities dating to the early 1800s, and has gained...
The USGS national geothermal resource assessment: An update
C.F. Williams, M.J. Reed, S.P. Galanis Jr., J. DeAngelo
2007, Conference Paper, Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council
The U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) is working with the Department of Energy's (DOE) Geothermal Technologies Program and other geothermal organizations on a three-year effort to produce an updated assessment of available geothermal resources. The new assessment will introduce significant changes in the models for geothermal energy recovery factors, estimates...
Monitoring engineered remediation with borehole radar
John W. Lane Jr., Frederick D. Day-Lewis, Peter K. Joesten
2007, The Leading Edge (26) 1032-1035
The success of engineered remediation is predicated on correct emplacement of either amendments (e.g., vegetable-oil emulsion, lactate, molasses, etc.) or permeable reactive barriers (e.g., vegetable oil, zero-valent iron, etc.) to enhance microbial or geochemical breakdown of contaminants and treat contaminants. Currently, site managers have limited tools to provide information about...
Geology of the Yucca Mountain site area, southwestern Nevada
W. R. Keefer, J.W. Whitney, D.C. Buesch
2007, Memoir of the Geological Society of America (199) 53-103
Yucca Mountain in southwestern Nevada is a prominent, irregularly shaped upland formed by a thick apron of Miocene pyroclastic-flow and fallout tephra deposits, with minor lava flows, that was segmented by through-going, large-displacement normal faults into a series of north-trending, eastwardly tilted structural blocks. The principal volcanic-rock units are the...
Comparison of the uptake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorine pesticides by semipermeable membrane devices and caged fish (Carassius carassius) in Taihu Lake, China
R. Ke, Y. Xu, S. Huang, Z. Wang, J.N. Huckins
2007, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (26) 1258-1264
Uptake of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) by triolein-containing semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) and by crucian carp (Carassius carassius) was studied in Taihu Lake, a shallow, freshwater lake in China. Crucian carp and SPMDs were deployed side by side for 32 d. The first-order uptake rate constants...
Regional disconformities in Turonian and Coniacian (Upper Cretaceous) strata in Colorado, Wyoming, and adjoining states - Biochronological evidence
E. Allen Merewether, William A. Cobban, John D. Obradovich
2007, Rocky Mountain Geology (42) 95-122
Siliciclastic and calcareous sedimentary rocks of early Late Cretaceous age in the Western Interior of the United States have been assigned to, in ascending order, the Graneros Shale, Greenhorn Formation, Carlile Shale, Niobrara Formation, and their lateral equivalents (including members of the Frontier Formation and overlying formations). This sequence of...
Subtidal sea level variability in a shallow Mississippi River deltaic estuary, Louisiana
G.A. Snedden, J.E. Cable, W.J. Wiseman Jr.
2007, Estuaries and Coasts (30) 802-812
The relative roles of river, atmospheric, and tidal forcings on estuarine sea level variability are examined in Breton Sound, a shallow (0.7 m) deltaic estuary situated in an interdistributary basin on the Mississippi River deltaic plain. The deltaic landscape contains vegetated marshes, tidal flats, circuitous channels, and other features that...
Chronology of the last glacial maximum in the upper Bear River Basin, Utah
B.J.C. Laabs, Jeffrey S. Munroe, J. G. Rosenbaum, K.A. Refsnider, D.M. Mickelson, B. S. Singer, M.W. Caffee
2007, Conference Paper, Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research
The headwaters of the Bear River drainage were occupied during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) by outlet glaciers of the Western Uinta Ice Field, an extensive ice mass (???685 km2) that covered the western slope of the Uinta Mountains. A well-preserved sequence of latero-frontal moraines in the drainage indicates that...
Crustal structure of the Alaska Range orogen and Denali fault along the Richardson Highway
M. A. Fisher, L. Pellerin, W. J. Nokleberg, N. A. Ratchkovski, J.M.G. Glen
2007, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 43-53
A suite of geophysical data obtained along the Richardson Highway crosses the eastern Alaska Range and Denali fault and reveals the crustal structure of the orogen. Strong seismic reflections from within the orogen north of the Denali fault dip as steeply as 25° north and extend...
Characteristics of fly ashes from full-scale coal-fired power plants and their relationship to mercury adsorption
Y. Lu, M. Rostam-Abadi, R. Chang, C. Richardson, J. Paradis
2007, Energy and Fuels (21) 2112-2120
Nine fly ash samples were collected from the particulate collection devices (baghouse or electrostatic precipitator) of four full-scale pulverized coal (PC) utility boilers burning eastern bituminous coals (EB-PC ashes) and three cyclone utility boilers burning either Powder River Basin (PRB) coals or PRB blends,(PRB-CYC ashes). As-received fly ash samples were...
Solidification and microstructures of binary ice-I/hydrate eutectic aggregates
C. McCarthy, R.F. Cooper, S. H. Kirby, K.D. Rieck, L.A. Stern
2007, American Mineralogist (92) 1550-1560
The microstructures of two-phase binary aggregates of ice-I + salt-hydrate, prepared by eutectic solidification, have been characterized by cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (CSEM). The specific binary systems studied were H2O-Na2SO4, H2O-MgSO4, H2O-NaCl, and H2O-H2SO4; these were selected based on their potential application to the study of tectonics on the...
Behavior of tunnel form buildings under quasi-static cyclic lateral loading
S.B. Yuksel, E. Kalkan
2007, Structural Engineering and Mechanics (27) 99-115
In this paper, experimental investigations on the inelastic seismic behavior of tunnel form buildings (i.e., box-type or panel systems) are presented. Two four-story scaled building specimens were tested under quasi-static cyclic lateral loading in longitudinal and transverse directions. The experimental results and supplemental finite element simulations collectively indicate that lightly...
Do soil characteristics or microhabitat determine field emergence and success of Bromus tectorum?
B.A. Newingham, P. Vidiella, J. Belnap
2007, Journal of Arid Environments (70) 389-402
In southeastern Utah, Bromus tectorum occurs where Hilaria jamesii is dominant and rarely where Stipa hymenoides/S. comata dominate. To determine whether this distribution is due to soil characteristics or microhabitat, we transplanted H. jamesii soil to a Stipa site and vice versa during a severe drought (2001) and a wetter...
Rarity and diversity in forest ant assemblages of Great Smoky Mountains National Park
J.-P. Lessard, R.R. Dunn, C.R. Parker, N.J. Sanders
2007, Conference Paper, Southeastern Naturalist
We report on a systematic survey of the ant fauna occurring in hardwood forests in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. At 22-mixed hardwood sites, we collected leaf-litter ant species using Winkler samplers. At eight of those sites, we also collected ants using pitfall and Malaise traps. In total, we...
Characterization of microsatellite loci isolated in Mountain Plover (Charadrius montanus)
J. St John, R.F. Kysela, S.J. Oyler-McCance
2007, Molecular Ecology Notes (7) 802-804
Primers for 15 microsatellite loci were developed for Mountain Plover, a species whose distribution and abundance have been reduced drastically in the past 30 years. In a screen of 126 individuals collected from four breeding locales across the species' range, levels of polymorphism ranged from two to 13 alleles per...
Development of a mercury speciation, fate, and biotic uptake (BIOTRANSPEC) model: Application to Lahontan Reservoir (Nevada, USA)
N. Gandhi, S.P. Bhavsar, M.L. Diamond, James S. Kuwabara, Mark C. Marvin-DePasquale, David P. Krabbenhoft
2007, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (26) 2260-2273
A mathematically linked mercury transport, speciation, kinetic, and simple biotic uptake (BIOTRANSPEC) model has been developed. An extension of the metal transport and speciation (TRANSPEC) model, BIOTRANSPEC estimates the fate and biotic uptake of inorganic (Hg(II)), elemental (Hg(0)) and organic (MeHg) forms of mercury and their species in the dissolved,...
Geologic framework of the long bay inner shelf: implications for coastal evolution in South Carolina
W. Barnhardt, J. Denny, W. Baldwin, W. Schwab, R. Morton, P. Gayes, N. Driscoll
2007, Conference Paper, Coastal Sediments '07 - Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes
The inner continental shelf off northern South Carolina is a sediment-limited environment characterized by extensive hardground areas, where coastal plain strata and ancient channel-fill deposits are exposed at the sea floor. Holocene sand is concentrated in large shoals associated with active tidal inlets, an isolated shore-detached sand body, and a...
Implementing regional sediment management to sustain navigation at an energetic tidal inlet
H.R. Moritz, G.R. Gelfenbaum, G. M. Kaminsky, P. Ruggiero, J. Oltman-shay, D.J. Mckillip
2007, Conference Paper, Coastal Sediments '07 - Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes
Regional Sediment Management (RSM) is a systems-based approach for managing multiple projects involving sediment. RSM fosters balance between infrastructure and natural system processes, resulting in reduced project costs and achievement of greater benefits. This paper introduces the RSM concept and describes how RSM is being implemented at the Mouth of...
Reactivation of a cryptobiotic stream ecosystem in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica: A long-term geomorphological experiment
Diane M. McKnight, C. M. Tate, E.D. Andrews, D.K. Niyogi, K. Cozzetto, K. Welch, W.B. Lyons, D.G. Capone
2007, Geomorphology (89) 186-204
The McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica contain many glacial meltwater streams that flow for 6 to 12??weeks during the austral summer and link the glaciers to the lakes on the valley floors. Dry valley streams gain solutes longitudinally through weathering reactions and microbial processes occurring in the hyporheic zone. Some...
Apparent climatically induced increase of tree mortality rates in a temperate forest
P. J. van Mantgem, N.L. Stephenson
2007, Ecology Letters (10) 909-916
We provide a first detailed analysis of long-term, annual-resolution demographic trends in a temperate forest. After tracking the fates of 21 338 trees in a network of old-growth forest plots in the Sierra Nevada of California, we found that mortality rate, but not the recruitment rate, increased significantly over the...
Earlier famine warning possible using remote sensing and models
M.E. Brown, C.C. Funk, G. Galu, R. Choularton
2007, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (88) 381-382
[No abstract available]...
Cultural diversity, economic development and societal instability
D. Nettle, J.B. Grace, M. Choisy, H.V. Cornell, J.-F. Guegan, M.E. Hochberg
2007, PLoS ONE (2)
Background. Social scientists have suggested that cultural diversity in a nation leads to societal instability. However, societal instability may be affected not only by within-nation on ?? diversity, but also diversity between a nation and its neighbours or ?? diversity. It is also necessary to distinguish different domains of diversity,...
