Acute toxicity of copper, ammonia, and chlorine to glochidia and juveniles of freshwater mussels (Unionidae)
N. Wang, C.G. Ingersoll, D.K. Hardesty, C.D. Ivey, J.L. Kunz, T.W. May, F.J. Dwyer, A.D. Roberts, T. Augspurger, C.M. Kane, R. J. Neves, M.C. Barnhart
2007, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (26) 2036-2047
The objective of the present study was to determine acute toxicity of copper, ammonia, or chlorine to larval (glochidia) and juvenile mussels using the recently published American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard guide for conducting laboratory toxicity tests with freshwater mussels. Toxicity tests were conducted with glochidia (24-...
Efficiency of conventional drinking-water-treatment processes in removal of pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds
Paul E. Stackelberg, Jacob Gibs, Edward T. Furlong, Michael T. Meyer, Steven D. Zaugg, R.L. Lippincott
2007, Science of the Total Environment (377) 255-272
Samples of water and sediment from a conventional drinking-water-treatment (DWT) plant were analyzed for 113 organic compounds (OCs) that included pharmaceuticals, detergent degradates, flame retardants and plasticizers, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), fragrances and flavorants, pesticides and an insect repellent, and plant and animal steroids. 45 of these compounds were detected...
Three-dimensional P-wave velocity structure derived from local earthquakes at the Katmai group of volcanoes, Alaska
A.D. Jolly, S.C. Moran, S.R. McNutt, D.B. Stone
2007, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (159) 326-342
The three-dimensional P-wave velocity structure beneath the Katmai group of volcanoes is determined by inversion of more than 10,000 rays from over 1000 earthquakes recorded on a local 18 station short-period network between September 1996 and May 2001. The inversion is well constrained from sea level to about 6 km below...
Statistical analysis of water-quality data containing multiple detection limits II: S-language software for nonparametric distribution modeling and hypothesis testing
L. Lee, D. Helsel
2007, Computers & Geosciences (33) 696-704
Analysis of low concentrations of trace contaminants in environmental media often results in left-censored data that are below some limit of analytical precision. Interpretation of values becomes complicated when there are multiple detection limits in the data-perhaps as a result of changing analytical precision over time. Parametric and semi-parametric methods,...
Effects of precommercial thinning on snowshoe hares in Maine
J.A. Homyack, D.J. Harrison, W.B. Krohn
2007, Journal of Wildlife Management (71) 4-13
Snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) are an important prey species and a dominant herbivore across much of their North American range, and researchers have questioned the influences of forestry practices that alter habitat for hares and the potential community-level effects on carnivores. We examined the effects of precommercial thinning (PCT) from...
Generating an image of dispersive energy by frequency decomposition and slant stacking
J. Xia, Y. Xu, R. D. Miller
2007, Pure and Applied Geophysics (164) 941-956
We present a new algorithm for calculating an image of dispersive energy in the frequency-velocity (f-v) domain. The frequency decomposition is first applied to a shot gather in the offset-time domain to stretch impulsive data into pseudo-vibroseis data or frequency-swept data. Because there is a deterministic relationship between frequency and...
Neoproterozoic diamictite-cap carbonate succession and δ13C chemostratigraphy from eastern Sonora, Mexico
Frank A. Corsetti, John H. Stewart, James W. Hagadorn
2007, Chemical Geology (237) 147-160
Despite the occurrence of Neoproterozoic strata throughout the southwestern U.S. and Sonora, Mexico, glacial units overlain by enigmatic cap carbonates have not been well-documented south of Death Valley, California. Here, we describe in detail the first glaciogenic diamictite and cap carbonate succession from Mexico, found in the Cerro Las Bolas...
A comparison of shoreline seines with fyke nets for sampling littoral fish communities in floodplain lakes
S.J. Clark, J.R. Jackson, S.E. Lochmann
2007, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (27) 676-680
We compared shoreline seines with fyke nets in terms of their ability to sample fish species in the littoral zone of 22 floodplain lakes of the White River, Arkansas. Lakes ranged in size from less than 0.5 to 51.0 ha. Most contained large amounts of coarse woody debris within the...
Tsunami inundation and sediment transport in vicinity of coastal mangrove forest
G. Gelfenbaum, D. Vatvani, B. Jaffe, F. Dekker
2007, Conference Paper, Coastal Sediments '07 - Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes
Field measurements from Sumatra of tsunami wave height, erosion and deposition form a comprehensive data set that is tested against the Delft3D tsunami inundation and sediment transport model. Relative agreement between measured and modeled maximum water levels and sediment erosion and accumulation provides confidence that the model is reasonably characterizing...
Comparison of evapotranspiration rates for flatwoods and ridge citrus
X. Jia, A. Swancar, J.M. Jacobs, M.D. Dukes, K. Morgan
2007, Transactions of the ASABE (50) 83-94
Florida citrus groves are typically grown in two regions of the state: flatwoods and ridge. The southern flatwoods citrus area has poorly drained fine textured sands with low organic matter in the shallow root zone. Ridge citrus is located in the northern ridge citrus zone and has fine to coarse...
Seabird behavior as an indicator of food supplies: Sensitivity across the breeding season
A.M.A. Harding, John F. Piatt, Joel A. Schmutz
2007, Marine Ecology Progress Series (352) 269-274
We used empirical data on the time allocation of common murres Uria aalge in relation to measures of local prey density to examine whether adults provisioning chicks are more sensitive to changes in prey density than birds that are incubating eggs. We hypothesized that seasonal differences in food requirements of...
Characterising reef fish populations and habitats within and outside the US Virgin Islands Coral Reef National Monument: A lesson in marine protected area design
Mark E. Monaco, A. M. Friedlander, Chris Caldow, J.D. Christensen, C. Rogers, J. Beets, J. Miller, Rafe Boulon
2007, Fisheries Management and Ecology (14) 33-40
Marine protected areas are an important tool for management of marine ecosystems. Despite their utility, ecological design criteria are often not considered or feasible to implement when establishing protected areas. In 2001, the Virgin Islands Coral Reef National Monument (VICRNM) in St John, US Virgin Islands was established by Executive...
Coordinated analyses of orbital and spirit rover data to characterize surface materials on the cratered plains of Gusev Crater, Mars
K.A. Lichtenberg, R. E. Arvidson, F. Poulet, R.V. Morris, A. Knudson, J.F. Bell, G. Bellucci, J.-P. Bibring, W. H. Farrand, J. R. Johnson, D. W. Ming, P.C. Pinet, A.D. Rogers, S. W. Squyres
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (112)
Comparison of the Mars Exploration Rover Spirit's Pancam (0.4 to 1.0 ??m) and Mars Express Observatoire pour la Mineralogie l'Eau, les Glaces et l'Activite?? (OMEGA) (0.4 to 2.5 ??m) spectral reflectance data over Spirit's traverses shows that Gusev cratered plains are dominated by nanophase ferric-oxide-rich dust covering weakly altered basaltic...
Inflammatory reaction to fabric collars from percutaneous antennas attached to intracoelomic radio transmitters implanted in harlequin ducks (Histrionicus histrionicus)
Daniel M. Mulcahy, K.A. Burek, Daniel Esler
2007, Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery (21) 13-21
In wild birds implanted intracoelomically with radio transmitters, a synthetic fabric collar placed around the base of a percutaneous antenna is believed to function as a barrier to contamination of the coelom. We examined 13 fabric collars recovered from percutaneous antennas of radio transmitters implanted intracoelomically in harlequin ducks (Histrionicus...
Hypoxia tolerance of two centrarchid sunfishes and an introduced cichlid from karstic Everglades wetlands of southern Florida, U.S.A.
P. J. Schofield, W.F. Loftus, M.E. Brown
2007, Journal of Fish Biology (71) 87-99
In this study, the hypoxia tolerance of three Everglades fishes, two native centrarchids (Lepomis gulosus and Lepomis marginatus) and a recently introduced cichlid (Hemichromis letourneuxi), were documented. Aquatic surface respiration (ASR) thresholds were lowest for H. letourneuxi, followed by L. gulosus, then L. marginatus. The ASR thresholds for L. marginatus...
Radiometric calibration status of Landsat-7 and Landsat-5
J. A. Barsi, B. L. Markham, D. L. Helder, G. Chander
2007, Conference Paper, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
Launched in April 1999, Landsat-7 ETM+ continues to acquire data globally. The Scan Line Corrector in failure in 2003 has affected ground coverage and the recent switch to Bumper Mode operations in April 2007 has degraded the internal geometric accuracy of the data, but the radiometry has been unaffected. The...
Age and trophic position dominate bioaccumulation of mercury and organochlorines in the food web of Lake Washington
J.K. McIntyre, D.A. Beauchamp
2007, Science of the Total Environment (372) 571-584
Understanding the mechanisms of bioaccumulation in food webs is critical to predicting which food webs are at risk for higher rates of bioaccumulation that endanger the health of upper-trophic predators, including humans. Mercury and organochlorines were measured concurrently with stable isotopes of nitrogen and carbon in key fishes and invertebrates...
Intersex (Testicular Oocytes) in smallmouth bass from the Potomac River and selected nearby drainages
Vicki S. Blazer, Luke R. Iwanowicz, Deborah D. Iwanowicz, David R. Smith, John A. Young, J.D. Hedrick, S.W. Foster, S.J. Reeser
2007, Journal of Aquatic Animal Health (19) 242-253
Intersex, or the presence of characteristics of both sexes, in fishes that are normally gonochoristic has been used as an indicator of exposure to estrogenic compounds. In 2003, during health assessments conducted in response to kills and a high prevalence of skin lesions observed in smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu in...
Can parasites be indicators of free-living diversity? Relationships between species richness and the abundance of larval trematodes and of local benthos and fishes
R. F. Hechinger, K. D. Lafferty, T.C. Huspeni, A.J. Brooks, A. M. Kuris
2007, Oecologia (151) 82-92
Measuring biodiversity is difficult. This has led to efforts to seek taxa whose species richness correlates with the species richness of other taxa. Such indicator taxa could then reduce the time and cost of assessing the biodiversity of the more extensive community. The search for species richness correlations has yielded...
Climate and floods still govern California levee breaks
J.L. Florsheim, M. D. Dettinger
2007, Geophysical Research Letters (34)
Even in heavily engineered river systems, climate still governs flood variability and thus still drives many levee breaks and geomorphic changes. We assemble a 155-year record of levee breaks for a major California river system to find that breaks occurred in 25% of years during the 20th Century. A relation...
Effects of flow fluctuations on the spawning habitat of a riverine fish
T.B. Grabowski, J. Jeffery Isely
2007, Southeastern Naturalist (6) 471-478
Shallow-water, lithophilic spawning fishes are among the most vulnerable to anthropogenic fluctuations in water levels. We monitored water levels and environmental conditions at the nest sites of Moxostoma robustum (Robust Redhorse) on a main-channel gravel bar in the Savannah River, GA-SC During the course of the 2005 spawning season, over...
Linking occurrence and fitness to persistence: Habitat-based approach for endangered Greater Sage-Grouse
Cameron L. Aldridge, Mark S. Boyce
2007, Ecological Applications (17) 508-526
Detailed empirical models predicting both species occurrence and fitness across a landscape are necessary to understand processes related to population persistence. Failure to consider both occurrence and fitness may result in incorrect assessments of habitat importance leading to inappropriate management strategies. We took a two-stage approach to identifying critical nesting...
Factors that influence the extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from coal
J. Xue, Gaisheng Liu, Z. Niu, C. L. Chou, C. Qi, Lingyun Zheng, H. Zhang
2007, Energy and Fuels (21) 881-890
Coal samples and carbonaceous mudstone were collected from the Huaibei coalfield, China, and experiments investigating the factors influencing the extraction of the sixteen US EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were carried out. Different extraction times, solvents, and methods were used. Major interest was focused on finding...
Costimulatory receptors in jawed vertebrates: Conserved CD28, odd CTLA4 and multiple BTLAs
D. Bernard, J.D. Hansen, Pasquier L. Du, M.-P. Lefranc, A. Benmansour, P. Boudinot
2007, Developmental and Comparative Immunology (31) 255-271
CD28 family of costimulatory receptors is comprised of molecules with a single V-type extracellular Ig domain, a transmembrane and an intracytoplasmic region with signaling motifs. CD28 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA4) homologs have been recently identified in rainbow trout. Other sequences similar to mammalian CD28 family members have now...
Bacteria form tellurium nanocrystals
R.S. Oremland
2007, Industrial Bioprocessing (29) 5-5
A team of researchers have found two bacterial species that produce tellurium oxyanions as respiratory electron acceptors for growth, leaving elemental tellurium in the form of nanoparticles. The crystals from the two organisms exhibit distinctively different structures. Bacillus selenitireducens initially forms nanorods that cluster together to form rosettes. Sulfurospirillum barnesii...
