Temperature and diet effects on omnivorous fish performance: Implications for the latitudinal diversity gradient in herbivorous fishes
M.D. Behrens, K. D. Lafferty
2007, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (64) 867-873
Herbivorous fishes show a clear latitudinal diversity gradient, making up a larger proportion of the fish species in a community in tropical waters than in temperate waters. One proposed mechanism that could drive this gradient is a physiological constraint due to temperature. One prediction based on this mechanism is that...
Arsenic incorporation into authigenic pyrite, Bengal Basin sediment, Bangladesh
Heather A. Lowers, George N. Breit, Andrea L. Foster, John W. Whitney, James Yount, Nehal Uddin, Ad. Atual Muneem
2007, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (71) 2699-2717
Sediment from two deep boreholes (∼400 m) approximately 90 km apart in southern Bangladesh was analyzed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), total chemical analyses, chemical extractions, and electron probe microanalysis to establish the importance of authigenic pyrite as a sink for arsenic in...
Forces on stationary particles in near-bed turbulent flows
M.W. Schmeeckle, J. M. Nelson, R.L. Shreve
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface (112)
In natural flows, bed sediment particles are entrained and moved by the fluctuating forces, such as lift and drag, exerted by the overlying flow on the particles. To develop a better understanding of these forces and the relation of the forces to the local flow, the downstream and vertical components...
Diet and prey selection by Lake Superior lake trout during springs 1986-2001
B.A. Ray, T.R. Hrabik, M.P. Ebener, O. T. Gorman, D.R. Schreiner, S.T. Schram, S.P. Sitar, W.P. Mattes, C.R. Bronte
2007, Journal of Great Lakes Research (33) 104-113
We describe the diet and prey selectivity of lean (Salvelinus namaycush namaycush) and siscowet lake trout (S. n. siscowet) collected during spring (April–June) from Lake Superior during 1986–2001. We estimated prey selectivity by comparing prey numerical abundance estimates from spring bottom trawl surveys and lake trout diet information in similar...
First record of ithytrichia (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) in Michigan, U.S.A.
J.M. Craig, M.A. Chriscinske
2007, Entomological News (118) 313-314
[No abstract available]...
Did debris-covered glaciers serve as pleistocene refugia for plants? A new hypothesis derived from observations of recent plant growth on glacier surfaces
T. Fickert, D. Friend, F. Gruninger, B. Molnia, M. Richter
2007, Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research (39) 245-257
This study proposes a new hypothesis: Debris-covered glaciers served as Pleistocene biological refugia. This is based on detailed studies of vascular plant growth on six debris-mantled glaciers, literally around the world, as well as many casual observations also across the globe. We find that such glaciers are quite common and...
Biomarkers of metals exposure in fish from lead-zinc mining areas of Southeastern Missouri, USA
C. J. Schmitt, J.J. Whyte, A.P. Roberts, M.L. Annis, T.W. May, D. E. Tillitt
2007, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety (67) 31-47
The potential effects of proposed lead-zinc mining in an ecologically sensitive area were assessed by studying a nearby mining district that has been exploited for about 30 y under contemporary environmental regulations and with modern technology. Blood and liver samples representing fish of three species (largescale stoneroller, Campostoma oligolepis, n=91;...
Molecular analysis of fungal communities and laccase genes in decomposing litter reveals differences among forest types but no impact of nitrogen deposition
C.B. Blackwood, M. P. Waldrop, D.R. Zak, R. L. Sinsabaugh
2007, Environmental Microbiology (9) 1306-1316
The fungal community of the forest floor was examined as the cause of previously reported increases in soil organic matter due to experimental N deposition in ecosystems producing predominantly high-lignin litter, and the opposite response in ecosystems producing low-lignin litter. The mechanism proposed to explain this phenomenon was that white-rot...
Juvenile densities relative to water regime in mainstem reservoirs of the Tennessee River, USA
L.E. Miranda, D.R. Lowery
2007, Lakes and Reservoirs: Research and Management (12) 87-96
Successful reproduction and development of strong year classes of fish in storage reservoirs are commonly associated with reproductive seasons of high water level and extensive flooding. Responses to flooding are likely to be less pronounced or altogether different in mainstem navigation reservoirs that experience limited water level fluctuation. In these...
Holocene evolution of the merrimack embayment, northern massachusetts, interperted from shallow seismic stratigraphy
C.J. Hein, D. M. FitzGerald, W. A. Barnhardt
2007, Conference Paper, Coastal Sediments '07 - Proceedings of 6th International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Processes
Recent multi-beam, backscatter, and bottom sediment data demonstrate that a large sand sheet was formed in the inner shelf by the reworking of the Merrimack River lowstand delta and braid plain (12 kya) during the Holocene transgression. Seismic data reveal the presence of widespread channel cut-and-fill structures landward of the...
Habitat partitioning of four sympatric thrush species at three spatial scales on a managed forest in West Virginia
R.L. Dellinger, P.B. Wood, P.D. Keyser, G. Seidel
2007, The Auk (124) 1425-1438
Four thrush species are sympatric in the central Appalachians: Veery (Catharus fuscescens), Hermit Thrush (C. guttatus), Wood Thrush (Hylocichla mustelina), and American Robin (Turdus migratorius). The four species often nest near one another, which suggests that habitat partitioning may have developed to minimize past interspecific competition. Our objectives were to...
Ammonia causes decreased brain monoamines in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas)
Patrick J. Ronan, Mark P. Gaikowski, Steven J. Hamilton, Kevin J. Buhl, Cliff H. Summers
2007, Brain Research (1147) 184-191
Hyperammonemia, arising from variety of disorders, leads to severe neurological dysfunction. The mechanisms of ammonia toxicity in brain are not completely understood. This study investigated the effects of ammonia on monoaminergic systems in brains of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Fish serve as a good model system to investigate hyperammonemic effects...
Hydrodynamics of coalbed methane reservoirs in the Black Warrior Basin: Key to understanding reservoir performance and environmental issues
J.C. Pashin
2007, Applied Geochemistry (22) 2257-2272
The Black Warrior Basin of the southeastern United States hosts one of the world's most prolific and long-lived coalbed methane plays, and the wealth of experience in this basin provides insight into the relationships among basin hydrology, production performance, and environmental issues. Along the southeast margin of the basin, meteoric...
Late Quaternary alluviation and offset along the eastern Big Pine fault, southern California
S.B. DeLong, S.A. Minor, L.J. Arnold
2007, Geomorphology (90) 1-10
Determining late Quaternary offset rates on specific faults within active mountain belts is not only a key component of seismic hazard analysis, but sheds light on regional tectonic development over geologic timescales. Here we report an estimate of dip-slip rate on the eastern Big Pine oblique-reverse fault in the upper...
Feasibility of detecting near-surface feature with Rayleigh-wave diffraction
J. Xia, Jonathan E. Nyquist, Y. Xu, M.J.S. Roth, R. D. Miller
2007, Journal of Applied Geophysics (62) 244-253
Detection of near-surfaces features such as voids and faults is challenging due to the complexity of near-surface materials and the limited resolution of geophysical methods. Although multichannel, high-frequency, surface-wave techniques can provide reliable shear (S)-wave velocities in different geological settings, they are not suitable for detecting voids directly based on...
Thermal structure of oceanic transform faults
M.D. Behn, M.S. Boettcher, G. Hirth
2007, Geology (35) 307-310
We use three-dimensional finite element simulations to investigate the temperature structure beneath oceanic transform faults. We show that using a rheology that incorporates brittle weakening of the lithosphere generates a region of enhanced mantle upwelling and elevated temperatures along the transform; the warmest...
Visible and near-infrared multispectral analysis of rocks at Meridiani Planum, Mars, by the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity
W. H. Farrand, J.F. Bell III, J. R. Johnson, B.L. Jolliff, A.H. Knoll, S. M. McLennan, S. W. Squyres, W. M. Calvin, J.P. Grotzinger, R.V. Morris, J. Soderblom, S.D. Thompson, W.A. Watters, A. S. Yen
2007, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (112)
Multispectral measurements in the visible and near infrared of rocks at Meridiani Planum by the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity's Pancam are described. The Pancam multispectral data show that the outcrops of the Burns formation consist of two main spectral units which in stretched 673, 535, 432 nm color composites appear...
High-resolution proxy record of Holocene climate from a loess section in Southwestern Nebraska, USA
X. Miao, J.A. Mason, W.C. Johnson, Hongfang Wang
2007, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (245) 368-381
Multi-proxy analysis was used to produce a high-resolution paleoclimatic record from an exceptionally thick section of the Holocene Bignell Loess near Wauneta, Southwestern Nebraska, in the central Great Plains. The Wauneta section has excellent age control, based on optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon dating, and records multiple episodes of...
Preferences, specialization, and management attitudes of trout anglers fishing in Tennessee tailwaters
C.P. Hutt, P.W. Bettoli
2007, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (27) 1257-1267
Efforts to manage several trout fisheries in Tennessee have been stymied by conflicts between management agencies and angler groups. To assist in preventing such conflicts in the future, we examined attitudes and motivations of trout anglers who fished eight tailwater fisheries in Tennessee during 2001-2002. Using a stratified random sampling...
On using surface-source downhole-receiver logging to determine seismic slownesses
D.M. Boore, E.M. Thompson
2007, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering (27) 971-985
We present a method to solve for slowness models from surface-source downhole-receiver seismic travel-times. The method estimates the slownesses in a single inversion of the travel-times from all receiver depths and accounts for refractions at layer boundaries. The number and location of layer interfaces in the model can be selected...
Rapid sea level rise and ice sheet response to 8,200-year climate event
T. M. Cronin, P.R. Vogt, Debra A. Willard, R. Thunell, J. Halka, M. Berke, J. Pohlman
2007, Geophysical Research Letters (34)
The largest abrupt climatic reversal of the Holocene interglacial, the cooling event 8.6–8.2 thousand years ago (ka), was probably caused by catastrophic release of glacial Lake Agassiz-Ojibway, which slowed Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) and cooled global climate. Geophysical surveys and sediment cores from Chesapeake Bay reveal the pattern of...
Beyond SaGMRotI: Conversion to SaArb, SaSN, and SaMaxRot
J. A. Watson-Lamprey, D.M. Boore
2007, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (97) 1511-1524
In the seismic design of structures, estimates of design forces are usually provided to the engineer in the form of elastic response spectra. Predictive equations for elastic response spectra are derived from empirical recordings of ground motion. The geometric mean of the two orthogonal horizontal components of motion is often...
USGS assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources in Paleogene strata of the U.S. Gulf of Mexico coastal plain and state waters
Peter D. Warwick, James L. Coleman, Paul C. Hackley, Daniel O. Hayba, Alexander W. Karlsen, Elisabeth L. Rowan, Sharon M. Swanson
Lorcan Kennan, James Pindell, Norman C. Rosen, editor(s)
2007, Conference Paper, The Paleogene of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean basins: Processes, events, and petroleum systems
This report presents a review of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 2007 assessment of the undiscovered oil and gas resources in Paleogene strata underlying the U.S. Gulf of Mexico Coastal Plain and state waters. Geochemical, geologic, geophysical, thermal maturation, burial history, and paleontologic studies have been combined with regional cross...
Soil properties and perceived disturbance of grasslands subjected to mechanized military training: Evaluation of an index
Donald P. Althoff, P.S. Althoff, N.D. Lambrecht, P. S. Gipson, J.S. Pontius, P.B. Woodford
2007, Land Degradation and Development (18) 269-288
Mechanized maneuver training impacts the landscape by creating depressions, compacting soils, producing bare ground areas, transporting seeds of invasive plants, and crushing vegetation. We measured 3 physical, 13 chemical, and 2 biological soil properties and used a disturbance index (DI) based on perceptions of soil conditions on a military installation...
Multiple-species analysis of point count data: A more parsimonious modelling framework
M.W. Alldredge, K. H. Pollock, T.R. Simons, S.A. Shriner
2007, Journal of Applied Ecology (44) 281-290
1. Although population surveys often provide information on multiple species, these data are rarely analysed within a multiple-species framework despite the potential for more efficient estimation of population parameters. 2. We have developed a multiple-species modelling framework that uses similarities in capture/detection processes among species to model multiple species data...
