Juvenile densities relative to water regime in mainstem reservoirs of the Tennessee River, USA
L.E. Miranda, D.R. Lowery
2007, Lakes and Reservoirs: Research and Management (12) 87-96
Successful reproduction and development of strong year classes of fish in storage reservoirs are commonly associated with reproductive seasons of high water level and extensive flooding. Responses to flooding are likely to be less pronounced or altogether different in mainstem navigation reservoirs that experience limited water level fluctuation. In these...
Paleovalley fills: Trunk vs. tributary
E.P. Kvale, A.W. Archer
2007, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (91) 809-821
A late Mississippian-early Pennsylvanian eustatic sea level drop resulted in a complex lowstand drainage network being eroded across the Illinois Basin in the eastern United States. This drainage system was filled during the early part of the Pennsylvanian. Distinct differences can be recognized between the trunk and tributary paleovalley fills....
A comparison of shoreline seines with fyke nets for sampling littoral fish communities in floodplain lakes
S.J. Clark, J.R. Jackson, S.E. Lochmann
2007, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (27) 676-680
We compared shoreline seines with fyke nets in terms of their ability to sample fish species in the littoral zone of 22 floodplain lakes of the White River, Arkansas. Lakes ranged in size from less than 0.5 to 51.0 ha. Most contained large amounts of coarse woody debris within the...
Seismoelectric imaging of shallow targets
S.S. Haines, S.R. Pride, S.L. Klemperer, B. Biondi
2007, Geophysics (72)
We have undertaken a series of controlled field experiments to develop seismoelectric experimental methods for near-surface applications and to improve our understanding of seismoelectric phenomena. In a set of off-line geometry surveys (source separated from the receiver line), we place seismic sources and electrode array receivers on opposite sides of...
Distribution and sedimentary characteristics of tsunami deposits along the Cascadia margin of western North America
R. Peters, B. Jaffe, G. Gelfenbaum
2007, Sedimentary Geology (200) 372-386
Tsunami deposits have been found at more than 60 sites along the Cascadia margin of Western North America, and here we review and synthesize their distribution and sedimentary characteristics based on the published record. Cascadia tsunami deposits are best preserved, and most...
Distributions of pharmaceuticals in an urban estuary during both dry- and wet-weather conditions
M.J. Benotti, Bruce J. Brownawell
2007, Environmental Science & Technology (41) 5795-5802
Pharmaceuticals and selected major human metabolites are ubiquitous in Jamaica Bay, a wastewater-impacted estuary at concentrations in the low ng/L to low ??g/L range. Concentrations throughout the bay are often consistent with conservative behavior during dry-weather conditions, as evidenced by nearly linear concentration-salinity relationships. Deviation from conservative behavior is noted...
Response of western mountain ecosystems to climatic variability and change: The Western Mountain Initiative
Nathan L. Stephenson, Dave Peterson, Daniel B. Fagre, Craig D. Allen, Donald McKenzie, Jill Baron, Kelly O’Brian
2007, Mountain Views (1) 4-9
Mountain ecosystems within our national parks and other protected areas provide valuable goods and services such as clean water, biodiversity conservation, and recreational opportunities, but their potential responses to expected climatic changes are inadequately understood. The Western Mountain Initiative (WMI) is a collaboration of scientists whose research focuses on understanding...
Rainfall limit of the N cycle on Earth
Stephanie A. Ewing, Greg Michalski, Mark Thiemens, R.C. Quinn, J. L. Macalady, S. Kohl, Scott D. Wankel, Carol Kendall, Christopher P McKay, Ronald Amundson
2007, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (21)
In most climates on Earth, biological processes control soil N. In the Atacama Desert of Chile, aridity severely limits biology, and soils accumulate atmospheric NO3−. We examined this apparent transformation of the soil N cycle using a series of ancient Atacama Desert soils (>2 My) that vary in rainfall (21...
Estimating fishing mortality, natural mortality, and selectivity using recoveries from tagging young fish
H. Jiang, C. Brownie, J.E. Hightower, K. H. Pollock
2007, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (27) 773-781
Current methods for estimation of age- and year-specific instantaneous mortality rates based on multiyear, multiple-age tagging studies assume that it is feasible to tag fish in a wide range of ages. For some species, however, only the youngest one or two age-classes are readily available for tagging. Given the practical...
Geophysical data integration and conditional uncertainty analysis on hydraulic conductivity estimation
A. Rahman, F.T.-C. Tsai, C.D. White, D.A. Carlson, C. S. Willson
2007, Conference Paper, Examining the Confluence of Environmental and Water Concerns - Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006
Integration of various geophysical data is essential to better understand aquifer heterogeneity. However, data integration is challenging because there are different levels of support between primary and secondary data needed to be correlated in various ways. This study proposes a geostatistical method to integrate the hydraulic conductivity measurements and electrical...
Characterizing hydraulic conductivity with the direct-push permeameter
J.J. Butler Jr., P. Dietrich, V. Wittig, T. Christy
2007, Ground Water (45) 409-419
The direct-push permeameter (DPP) is a promising approach for obtaining high-resolution information about vertical variations in hydraulic conductivity (K) in shallow unconsolidated settings. This small-diameter tool, which consists of a short screened section with a pair of transducers inset in the tool near the screen, is pushed into the subsurface...
Oxygen and sulfur isotope systematics of sulfate produced by bacterial and abiotic oxidation of pyrite
N. Balci, Wayne C. Shanks III, B. Mayer, K.W. Mandernack
2007, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (71) 3796-3811
To better understand reaction pathways of pyrite oxidation and biogeochemical controls on ??18O and ??34S values of the generated sulfate in acid mine drainage (AMD) and other natural environments, we conducted a series of pyrite oxidation experiments in the laboratory. Our biological and abiotic experiments were conducted under aerobic conditions...
Separation of copper, iron, and zinc from complex aqueous solutions for isotopic measurement
David M. Borrok, Richard B. Wanty, William I. Ridley, Ruth E. Wolf, Paul J. Lamothe, M. Adams
2007, Chemical Geology (242) 400-414
The measurement of Cu, Fe, and Zn isotopes in natural samples may provide valuable information about biogeochemical processes in the environment. However, the widespread application of stable Cu, Fe, and Zn isotope chemistry to natural water systems remains limited by our ability to efficiently separate these trace elements from...
Methodological considerations regarding the use of inorganic 197Hg(II) radiotracer to assess mercury methylation potential rates in lake sediment
Catan S. Perez, S.R. Guevara, Mark C. Marvin-DiPasquale, C. Magnavacca, I.M. Cohen, M. Arribere
2007, Applied Radiation and Isotopes (65) 987-994
Methodological considerations on the determination of benthic methyl-mercury (CH3Hg) production potentials were investigated on lake sediment, using 197Hg radiotracer. Three methods to arrest bacterial activity were compared: flash freezing, thermal sterilization, and γ-irradiation. Flash freezing showed similar CH3Hg recoveries as thermal sterilization, which was...
Disruptions of stream sediment size and stability by lakes in mountain watersheds: Potential effects on periphyton biomass
A.K. Myers, A.M. Marcarelli, C.D. Arp, M. A. Baker, W.A. Wurtsbaugh
2007, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (26) 390-400
The location of a stream reach relative to other landforms in a watershed is an important attribute. We hypothesized that lakes disrupt the frequency of finer, more mobile sediments and thereby change sediment transport processes such that benthic substrates are more stable (i.e., less mobile) below lakes than above lakes....
River and riparian restoration in the southwest: Results of the National River Restoration Science Synthesis project
Shah J.J. Follstad, Clifford N. Dahm, S.P. Gloss, E. S. Bernhardt
2007, Restoration Ecology (15) 550-562
Restoration activity has exponentially increased across the Southwest since 1990. Over 37,000 records were compiled into the National River Restoration Science Synthesis (NRRSS) database to summarize restoration trends and assess project effectiveness. We analyzed data from 576 restoration projects in the Southwest (NRRSS-SW). More than 50% of projects were less...
Glaciers dominate eustatic sea-level rise in the 21st century
Mark Frederick Meier, M.B. Dyurgerov, Ursula K. Rick, William Tad Pfeffer, Suzanne P. Anderson, Andrey F. Glazovsky
2007, Science (317) 1064-1067
Ice loss to the sea currently accounts for virtually all of the sea-level rise that is not attributable to ocean warming, and about 60% of the ice loss is from glaciers and ice caps rather than from the two ice sheets. The contribution of these smaller glaciers has accelerated over...
Organic contaminants in onsite wastewater treatment systems
K.E. Conn, R.L. Siegrist, L. B. Barber, G.K. Brown
2007, Conference Paper, ASABE - Individual and Small Community Sewage Systems XI, Proceedings of the 11th National Symposium
Wastewater from thirty onsite wastewater treatment systems was sampled during a reconnaissance field study to quantify bulk parameters and the occurrence of organic wastewater contaminants including endocrine disrupting compounds in treatment systems representing a variety of wastewater sources and treatment processes and their receiving environments. Bulk parameters ranged in concentrations...
Effects of habitat management treatments on plant community composition and biomass in a Montane wetland
Jane E. Austin, Janet R. Keough, W.H. Pyle
2007, Wetlands (27) 570-587
Grazing and burning are commonly applied practices that can impact the diversity and biomass of wetland plant communities. We evaluated the vegetative response of wetlands and adjacent upland grasslands to four treatment regimes (continuous idle, fall prescribed burning followed by idle, annual fall cattle grazing, and rotation of summer grazing...
Effects of mother lode-type gold mineralization on 187Os/188Os and platinum group element concentrations in peridotite: Alleghany District, California
R.J. Walker, J.K. Böhlke, W.F. McDonough, Ji Li
2007, Economic Geology (102) 1079-1089
Osmium isotope compositions and concentrations of Re, platinum group elements (PGE), and Au were determined for host peridotites (serpentinites and barzburgites) and hydrothermally altered ultramafic wall rocks associated with Mother Lode-type hydrothermal gold-quartz vein mineralization in the Alleghany district, California. The host peridotites have Os isotope compositions and Re, PGE,...
Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance microscopy of mineralization
I.E. Chesnick, T.I. Todorov, J.A. Centeno, D.E. Newbury, Justin R. Small, K. Potter
2007, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (25) 1095-1104
Paramagnetic manganese (II) can be employed as a calcium surrogate to sensitize magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) to the processing of calcium during bone formation. At high doses, osteoblasts can take up sufficient quantities of manganese, resulting in marked changes in water proton T1, T2 and magnetization transfer ratio values compared...
Weirs: Counting and sampling adult salmonids in streams and rivers
Christian E. Zimmerman, Laura M. Zabkar
2007, Book chapter, Salmonid field protocols handbook: techniques for assessing status and trends in salmon and trout populations.
Weirs—which function as porous barriers built across stream—have long been used to capture migrating fish in flowing waters. For example, the Netsilik peoples of northern Canada used V-shaped weirs constructed of river rocks gathered onsite to capture migrating Arctic char Salvelinus alpinus (Balikci 1970). Similarly, fences constructed of stakes and...
Characterizing a December 2005 density current event in the Chicago River, Chicago, Illinois
C.M. Garcia, P.R. Jackson, K. A. Oberg, K. K. Johnson, M.H. Garcia
2007, Conference Paper, Examining the Confluence of Environmental and Water Concerns - Proceedings of the World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2006
During the winter months, the Chicago River in Chicago, Illinois is subject to bi-directional flows, and density currents are thought to be responsible for these flow variations. This paper presents detailed field measurements using three acoustic Doppler current profiler instruments and simultaneous water-quality measurements made during December 2005. Observations indicate...
Optimal use of resources structures home ranges and spatial distribution of black bears
M.S. Mitchell, R. A. Powell
2007, Animal Behaviour (74) 219-230
Research has shown that territories of animals are economical. Home ranges should be similarly efficient with respect to spatially distributed resources and this should structure their distribution on a landscape, although neither has been demonstrated empirically. To test these hypotheses, we used home range models that optimize resource use according...
Exploring the temporal effects of seasonal water availability on the snail kite of Florida: Part III
Wolf M. Mooij, Julien Martin, Wiley M. Kitchens, Donald L. DeAngelis
2007, Book chapter, Temporal dimensions of landscape ecology: Wildlife responses to variable resources
The Florida snail kite (Rostrhamus sociabilis) is an endangered raptor that occurs as an isolated population, currently of about 2,000 birds, in the wetlands of southern and central Florida, USA. Its exclusive prey species, the apple snail (Pomacea paludosa) is strongly influenced by seasonal changes in...
