Quantity, composition, and source of sediment collected in sediment traps along the fringing coral reef off Molokai, Hawaii
Michael H. Bothner, R. L. Reynolds, M.A. Casso, C. D. Storlazzi, M.E. Field
2006, Marine Pollution Bulletin (52) 1034-1047
Sediment traps were used to evaluate the frequency, cause, and relative intensity of sediment mobility/resuspension along the fringing coral reef off southern Molokai (February 2000–May 2002). Two storms with high rainfall, floods, and exceptionally high waves resulted in sediment collection rates > 1000 times higher than during non-storm periods, primarily...
Design of a computerized, temperature-controlled, recirculating aquaria system
A.M. Widmer, C.J. Carveth, J.W. Keffler, Scott A. Bonar
2006, Aquacultural Engineering (35) 152-160
We built a recirculating aquaria system with computerized temperature control to maintain static temperatures, increase temperatures 1 ??C/day, and maintain diel temperature fluctuations up to 10 ??C. A LabVIEW program compared the temperature recorded by thermocouples in fish tanks to a desired set temperature and then calculated the amount of...
Oil-generation kinetics for organic facies with Type-II and -IIS kerogen in the Menilite Shales of the Polish Carpathians
M. D. Lewan, M.J. Kotarba, John B. Curtis, D. Wieclaw, P. Kosakowski
2006, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (70) 3351-3368
The Menilite Shales (Oligocene) of the Polish Carpathians are the source of low-sulfur oils in the thrust belt and some high-sulfur oils in the Carpathian Foredeep. These oil occurrences indicate that the high-sulfur oils in the Foredeep were generated and expelled before major thrusting and the low-sulfur oils in the...
Liquefaction hazard mapping with LPI in the Greater Oakland, California, area
T.L. Holzer, M.J. Bennett, T.E. Noce, A.C. Padovani, J. C. Tinsley III
2006, Earthquake Spectra (22) 693-708
Cumulative frequency distributions of the liquefaction potential index (LPI) of surficial geologic units were used to define the liquefaction hazard in a 140-km2 area along the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay near Oakland, California. LPI values were computed for 202 cone penetration tests conducted in surficial geologic units in...
A ubiquitous thermoacidophilic archaeon from deep-sea hydrothermal vents
A.-L. Reysenbach, Yajing Liu, A.B. Banta, T.J. Beveridge, J. D. Kirshtein, S. Schouten, M.K. Tivey, Karen L. Von Damm, M.A. Voytek
2006, Nature (442) 444-447
Deep-sea hydrothermal vents are important in global biogeochemical cycles, providing biological oases at the sea floor that are supported by the thermal and chemical flux from the Earth's interior. As hot, acidic and reduced hydrothermal fluids mix with cold, alkaline and oxygenated sea water, minerals precipitate to form porous sulphide-sulphate...
Managing large-scale workflow execution from resource provisioning to provenance tracking: The CyberShake example
E. Deelman, S. Callaghan, E. Field, H. Francoeur, R. Graves, N. Gupta, V. Gupta, T.H. Jordan, C. Kesselman, P. Maechling, J. Mehringer, G. Mehta, D. Okaya, K. Vahi, L. Zhao
2006, Conference Paper, e-Science 2006 - Second IEEE International Conference on e-Science and Grid Computing
This paper discusses the process of building an environment where large-scale, complex, scientific analysis can be scheduled onto a heterogeneous collection of computational and storage resources. The example application is the Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) CyberShake project, an analysis designed to compute probabilistic seismic hazard curves for sites in...
Linking middle-school teachers to Earthscope
R. Butler, E. Bishop, C. Ault Jr., B. Atwater, B. Magura, C. Hedeen, R. Blakely, Ray E. Wells, K. Shay, R. Wagner, T. Southworth-Neumeyer, D. Connor
2006, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (87) 257-259
EarthScope is a multidisciplinary geophysical investigation of the structure and deformation of the North American continent. Components include a transportable array of digital seismometers (USArray) that will image the continental crust and underlying mantle, and Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers and strainmeters (Plate Boundary Observatory, PBO) that will measure tectonic...
Phosphate oxygen isotope ratios as a tracer for sources and cycling of phosphate in North San Francisco Bay, California
K. McLaughlin, C. Kendall, S. R. Silva, M. Young, A. Paytan
2006, Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences (111)
[1] A seasonal analysis assesing variations in the oxygen isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic phosphate (DIP) was conducted in the San Francisco Bay estuarine system, California. Isotopic fractionation of oxygen in DIP (exchange of oxygen between phosphate and environmental water) at surface water temperatures occurs only as...
Aspects of the biology of Salicornia bigelovii torr. In relation to a proposed restoration of a wind-tidal flat system on the South Texas, USA Coast
C.P. Onuf
2006, Wetlands (26) 649-666
Wind-tidal flats are the dominant coastal wetland type in southern Texas USA. Succulent vascular plants are colonizing the flats in some locations, often where past dredge disposal along navigation channels and other activities have interrupted natural water communication between hypersaline bays and large areas of wind-tidal flats. The objective of...
The importance of physiological ecology in conservation biology
C.R. Tracy, K.E. Nussear, T. C. Esque, K. Dean-Bradley, L.A. DeFalco, K.T. Castle, L.C. Zimmerman, R.E. Espinoza, A.M. Barber
2006, Conference Paper, Integrative and Comparative Biology
Many of the threats to the persistence of populations of sensitive species have physiological or pathological mechanisms, and those mechanisms are best understood through the inherently integrative discipline of physiological ecology. The desert tortoise was listed under the Endangered Species Act largely due to a newly recognized upper respiratory disease...
Paleotsunami research
B. Rhodes, M. Tuttle, B. Horton, L. Doner, H. Kelsey, A. Nelson, M. Cisternas
2006, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (87) 208-209
[No abstract available]...
Methods for pore water extraction from unsaturated zone tuff, Yucca Mountain, Nevada
K.M. Scofield
2006, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 11th International High Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference, IHLRWM
Assessing the performance of the proposed high-level radioactive waste repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, requires an understanding of the chemistry of the water that moves through the host rock. The uniaxial compression method used to extract pore water from samples of tuffaceous borehole core was successful only for nonwelded tuff....
Phosphorus geochemistry of recent sediments in the South Basin of Lake Winnipeg
T. Mayer, S. L. Simpson, L. Harvey Thorleifson, W.L. Lockhart, Philip M. Wilkinson
2006, Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management (9) 307-318
Lake Winnipeg supports the largest commercial fishery on Canadian Prairies. It has been influenced by a variety of environmental forces and anthropogenic activities. To gain a better understanding of recent changes in nutrient status of the lake, it is important to reconstruct its previous history from sedimentary records. Lacustrine sediments...
Shallow gas off the Rhône prodelta, Gulf of Lions
Ana Garcia-Garcia, Daniel L. Orange, T. Lorenson, Olivier Radakovitch, Tommaso Tesi, Stefano Miserocchi, Serge Berne, P.L. Friend, Chuck Nittrouer, Alain Normand
2006, Marine Geology (234) 215-231
Sediment cores acquired in 2004 off the Rhône prodelta show consistent anomalous methane concentrations of up to 87,440 ppm. Methane compositional and isotopic data support a biogenic origin, although there are a few sites that show strongly depleted δ13C values (− 53‰ PDB) suggesting a mixed source for the gas (biogenic...
Helping Students make the transition from novice learner of ground-water concepts to expert using the Plume Busters software
P. A. Macfarlane, G. Bohling, K.W. Thompson, M. Townsend
2006, Journal of Geoscience Education (54) 610-619
Environmental and earth science students are novice learners and lack the experience needed to rise to the level of expert. To address this problem we have developed the prototype Plume Busters?? software as a capstone educational experience, in which students take on the role of an environmental consultant. Following a...
A new probabilistic seismic hazard assessment for greater Tokyo
R.S. Stein, S. Toda, T. Parsons, E. Grunewald, R. Blong, S. Sparks, H. Shah, J. Kennedy
2006, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences (364) 1965-1988
Tokyo and its outlying cities are home to one-quarter of Japan's 127 million people. Highly destructive earthquakes struck the capital in 1703, 1855 and 1923, the last of which took 105 000 lives. Fuelled by greater Tokyo's rich seismological record, but challenged by its magnificent complexity, our joint Japanese-US group...
Distribution and ecology of Dreissena polymorpha (pallas) and Dreissena bugensis (andrusov) in the upper Volga basin
G. Kh Shcherbina, D.R. Buckler
2006, Journal of ASTM International (3)
This paper presents data on contemporary distribution patterns of two species of Dreissenidae, the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) and the Quagga mussel (Dreissena bugensis), and their role in ecosystem processes in the Ivan'kovo, Uglich, Rybinsk, and Gorky Reservoirs of the Upper Volga River basin. The role of zebra mussel was...
The influence of geology and land use on arsenic in stream sediments and ground waters in New England, USA
G.R. Robinson Jr., J. D. Ayotte
2006, Applied Geochemistry (21) 1482-1497
Population statistics for As concentrations in rocks, sediments and ground water differ by geology and land use features in the New England region, USA. Significant sources of As in the surficial environment include both natural weathering of rocks and anthropogenic sources such as arsenical pesticides that were commonly applied to...
Nesting habitat of the Tule Greater White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons elgasi
R.V. Densmore, Craig R. Ely, K.S. Bollinger, S. Kratzer, Mark S. Udevitz, D.J. Fehringer, T.C. Rothe
2006, Wildfowl (56) 37-51
This paper presents the first information on the availability and use of nesting habitat by the rare Tule Greater White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons elgasi. The breeding range was sampled by marking geese with radio transmitters on wintering and moulting areas, and tracking them to nest sites in Alaska. Nesting habitat...
Description of the adults of Maccaffertium lenati (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae), notes on its ecology and distribution, and a new North Carolina record for Isonychia arida (Ephemeroptera: Isonychiidae)
B.C. Kondratieff, R.E. Zuellig, D. R. Lenat
2006, Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington (108) 995-997
[No abstract available]...
Data report: Compressibility, permeability, and grain size of shallow sediments, sites 1194 and 1198
Brandon Dugan, Chris Marone, Tiancong Hong, Misty Migyanka
Flavio S. Anselmett, Alexandra R. Isern, Peter Blum, Christian Betzler, editor(s)
2006, Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results 194-7
Uniaxial strain consolidation experiments were conducted to determine elastic and plastic properties and to estimate the permeability of sediments from 0 to 200 meters below seafloor at Ocean Drilling Program Sites 1194 and 1198. Plastic deformation is described by compression indices, which range from 0.19 to 0.37. Expansion indices, the...
Influence of potentially confounding factors on sea urchin porewater toxicity tests
R.S. Carr, J.M. Biedenbach, M. Nipper
2006, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (51) 573-579
The influence of potentially confounding factors has been identified as a concern for interpreting sea urchin porewater toxicity test data. The results from >40 sediment-quality assessment surveys using early-life stages of the sea urchin Arbacia punctulata were compiled and examined to determine acceptable ranges of natural variables such as pH,...
Decay of aftershock density with distance indicates triggering by dynamic stress
K.R. Felzer, E. E. Brodsky
2006, Nature (441) 735-738
The majority of earthquakes are aftershocks, yet aftershock physics is not well understood. Many studies suggest that static stress changes trigger aftershocks, but recent work suggests that shaking (dynamic stresses) may also play a role. Here we measure the decay of aftershocks as a function of distance from magnitude 2-6...
Ecology and habitat of breeding Northern Goshawks in the inland Pacific Northwest: A summary of research in the 1990s
S. DeStefano, M.T. McGrath, S.K. Daw, S.M. Desimone
2006, Studies in Avian Biology 75-84
During the 1990s, we conducted research on the distribution, productivity, and habitat relationships of Northern Goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) in eastern Oregon and Washington. Our research was initiated primarily in response to concerns raised about the status of Northern Goshawks in the western US, and coincided with early attempts to list...
Using videography to quantify landscape-level availability of habitat for grazers: An example with emperor geese in western Alaska
B.C. Lake, M. S. Lindberg, Joel A. Schmutz, R. Michael Anthony, F.J. Broerman
2006, Arctic (59) 252-260
We present a videography approach to estimating large-scale availability of grazing lawns, an important food resource used by broods of emperor geese (Chen canagica) on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska. Sampling was conducted in 1999, 2003, and 2004 at six locations that encompassed ???40% of the North American population of breeding...
