Chronology of the last glacial maximum in the upper Bear River Basin, Utah
B.J.C. Laabs, Jeffrey S. Munroe, J. G. Rosenbaum, K.A. Refsnider, D.M. Mickelson, B. S. Singer, M.W. Caffee
2007, Conference Paper, Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research
The headwaters of the Bear River drainage were occupied during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) by outlet glaciers of the Western Uinta Ice Field, an extensive ice mass (???685 km2) that covered the western slope of the Uinta Mountains. A well-preserved sequence of latero-frontal moraines in the drainage indicates that...
Linking ground-water age and chemistry data along flow paths: Implications for trends and transformations of nitrate and pesticides
A. J. Tesoriero, D. A. Saad, K.R. Burow, E. A. Frick, L.J. Puckett, J.E. Barbash
2007, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (94) 139-155
Tracer-based ground-water ages, along with the concentrations of pesticides, nitrogen species, and other redox-active constituents, were used to evaluate the trends and transformations of agricultural chemicals along flow paths in diverse hydrogeologic settings. A range of conditions affecting the transformation of nitrate and pesticides (e.g., thickness of unsaturated zone, redox...
Intersex (Testicular Oocytes) in smallmouth bass from the Potomac River and selected nearby drainages
Vicki S. Blazer, Luke R. Iwanowicz, Deborah D. Iwanowicz, David R. Smith, John A. Young, J.D. Hedrick, S.W. Foster, S.J. Reeser
2007, Journal of Aquatic Animal Health (19) 242-253
Intersex, or the presence of characteristics of both sexes, in fishes that are normally gonochoristic has been used as an indicator of exposure to estrogenic compounds. In 2003, during health assessments conducted in response to kills and a high prevalence of skin lesions observed in smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu in...
Use of a watershed model to characterize the fate and transport of fluometuron, a soil-applied cotton herbicide, in surface water
R.H. Coupe
2007, International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry (87) 883-896
The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to characterize the fate and transport of fluometuron (a herbicide used on cotton) in the Bogue Phalia Basin in northwestern Mississippi, USA. SWAT is a basin-scale watershed model, able to simulate hydrological, chemical, and sediment transport processes. After adjustments to a...
A simple pore water hydrogen diffusion syringe sampler
Don Vroblesky, Francis H. Chapelle, Paul M. Bradley
2007, Ground Water (45) 798-802
Molecular hydrogen (H2) is an important intermediate product and electron donor in microbial metabolism. Concentrations of dissolved H 2 are often diagnostic of the predominant terminal electron-accepting processes in ground water systems or aquatic sediments. H2 concentrations are routinely measured in ground water monitoring wells but are rarely measured in...
Ammonia-oxidizing bacterial community composition in estuarine and oceanic environments assessed using a functional gene microarray
B.B. Ward, D. Eveillard, Julie D. Kirshtein, J.D. Nelson, Mary A. Voytek, G. A. Jackson
2007, Environmental Microbiology (9) 2522-2538
The relationship between environmental factors and functional gene diversity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) was investigated across a transect from the freshwater portions of the Chesapeake Bay and Choptank River out into the Sargasso Sea. Oligonucleotide probes (70-bp) designed to represent the diversity of ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) genes from Chesapeake Bay...
Ordination of breeding birds in relation to environmental gradients in three southeastern United States floodplain forests
J.S. Wakeley, M.P. Guilfoyle, T. J. Antrobus, R.A. Fischer, W.C. Barrow Jr., P.B. Hamel
2007, Wetlands Ecology and Management (15) 417-439
We used an ordination approach to identify factors important to the organization of breeding bird communities in three floodplains: Cache River, Arkansas (AR), Iatt Creek, Louisiana (LA), and the Coosawhatchie River, South Carolina (SC), USA. We used 5-min point counts to sample birds in each study area each spring from...
Influence of groundwater pumping on streamflow restoration following upstream dam removal
James E. Constantz, Hedeff I. Essaid
2007, Hydrological Processes (21) 2823-2834
We compared streamflow in basins under the combined impacts of an upland dam and groundwater pumping withdrawals, by examining streamflow in the presence and absence of each impact. As a qualitative analysis, inter-watershed streamflow comparisons were performed for several rivers flowing into the east side...
A cold phase of the East Pacific triggers new phytoplankton blooms in San Francisco Bay
James E. Cloern, Alan D. Jassby, Janet K. Thompson, Kathryn Hieb
2007, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (104) 18561-18565
Ecological observations sustained over decades often reveal abrupt changes in biological communities that signal altered ecosystem states. We report a large shift in the biological communities of San Francisco Bay, first detected as increasing phytoplankton biomass and occurrences of new seasonal blooms that began in 1999. This phytoplankton increase is...
Evaluation of sulfate reduction at experimentally induced mixing interfaces using small-scale push-pull tests in an aquifer-wetland system
T.A. Kneeshaw, Jennifer T. McGuire, Erik W. Smith, Isabelle M. Cozzarelli
2007, Applied Geochemistry (22) 2618-2629
This paper presents small-scale push–pull tests designed to evaluate the kinetic controls on SO42-">SO42- reduction in situ at mixing interfaces between a wetland and aquifer impacted by landfill leachate at the Norman Landfill research site, Norman, OK. Quantifying the...
Mode of occurrence and environmental mobility of oil-field radioactive material at US Geological Survey research site B, Osage-Skiatook Project, northeastern Oklahoma
Robert A. Zielinski, James R. Budahn
2007, Applied Geochemistry (22) 2125-2137
Two samples of produced-water collected from a storage tank at US Geological Survey research site B, near Skiatook Lake in northeastern Oklahoma, have activity concentrations of dissolved 226Ra and 228Ra that are about 1500 disintegrations/min/L (dpm/L). Produced-water also contains minor amounts of small (5–50 μm) suspended grains of Ra-bearing BaSO4 (barite). Precipitation of radioactive...
Discontinuities in stream nutrient uptake below lakes in mountain drainage networks
C.D. Arp, M. A. Baker
2007, Limnology and Oceanography (52) 1978-1990
In many watersheds, lakes and streams are hydrologically linked in spatial patterns that influence material transport and retention. We hypothesized that lakes affect stream nutrient cycling via modifications to stream hydrogeomorphology, source-waters, and biological communities. We tested this hypothesis in a lake district of the Sawtooth Mountains, Idaho. Uptake of...
Rainfall limit of the N cycle on Earth
Stephanie A. Ewing, Greg Michalski, Mark Thiemens, R.C. Quinn, J. L. Macalady, S. Kohl, Scott D. Wankel, Carol Kendall, Christopher P McKay, Ronald Amundson
2007, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (21)
In most climates on Earth, biological processes control soil N. In the Atacama Desert of Chile, aridity severely limits biology, and soils accumulate atmospheric NO3−. We examined this apparent transformation of the soil N cycle using a series of ancient Atacama Desert soils (>2 My) that vary in rainfall (21...
Revisiting the cape cod bacteria injection experiment using a stochastic modeling approach
Reed M. Maxwell, Claire Welty, Ronald W. Harvey
2007, Environmental Science & Technology (41) 5548-5558
Bromide and resting-cell bacteria tracer tests conducted in a sandy aquifer at the U.S. Geological Survey Cape Cod site in 1987 were reinterpreted using a three-dimensional stochastic approach. Bacteria transport was coupled to colloid filtration theory through functional dependence of local-scale colloid transport parameters upon hydraulic conductivity and seepage velocity...
Water table fluctuations under three riparian land covers, Iowa (USA)
K. E. Schilling
2007, Hydrological Processes (21) 2415-2424
Water table depth is known to play an important role in nitrogen cycling in riparian zones, but little detailed monitoring of water table fluctuations has been reported. In this study, results of high-resolution water table monitoring under three common riparian land covers (forest, cool season grass, corn) were analysed to...
Quantitative PCR detection of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis DNA from sediments and water
Julie D. Kirshtein, Chauncey W. Anderson, J.S. Wood, Joyce E. Longcore, Mary A. Voytek
2007, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms (77) 11-15
The fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) causes chytridiomycosis, a disease implicated in amphibian declines on 5 continents. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primer sets exist with which amphibians can be tested for this disease, and advances in sampling techniques allow non-invasive testing of animals. We developed filtering and PCR based quantitative...
A method to estimate groundwater depletion from confining layers
Leonard F. Konikow, Christopher E. Neuzil
2007, Water Resources Research (43)
Although depletion of storage in low‐permeability confining layers is the source of much of the groundwater produced from many confined aquifer systems, it is all too frequently overlooked or ignored. This makes effective management of groundwater resources difficult by masking how much water has been derived from storage and, in...
Monitoring engineered remediation with borehole radar
John W. Lane Jr., Frederick D. Day-Lewis, Peter K. Joesten
2007, The Leading Edge (26) 1032-1035
The success of engineered remediation is predicated on correct emplacement of either amendments (e.g., vegetable-oil emulsion, lactate, molasses, etc.) or permeable reactive barriers (e.g., vegetable oil, zero-valent iron, etc.) to enhance microbial or geochemical breakdown of contaminants and treat contaminants. Currently, site managers have limited tools to provide information about...
Oxygen isotopes in nitrite: Analysis, calibration, and equilibration
K.L. Casciotti, John Karl Bohlke, M.R. McIlvin, Stanley J. Mroczkowski, Janet E. Hannon
2007, Analytical Chemistry (79) 2427-2436
Nitrite is a central intermediate in the nitrogen cycle and can persist in significant concentrations in ocean waters, sediment pore waters, and terrestrial groundwaters. To fully interpret the effect of microbial processes on nitrate (NO3-), nitrite (NO2-), and nitrous oxide (N2O) cycling in these systems, the nitrite pool must be...
Modeling the movement of a pH perturbation and its impact on adsorbed zinc and phosphate in a wastewater‐contaminated aquifer
Douglas B. Kent, J.A. Wilkie, J.A. Davis
2007, Water Resources Research (43)
[1] Chemical conditions were perturbed in an aquifer with an ambient pH of 5.9 and wastewater-derived adsorbed zinc (Zn) and phosphate (P) contamination by injecting a pulse of amended groundwater. The injected groundwater had low concentrations of dissolved Zn and P, a pH value of...
Numerical modelling to determine freshwater/saltwater interface configuration in a low-gradient coastal wetland aquifer
E. Swain, M. Wolfert
2007, Conference Paper, IAHS-AISH Publication
A coupled hydrodynamic surface-water/groundwater model with salinity transport is used to examine the aquifer salinity interface in the coastal wetlands of Everglades National Park in Florida, USA. The hydrology differs from many other coastal areas in that inland water levels are often higher than land surface, the flow gradients are...
Efficiency of conventional drinking-water-treatment processes in removal of pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds
Paul E. Stackelberg, Jacob Gibs, Edward T. Furlong, Michael T. Meyer, Steven D. Zaugg, R.L. Lippincott
2007, Science of the Total Environment (377) 255-272
Samples of water and sediment from a conventional drinking-water-treatment (DWT) plant were analyzed for 113 organic compounds (OCs) that included pharmaceuticals, detergent degradates, flame retardants and plasticizers, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), fragrances and flavorants, pesticides and an insect repellent, and plant and animal steroids. 45 of these compounds were detected...
Groundwater flow with energy transport and water-ice phase change: Numerical simulations, benchmarks, and application to freezing in peat bogs
J.M. McKenzie, Clifford I. Voss, D. I. Siegel
2007, Advances in Water Resources (30) 966-983
In northern peatlands, subsurface ice formation is an important process that can control heat transport, groundwater flow, and biological activity. Temperature was measured over one and a half years in a vertical profile in the Red Lake Bog, Minnesota. To successfully simulate the transport of heat within the peat profile,...
The chemical response of particle-associated contaminants in aquatic sediments to urbanization in New England, U.S.A.
A.T. Chalmers, P. C. Van Metre, E. Callender
2007, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (91) 4-25
Relations between urbanization and particle-associated contaminants in New England were evaluated using a combination of samples from sediment cores, streambed sediments, and suspended stream sediments. Concentrations of PAHs, PCBs, DDT, and seven trace metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn) were correlated strongly with urbanization, with the strongest relations...
Ground water stratification and delivery of nitrate to an incised stream under varying flow conditions
John Karl Bohlke, M. E. O’Connell, K.L. Prestegaard
2007, Journal of Environmental Quality (36) 664-680
Ground water processes affecting seasonal variations of surface water nitrate concentrations were investigated in an incised first-order stream in an agricultural watershed with a riparian forest in the coastal plain of Maryland. Aquifer characteristics including sediment stratigraphy, geochemistry, and hydraulic properties were examined in combination with chemical and isotopic analyses...
