Current status and recent dynamics of the Black Brant Branta bernicla breeding population
James S. Sedinger, Calvin J. Lensink, David H. Ward, Michael W. Anthony, Michael L. Wege, G. Vernon Byrd
1993, Wildfowl (44) 39-48
We summarize current knowledge about the distribution of Pacific Black Brant and recent dynamics of colonies, particularly on the Yukon-Kuskokwim (Y-K) Delta, Alaska. About 20,000 nests are required to produce the number of young in the autumn flight using estimates of clutch size, hatching success and gosling survival based on...
Population trends of Alaskan seabirds
Scott A. Hatch
1993, Pacific Seabird Group Bulletin (20) 3-12
Ornithology in Alaska formally began with the observations of Georg Wilhelm Steller during Vitus Bering's voyage of discovery in 1741. Steller's journal makes brief mention of various seabird species he encountered during his travels in the Gulf of Alaska and Aleutian Islands (Frost and Engel 1988). For more than 100...
Cytonuclear genetic architecture in mosquitofish populations and the possible roles of introgressive hybridization
Kim T. Scribner, John C. Avise
1993, Molecular Ecology (2) 139-149
Spatial genetic structure in populations of mosquitofish (Gambusia) sampled throughout the south-eastern United States was characterized using mitochondrial (mt) DNA and allozyme markers. Both sets of data revealed a pronounced genetic discontinuity (along a broad path extending from south-eastern Mississippi to north-eastern Georgia) that corresponds to a recently recognized distinction...
Tilting, burial, and uplift of the Guadalupe Igneous Complex, Sierra Nevada, California
Peter J. Haeussler, Scott R. Paterson
1993, Geological Society of America Bulletin (105) 1310-1320
It is often incorrectly assumed that plutons have a relatively uneventful structural history after emplacement. The 151 Ma Guadalupe Igneous Complex (GIC) in the Foothills Terrane, California, was involved in three post-emplacement events: (1) ∼30° of southwestside-up tilting during ductile regional faulting and contraction, (2) burial of the pluton from...
Behavioral ecology of black-legged kittiwakes during chick rearing in a failing colony
Bay D. Roberts, Scott A. Hatch
1993, The Condor (95) 330-342
Compared with their Atlantic counterparts, Black-legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) in North Pacific colonies are notably unproductive. A large colony on Middleton Island, Alaska, has in most years since 1981 seen complete breeding failure and the population has declined by half. We compared parent-offspring behaviors in this colony during two years...
Distribution and abundance of Marbled Murrelets in Alaska
John F. Piatt, R. Glenn Ford
1993, The Condor (95) 662-669
Most seabirds breed in colonies on offshore islands, but throughout most of their range from California to Alaska Marbled Murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) fly inland to nest on trees in old-growth coniferous forests. Some fraction of the murrelet population nests on the ground in Alaska. The relative distribution and abundance of...
Are Bald Eagles important predators of Emperor Geese?
Robert E. Gill Jr., Karen L. Kincheloe
1993, Journal of Raptor Research (27) 34-36
Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and geese often occur together, especially at sites used by geese for migrational staging and wintering. Although numerous studies have been directed at these taxa, there are only anecdotal accounts (Parris et al. 1980, Bennett and Klaas 1986, Bartley 1988) of Bald Eagles killing healthy geese...
Family stability in greater white-fronted geese
Craig R. Ely
1993, The Auk (110) 425-235
I investigated the stability of parent-offspring bonds, and sibling-sibling bonds of neck-banded Greater White-fronted Geese (Anser albifrons frontalis) during winters (September-May) in California and southern Oregon from 1979 to 1989. Geese captured at feeding sites were more likely to be in social groups than those captured at roosting sites. Offspring...
Survival and pre-fledging body mass in juvenile emperor geese
Joel A. Schmutz
1993, The Condor (95) 222-225
A positive relationship exists between fledgling body mass and juvenile survival for some altricial (Krementz et al. 1989, Magrath 1991, Linden et al. 1992) and precocial (Owen and Black 1989, Longcore et al. 1991, Francis et al. 1992) species. Because the energetic demands of migration are high, physiologic condition may...
Volcanic activity in Alaska: September 1991-September 1992
Game McGimsey
1993, Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS) (24) 60-73
More than 40 historically active volcanic centers, each consisting of one or more volcanoes, are located on the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands (see map on next page). On average, at least one of these volcanoes erupts each year....
Conservation genetics of managed ungulate populations
Kim T. Scribner
1993, Acta Theriologica (38) 89-101
Natural populations of many species are increasingly impacted by human activities. Perturbations are particularly pronunced for large ungulates due in part to sport and commercial harvest, to reductions and fragmentation of native habitat, and as the result of reintroductions. These perturbations affect population size, sex and age composition, and population...
Sex identification of polar bears from blood and tissue samples
Steven C. Amstrup, G.W. Garner, M. A. Cronin, J.C. Patton
1993, Canadian Journal of Zoology (71) 2174-2177
Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) can be adversely affected by hunting and other human perturbations because of low population densities and low reproduction rates. The sustainable take of adult females may be as low as 1.5% of the population. Females and accompanying young are most vulnerable to hunting, and hunters have...
Earthquakes, May-June 1993
W. J. Person
1993, Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS) (24) 147-152
A major earthquake (7.0≤M<8.0) occurred on June 8 during this reporting period. This magnitude 7.3 earthquake was centered off the east coast of Kamchatka. there were no earthquake-related deaths during the months of May and June. Seismicity in the United States included two strong earthquakes in Alaska. The first, a magntidue...
Channel geometry data of streams in the lower Drift River basin affected by the 1989-90 eruptions of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska
J.M. Dorava, B.A. May, D. F. Meyer, L.V. Myers
1993, Open-File Report 93-94
No abstract available....
Status and ecology of kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla and R. brevirostris) in the North Pacific
Scott A. Hatch, G.V. Byrd, D.B. Irons, G.L. Hunt Jr.
Kees Vermeer, K.T. Briggs, K.H. Morgan, D. Siegel-Causey, editor(s)
1993, Conference Paper, The status, ecology and conservation of marine birds of the North Pacific
Black-legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) are widely distributed in the subarctic North Pacific and adjacent seas, with a total breeding population of about 2.6 million individuals. Red-legged Kittiwakes (R. brevirostris) breed in four locations, and at least 95% of their estimated world population of 230,000 birds nest on one island (St....
Losses of seabirds in gill nets in the North Pacific
Anthony R. DeGange, Robert H. Day, Jean E. Takekawa, Vivian M. Mendenhall
Kees Vermeer, K.T. Briggs, K.H. Morgan, D. Siegel-Causey, editor(s)
1993, Conference Paper, The status, ecology and conservation of marine birds of the North Pacific
Existing knowledge on high-seas and coastal gillnet fisheries known to kill seabirds in the North Pacific is summarized. Recent estimates suggest that high-seas gillnet fisheries may have taken more than 500,000 seabirds in 1990. The majority of birds taken in those fisheries were Sooty Puffinus griseus or Short-tailed P. tenuirostris...
Seabirds of the central North Pacific
P.J. Gould, John F. Piatt
Kees Vermeer, K.T. Briggs, K.H. Morgan, D. Siegel-Causey, editor(s)
1993, Conference Paper, The status, ecology and conservation of marine birds of the North Pacific
No abstract available....
Ecology and population status of Northern Fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis) of the North Pacific
Scott A. Hatch
Kees Vermeer, K.T. Briggs, K.H. Morgan, D. Siegel-Causey, editor(s)
1993, Conference Paper, The status, ecology and conservation of marine birds of the North Pacific
In the North Pacific, the breeding distribution of Northern Fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis) includes about equal numbers of very large colonies (50,000-500,000 individuals) and relatively small ones (5-5,000 individuals). The almost complete segregation of light and dark colour phases between adjacent colonies in the Bering Sea and Sea of Okhotsk suggests...
Implementation of biomarker-based studies
John J. Stegeman, Brenda E. Ballachey, J. Bickham, B. Hocker, S. Kennedy, H. Thompson, A.D. Vethaak
David B. Peakall, Lee R. Shugart, editor(s)
1993, Book chapter, Biomarkers: Research and application in the assessment of environmental health: Proceedings of the NATO advanced research workshop on biological markers
Biomarkers may be used to determine chemical exposure and effects in several important ways. These include (1) evaluation of new agricultural or industrial chemicals for effects, (2) screening of municipal or industrial effluents, (3) determining the geographic distribution of chemical effects in the environment and their changes over time, (4)...
Population dynamics of the Laysan and other albatrosses in the North Pacific
Patrick J. Gould, Rod Hobbs
J. Ito, W. Shaw, R.L. Burgner, editor(s)
1993, Bulletin of the International North Pacific Fisheries Comission 53(III)
Laysan albatrosses (Diomedea immutabilis) are among the most prominent bird species which interact with commercial fisheries in the North Pacific. They are attracted to fishing nets and vessels and feed extensively on animals caught in nets, waste fish, offal, and refuse discarded from vessels. Approximately 17,500 individuals were killed in...
A postulated new source for the White River Ash, Alaska: A section in Geologic studies in Alaska by the US. Geological Survey, 1990
Robert G. McGimsey, Donald H. Richter, Gregory D. DuBois, T. P. Miller
1992, Bulletin 1999
The White River Ash (Lerbekmo and others, 1968), product of two of the most voluminous pyroclastic eruptions in North America in the past 2,000 yr, blankets much of the Yukon Terrtory, Canada, and a small part of adjoining eastern Alaska. Lerbekmo and Campbell (1969) narrowed the source of the ash...
Geomorphic response to the 1989-90 eruptions of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska
J.M. Dorava
1992, Conference Paper, 1992 American Water Resources Association Annual Conference
No abstract available....
Puffins as samplers of juvenile pollock and other forage fish in the Gulf of Alaska
Scott Hatch, Gerald A. Sanger
1992, Marine Ecology Progress Series (80) 1-14
We sampled the nestling diets of tufted puffins (Fratercula cirrhata) and horned puffins (F. corniculata) in 3 years at colonies from the north-central Gulf of Alaska to the eastern Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA. Overall, tufted puffins consumed (by weight) 41% sandlance (Ammodytes hexapterus), 22% capelin (Mallotus villosus), 19% walleye pollock...
A study of the genetic relationships within and among wolf packs using DNA fingerprinting and mitochondrial DNA
Niles Lehman, Peter Clarkson, L. David Mech, Thomas J. Meier, Robert K. Wayne
1992, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology (30) 83-94
DNA fingerprinting and mitochondrial DNA analyses have not been used in combination to study relatedness in natural populations. We present an approach that involves defining the mean fingerprint similarities among individuals thought to be unrelated because they have different mtDNA genotypes. Two classes of related individuals are identified by their...
Change-in-ratio
Mark S. Udevitz
Abdel H. El-Shaarawi, Walter W. Piegorsch, editor(s)
1992, Book chapter, Encyclopedia of Environmetrics, volume 1
Change-in-ratio (CIR) methods are used to estimate parameters for ecological populations subject to differential removals from population subclasses. Subclasses can be defined according to criteria such as sex, age, or size of individuals. Removals are generally in the form of closely monitored sport or commercial harvests. Estimation is based on...
