Sampling blood from big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) in the field with and without anesthesia: Impacts on survival
L.E. Ellison, T. J. O'Shea, J. Wimsatt, R.D. Pearce, D.J. Neubaum, M.A. Neubaum, R. A. Bowen
2006, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (42) 849-852
Blood was collected from wild big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) with and without anesthesia in Fort Collins, Colorado in 2004 to assess the impacts of these procedures on short-term survival and 1-yr return rates. Short-term survival and 1-yr return rates after release were passively monitored using PIT tag detection hoops...
Sampling strategies for volatile organic compounds at three karst springs in Tennessee
S.D. Williams, W.J. Wolfe, J.J. Farmer
2006, Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (26) 53-62
The influence of different sampling strategies on characterizing volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations and estimating VOC loads was evaluated at three karst springs in Tennessee. During a 6-month period, water samples for VOC analyses were collected weekly at all three springs and as frequently as every 20 min during storms...
Wild bird mortality and West Nile virus surveillance: Biases associated with detection, reporting, and carcass persistence
M.R. Ward, D.E. Stallknecht, J. Willis, M.J. Conroy, W.R. Davidson
2006, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (42) 92-106
Surveillance targeting dead wild birds, in particular American crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos), plays a critical role in West Nile virus (WNV) surveillance in the United States. Using crow decoy surrogates, detection and reporting of crow carcasses within urban and rural environments of DeKalb County, Georgia were assessed for potential biases that...
Cloud-to-ground lightning and surface rainfall in warm-season Florida thunderstorms
B. Gungle, E.P. Krider
2006, Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres (111)
Relationships between cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning and surface rainfall have been examined in nine isolated, warm-season thunderstorms on the east coast of central Florida. CG flashes and the associated rain volumes were measured as a function of time in storm-centered reference frames that followed each storm over a network of rain...
Cross-shore velocity shear, eddies and heterogeneity in water column properties over fringing coral reefs: West Maui, Hawaii
C. D. Storlazzi, M.A. McManus, J.B. Logan, B.E. McLaughlin
2006, Continental Shelf Research (26) 401-421
A multi-day hydrographic survey cruise was conducted to acquire spatially extensive, but temporally limited, high-resolution, three-dimensional measurements of currents, temperature, salinity and turbidity off West Maui in the summer of 2003 to better understand coastal dynamics along a complex island shoreline with coral reefs. These data complement long-term, high-resolution tide,...
Annual sediment flux estimates in a tidal strait using surrogate measurements
N. K. Ganju, D. H. Schoellhamer
2006, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (69) 165-178
Annual suspended-sediment flux estimates through Carquinez Strait (the seaward boundary of Suisun Bay, California) are provided based on surrogate measurements for advective, dispersive, and Stokes drift flux. The surrogates are landward watershed discharge, suspended-sediment concentration at one location in the Strait, and the longitudinal salinity gradient. The first two surrogates...
Perspectives on basaltic magma crystallization and differentiation: Lava-lake blocks erupted at Mauna Loa volcano summit, Hawaii
Renee L. McCarter, R.V. Fodor, Frank A. Trusdell
2006, LITHOS (90) 187-213
Explosive eruptions at Mauna Loa summit ejected coarse-grained blocks (free of lava coatings) from Moku'aweoweo caldera. Most are gabbronorites and gabbros that have 0–26 vol.% olivine and 1–29 vol.% oikocrystic orthopyroxene. Some blocks are ferrogabbros and diorites with micrographic matrices, and diorite veins (≤2 cm) cross-cut some gabbronorites and gabbros. One block...
Bald Friar Metabasalt and Kennett Square Amphibolite: Two Iapetan Ocean Floor Basalts
R.C. Smith II
2006, Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences (28) 238-253
The Bald Friar Metabasalt (BFM) and Kennett Square Amphibolite (KSA) are basaltic units found in the Piedmont of southeastern Pennsylvania. The BFM is also recognized in northern Maryland. Both are believed to represent fragments of the floor of the Iapetus Ocean, but are not known occur in direct association with...
Local response of a glacier to annual filling and drainage of an ice-marginal lake
J. S. Walder, D.C. Trabant, M. Cunico, A. G. Fountain, S.P. Anderson, R. Scott Anderson, A. Malm
2006, Journal of Glaciology (52) 440-450
Ice-marginal Hidden Creek Lake, Alaska, USA, outbursts annually over the course of 2-3 days. As the lake fills, survey targets on the surface of the 'ice dam' (the glacier adjacent to the lake) move obliquely to the ice margin and rise substantially. As the lake drains, ice motion speeds up,...
Detection probabilities and site occupancy estimates for amphibians at Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge
L. L. Smith, W.J. Barichivich, J.S. Staiger, Kimberly G. Smith, C.K. Dodd Jr.
2006, American Midland Naturalist (155) 149-161
We conducted an amphibian inventory at Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge from August 2000 to June 2002 as part of the U.S. Department of the Interior's national Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative. Nineteen species of amphibians (15 anurans and 4 caudates) were documented within the Refuge, including one protected species, the...
Lake Sturgeon, Acipenser fulvescens, movements in Rainy Lake, Minnesota and Ontario
W.E. Adams Jr., L.W. Kallemeyn, D.W. Willis
2006, Canadian Field-Naturalist (120) 71-82
Rainy Lake, Minnesota-Ontario, contains a native population of Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) that has gone largely unstudied. The objective of this descriptive study was to summarize generalized Lake Sturgeon movement patterns through the use of biotelemetry. Telemetry data reinforced the high utilization of the Squirrel Falls geographic location by Lake...
Geology and geochemistry of jasperoids from the Gold Bar district, Nevada
O. Yigit, A. H. Hofstra, M.W. Hitzman, E.P. Nelson
2006, Mineralium Deposita (41) 527-547
Gold Bar is one of several Carlin-type gold mining districts located in the Battle Mountain-Eureka trend, Nevada. It is composed of one main deposit, Gold Bar; five satellite deposits; and four resources that contain 1.6 Moz (50 t) of gold. All of the deposits and resources occur at the intersection...
Branch length mediates flower production and inflorescence architecture of Fouquieria splendens (ocotillo)
Janice E. Bowers
2006, Plant Ecology (186) 87-95
The capacity of individual branches to store water and fix carbon can have profound effects on inflorescence size and architecture, thus on floral display, pollination, and fecundity. Mixed regression was used to investigate the relation between branch length, a proxy for plant resources, and floral display of Fouquieria splendens (ocotillo),...
Blood lead levels of wild Steller's eiders (Polysticta stelleri) and black scoters (Melanitta nigra) in Alaska using a portable blood lead analyzer
Corrine S. Brown, Joanne Luebbert, Daniel M. Mulcahy, Jason L. Schamber, Daniel H. Rosenberg
2006, Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine (37) 361-365
Sea duck populations are declining in Alaska. The reasons for the decline are not known; environmental lead exposure is one suspected cause. Thirty wild Steller's eider ducks (Polysticta stelleri) and 40 wild black scoter ducks (Melanitta nigra) were tested for blood lead levels using a portable blood lead analyzer (LeadCare;...
2480 Ma mafic magmatism in the northern Black Hills, South Dakota: A new link connecting the Wyoming and Superior cratons
P.S. Dahl, M.A. Hamilton, J. L. Wooden, K.A. Foland, R. Frei, J.A. McCombs, D.K. Holm
2006, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (43) 1579-1600
The Laramide Black Hills uplift of southwest South Dakota exposes a Precambrian crystalline core of ???2560-2600 Ma basement granitoids nonconformably overlain by two Paleoproterozoic intracratonic rift successions. In the northern Black Hills, a 1 km thick, layered sill (the Blue Draw metagabbro) that intrudes the older rift succession provides a...
Resource availability controls fungal diversity across a plant diversity gradient
M. P. Waldrop, D.R. Zak, C.B. Blackwood, C.D. Curtis, D. Tilman
2006, Ecology Letters (9) 1127-1135
Despite decades of research, the ecological determinants of microbial diversity remain poorly understood. Here, we test two alternative hypotheses concerning the factors regulating fungal diversity in soil. The first states that higher levels of plant detritus production increase the supply of limiting resources (i.e. organic substrates) thereby increasing fungal diversity....
Detrital zircon provenance of the Late Triassic Songpan-Ganzi complex: Sedimentary record of collision of the North and South China blocks
Amy Weislogel, Stephan A. Graham, E. Z. Chang, Joseph L. Wooden, George E. Gehrels, H. Yang
2006, Geology (34) 97-100
Using detrital zircon geochronology, turbidite deposystems fed from distinct sediment sources can be distinguished within the Songpan-Ganzi complex, a collapsed Middle to Late Triassic turbidite basin of central China. A southern Songpan-Ganzi deposystem initially was sourced solely by erosion of the Qinling-Dabie orogen during early Late Triassic time, then by...
Association of the 1886 Charleston, South Carolina, earthquake and seismicity near Summervile with a 12º bend in the East Coast fault system and triple-fault junctions
R. Marple, R. Miller
2006, Southeastern Geology (44) 101-127
Seismic-reflection data were integrated with other geophysical, geologic, and seismicity data to better determine the location and nature of buried faults in the Charleston, South Carolina, region. Our results indicate that the 1886 Charleston, South Carolina, earthquake and seismicity near Summerville are related to local stresses caused by a 12??...
Breeding biology and success of a reintroduced population of the critically endangered Puaiohi (Myadestes palmeri)
E.J. Tweed, J.T. Foster, B.L. Woodworth, W.B. Monahan, J.L. Kellerman, A. Lieberman
2006, The Auk (123) 753-763
The ultimate success of reintroduction programs for endangered species depends on the ability of reintroduced animals to breed in the wild. We studied the nesting success and breeding biology of a reintroduced population of Puaiohi (Myadestes palmeri) on the island of Kaua'i, Hawaii. Thirty-four captive-bred Puaiohi were released into the...
Proximate and landscape factors influence grassland bird distributions
M.A. Cunningham, Douglas H. Johnson
2006, Ecological Applications (16) 1062-1075
Ecologists increasingly recognize that birds can respond to features well beyond their normal areas of activity, but little is known about the relative importance of landscapes and proximate factors or about the scales of landscapes that influence bird distributions. We examined the influences of tree cover at both proximate and...
Evidence for intensification of the global water cycle: Review and synthesis
Thomas G. Huntington
2006, Journal of Hydrology (319) 83-95
One of the more important questions in hydrology is: if the climate warms in the future, will there be an intensification of the water cycle and, if so, the nature of that intensification? There is considerable interest in this question because an intensification of the water cycle may lead to changes in water-resource availability,...
Pilot inventory of mammals, reptiles, and amphibians, Golden Gate National Recreation Area, California, 1990-1997
Marcia Semenoff-Irving, Judd A. Howell
2005, Open-File Report 2005-1381
The United States Geological Survey Golden Gate Field Station conducted a baseline inventory of terrestrial vertebrates within the Golden Gate National Recreation Area (GGNRA), Marin, San Francisco, and San Mateo Counties, California between 1990 and 1997. We established 456 permanent study plots in 6 major park habitats, including grassland, coastal...
Mineral of the month: chromium
John F. Papp
2005, Geotimes (2005)
Chromium is one of the most indispensable industrial metals and it plays an essential but hidden role in daily life. Chromium is used in many consumer and building products, and it contributes to a clean, efficient and healthy environment....
Mineral of the month: aluminum
Patricia A. Plunkert
2005, Geotimes (2005)
Aluminum is the second most abundant metallic element in Earth’s crust after silicon. Even so, it is a comparatively new industrial metal that has been produced in commercial quantities for little more than 100 years. Aluminum is lightweight, ductile, malleable and corrosion resistant, and is a good conductor of heat...
Mineral of the month: tin
James F. Carlin Jr.
2005, Geotimes (2005)
Tin was one of the first metals discovered by humans and, like most metals, tin is rarely used by itself. Most tin is used as a protective coating or as an alloy with other metals in a diverse range of commercial and defense applications....
