Assessing background ground water chemistry beneath a new unsewered subdivision
J.D. Wilcox, K. R. Bradbury, C. L. Thomas, J.M. Bahr
2005, Ground Water (43) 787-795
Previous site-specific studies designed to assess the impacts of unsewered subdivisions on ground water quality have relied on upgradient monitoring wells or very limited background data to characterize conditions prior to development. In this study, an extensive monitoring program was designed to document ground water conditions prior to construction of...
Walrus foraging marks on the seafloor in Bristol Bay, Alaska: A reconnaissance survey
Brian D. Bornhold, Chadwick V. Jay, Robert McConnaughey, Glenda Rathwell, Karl Rhynas, William Collins
2005, Geo-Marine Letters (25) 293-299
A reconnaissance sidescan sonar survey in Bristol Bay, Alaska revealed extensive areas of seafloor with features related to walrus foraging. They are similar to those seen in areas such as the outer Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea. Two types of feature were observed: (a) small (≪1 m diameter) shallow pits, often...
Integrating habitat status, human population pressure, and protection status into biodiversity conservation priority setting
Hua Shi, Ashbindu Singh, S. Kant, Zhiliang Zhu, E. Waller
2005, Conservation Biology (19) 1273-1285
Priority setting is an essential component of biodiversity conservation. Existing methods to identify priority areas for conservation have focused almost entirely on biological factors. We suggest a new relative ranking method for identifying priority conservation areas that integrates both biological and social aspects. It is based on the following criteria:...
Human land use influences chronic wasting disease prevalence in mule deer
Matthew L. Farnsworth, L.L. Wolfe, N.T. Hobbs, K.P. Burnham, E.S. Williams, D.M. Theobald, M.M. Conner, M.W. Miller
2005, Ecological Applications (15) 119-126
Human alteration of landscapes can affect the distribution, abundance, and behavior of wildlife. We explored the effects of human land use on the prevalence of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) populations residing in north-central Colorado. We chose best approximating models estimating CWD prevalence in relation to...
Evidence for magmatic evolution and diversity on Mars from infrared observations
P. R. Christensen, H.Y. McSween Jr., J. L. Bandfield, S. W. Ruff, A.D. Rogers, V.E. Hamilton, N. Gorelick, M.B. Wyatt, B. M. Jakosky, H. H. Kieffer, M. C. Malin, J.E. Moersch
2005, Nature (436) 504-509
Compositional mapping of Mars at the 100-metre scale with the Mars Odyssey Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) has revealed a wide diversity of igneous materials. Volcanic evolution produced compositions from low-silica basalts to high-silica dacite in the Syrtis Major caldera. The existence of dacite demonstrates that highly evolved lavas have...
Development of the caudal exoskeleton of the pliomerid trilobite Hintzeia plicamarginis new species
A.G. Simpson, N.C. Hughes, D. C. Kopaska-Merkel, R. Ludvigsen
2005, Conference Paper, Evolution and Development
The later juvenile ontogeny of the caudal plate of the early Ordovician pliomerid trilobite Hintzeia plicamarginis new species likely comprised an initial phase during which the rate of appearance of new segments subterminally exceeded that of segment release into the thorax, a short phase of constant segment numbers, and a...
Tropical to mid-latitude snow and ice accumulation, flow and glaciation on Mars
J.W. Head, G. Neukum, R. Jaumann, H. Hiesinger, E. Hauber, M. Carr, P. Masson, B. Foing, H. Hoffmann, M. Kreslavsky, S. Werner, S. Milkovich, S. Van Gasselt
2005, Nature (434) 346-351
Images from the Mars Express HRSC (High-Resolution Stereo Camera) of debris aprons at the base of massifs in eastern Hellas reveal numerous concentrically ridged lobate and pitted features and related evidence of extremely ice-rich glacier-like viscous flow and sublimation. Together with new evidence for recent ice-rich rock glaciers at the...
Technical review of the status of Northern Goshawks in the western United States
D. E. Andersen, S. DeStefano, M.I. Goldstein, K. Titus, C. Crocker-Bedford, J.J. Keane, R.G. Anthony, Robert N. Rosenfield
2005, Journal of Raptor Research (39) 192-209
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) was petitioned in 1997 to consider listing Northern Goshawks (Accipiter gentilis atricapillus) under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, west of the 100th meridian of the contiguous United States. In their 12-mo finding issued in June 1998, the FWS determined that listing this...
Accurate elevation and normal moveout corrections of seismic reflection data on rugged topography
J. Liu, J. Xia, C. Chen, G. Zhang
2005, New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics (48) 707-716
The application of the seismic reflection method is often limited in areas of complex terrain. The problem is the incorrect correction of time shifts caused by topography. To apply normal moveout (NMO) correction to reflection data correctly, static corrections are necessary to be applied in advance for the compensation of...
Effects of suburban development on runoff generation in the Croton River basin, New York, USA
Douglas A. Burns, T. Vitvar, J. McDonnell, J. Hassett, J. Duncan, Carol Kendall
2005, Journal of Hydrology (311) 266-281
The effects of impervious area, septic leach-field effluent, and a riparian wetland on runoff generation were studied in three small (0.38–0.56 km2) headwater catchments that represent a range of suburban development (high density residential, medium density residential, and undeveloped) within the Croton River basin, 70 km north of New York City. Precipitation, stream...
Morphology of methane hydrate host sediments
K.W. Jones, H. Feng, S. Tomov, W.J. Winters, M. Eaton, D. Mahajan
2005, Conference Paper, American Chemical Society, Division of Petroleum Chemistry, Preprints
The morphological features including porosity and grains of methane hydrate host sediments were investigated using synchrotron computed microtomography (CMT) technique. The sediment sample was obtained during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 164 on the Blake Ridge at water depth of 2278.5 m. The CMT experiment was performed at the Brookhaven National...
Clustered streamlined forms in Athabasca Valles, Mars: Evidence for sediment deposition during floodwater ponding
D. Burr
2005, Geomorphology (69) 242-252
A unique clustering of layered streamlined forms in Athabasca Valles is hypothesized to reflect a significant hydraulic event. The forms, interpreted as sedimentary, are attributed to extensive sediment deposition during ponding and then streamlining of this sediment behind flow obstacles during ponded water outflow. These streamlined forms are analogous to...
Multispectral imaging contributions to global land ice measurements from space
J.S. Kargel, M. J. Abrams, M.P. Bishop, A. Bush, G. Hamilton, H. Jiskoot, Andreas Kaab, H. H. Kieffer, E.M. Lee, F. Paul, F. Rau, B. Raup, J.F. Shroder, D. Soltesz, D. Stainforth, L. Stearns, R. Wessels
2005, Remote Sensing of Environment (99) 187-219
Global Land Ice Measurements from Space (GLIMS) is an international consortium established to acquire satellite images of the world's glaciers, analyse them for glacier extent and changes, and assess change data for causes and implications for people and the environment. Although GLIMS is making use of multiple remote-sensing systems, ASTER...
Trematodes associated with mangrove habitat in Puerto Rican salt marshes
K. D. Lafferty, R. F. Hechinger, J. Lorda, L. Soler
2005, Journal of Parasitology (91) 697-699
Batillaria minima is a common snail in the coastal estuaries of Puerto Rico. This snail is host to a variety of trematodes, the most common being Cercaria caribbea XXXI, a microphallid species that uses crabs as second intermediate hosts. The prevalence of infection was higher (7.1%) near mangroves than on...
Differentiation of commercial vermiculite based on statistical analysis of bulk chemical data: Fingerprinting vermiculite from Libby, Montana U.S.A
M. E. Gunter, E. Singleton, B.R. Bandli, H.A. Lowers, G.P. Meeker
2005, American Mineralogist (90) 749-754
Major-, minor-, and trace-element compositions, as determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis, were obtained on 34 samples of vermiculite to ascertain whether chemical differences exist to the extent of determining the source of commercial products. The sample set included ores from four deposits, seven commercially available garden products, and insulation...
Aeolian processes at the Mars Exploration Rover Meridiani Planum landing site
R. Sullivan, D. Banfield, J.F. Bell III, W. Calvin, D. Fike, M. Golombek, R. Greeley, J. Grotzinger, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, D. Jerolmack, M. Malin, D. Ming, Laurence A. Soderblom, S. W. Squyres, S. Thompson, W.A. Watters, C.M. Weitz, A. Yen
2005, Nature (436) 58-61
The martian surface is a natural laboratory for testing our understanding of the physics of aeolian (wind-related) processes in an environment different from that of Earth. Martian surface markings and atmospheric opacity are time-variable, indicating that fine particles at the surface are mobilized regularly by wind. Regolith (unconsolidated surface material)...
Endocrine disruption of parr-smolt transformation and seawater tolerance of Atlantic salmon by 4-nonylphenol and 17β-estradiol
Stephen D. McCormick, Michael F. O’Dea, Amy M. Moeckel, Darrren T. Lerner, Bjorn Thrandur Bjornsson
2005, General and Comparative Endocrinology (142) 280-288
Sex steroids are known to interfere with the parr-smolt transformation of anadromous salmonids, and environmental estrogens such as nonylphenol have recently been implicated in reduced returns of Atlantic salmon in the wild. To determine the endocrine pathways by which estrogenic compounds affect smolt development and seawater tolerance, groups of juvenile Atlantic salmon were...
Dating the growth of oceanic crust at a slow-spreading ridge
J.J. Schwartz, Barbara E. John, Michael J. Cheadle, E.A. Miranda, Craig B. Grimes, J. L. Wooden, H.J.B. Dick
2005, Science (310) 654-657
Nineteen uranium-lead zircon ages of lower crustal gabbros from Atlantis Bank, Southwest Indian Ridge, constrain the growth and construction of oceanic crust at this slow-spreading midocean ridge. Approximately 75% of the gabbros accreted within error of the predicted seafloor magnetic age, whereas ???25% are significantly older. These anomalously old samples...
Provenance and diagenesis of the evaporite-bearing Burns formation, Meridiani Planum, Mars
S. M. McLennan, J.F. Bell III, W. M. Calvin, P. R. Christensen, B.C. Clark, P.A. de Souza, J. Farmer, W. H. Farrand, D.A. Fike, Ralf Gellert, A. Ghosh, T.D. Glotch, J.P. Grotzinger, B. Hahn, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, J.A. Hurowitz, J. R. Johnson, S.S. Johnson, B. Jolliff, G. Klingelhofer, A.H. Knoll, Z. Learner, M. C. Malin, H.Y. McSween Jr., J. Pocock, S. W. Ruff, Laurence A. Soderblom, S. W. Squyres, N.J. Tosca, W.A. Watters, M.B. Wyatt, A. Yen
2005, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (240) 95-121
Impure reworked evaporitic sandstones, preserved on Meridiani Planum, Mars, are mixtures of roughly equal amounts of altered siliciclastic debris, of basaltic provenance (40 ± 10% by mass), and chemical constituents, dominated by evaporitic minerals (jarosite, Mg-, Ca-sulfates ± chlorides ± Fe-, Na-sulfates), hematite and possibly secondary silica (60 ± 10%). These chemical constituents and their relative abundances are...
Home range, territoriality, and flight time budgets in the black-bellied fruit bat, Melonycteris melanops (Pteropodidae)
F.J. Bonaccorso, J.R. Winkelmann, D.G.P. Byrnes
2005, Journal of Mammalogy (86) 931-936
Based on 1,362 radiotelemetry positions, mean home range for 10 adult black-bellied fruit bats, Melonycteris melanops (Pteropodidae), in lowland rainforest at Mount Garbuna, West New Britain Province, Papua New Guinea, was 2.3 ha ?? 1.2 SD. Mean core-use area of adults was 0.5 ha ?? 0.4 SD, and mean long...
Abnormalities in larvae from the once-largest Pacific herring population in Washington State result primarily from factors independent of spawning location
P.K. Hershberger, N.E. Elder, J. Wittouck, K. Stick, R. M. Kocan
2005, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (134) 326-337
Among larvae from populations of Pacific herring Clupea pallasii in Washington State those from Cherry Point have consistently demonstrated abnormalities indicative of distress, including low weights and lengths at hatch, increased prevalences of skeletal abnormalities, and shorter survival times in food deprivation studies. The biomass of adult, prespawn Pacific herring...
Early mortality syndrome in Great Lakes salmonines
Dale C. Honeyfield, Scott B. Brown, John D. Fitzsimons, Donald E. Tillitt
2005, Journal of Aquatic Animal Health (17) 1-3
Early mortality syndrome (EMS) is the termused to describe an embryonic mortality affectingthe offspring of salmonines (coho salmonOnco-rhynchus kisutch, Chinook salmonOncorhynchustshawytscha, steelhead [anadromous rainbow troutOncorhynchus mykiss], brown troutSalmo trutta,and lake trout,Salvelinus namaycush) in LakesMichigan and Ontario and, to a lesser extent, LakesHuron and Erie (Marcquenski and Brown 1997).Clinical signs of...
Ice elevations and surface change on the Malaspina Glacier, Alaska
J. Sauber, B. Molnia, C. Carabajal, S. Luthcke, R. Muskett
2005, Geophysical Research Letters (32) 1-4
Here we use Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat)-derived elevations and surface characteristics to investigate the Malaspina Glacier of southern Alaska. Although there is significant elevation variability between ICESat tracks on this glacier, we were able to discern general patterns in surface elevation change by using a regional digital...
Distribution and nature of fault architecture in a layered sandstone and shale sequence: An example from the Moab fault, Utah
N.C. Davatzes, A. Aydin
2005, Book chapter, Faults, Fluid Flow, and Petroleum Traps
We examined the distribution of fault rock and damage zone structures in sandstone and shale along the Moab fault, a basin-scale normal fault with nearly 1 km (0.62 mi) of throw, in southeast Utah. We find that fault rock and damage zone structures vary along strike and dip. Variations are...
Physical and chemical properties of submarine basaltic rocks from the submarine flanks of the Hawaiian Islands
Hisayoshi Yokose, Peter W. Lipman, Toshiya Kanamatsu
2005, Marine Geology (219) 173-193
To evaluate physical and chemical diversity in submarine basaltic rocks, approximately 280 deep submarine samples recovered by submersibles from the underwater flanks of the Hawaiian Islands were analyzed and compared. Based on observations from the submersibles and hand specimens, these samples were classified into three main occurrence types (lavas, coarse-grained...
