Development of a subunit vaccine for infectious pancreatic necrosis virus using a baculovirus insect/larvae system
R.B. Shivappa, P. E. McAllister, G.H. Edwards, N. Santi, O. Evensen, V.N. Vakharia
Midtlyng P.J.M., editor(s)
2005, Conference Paper, Developments in Biologicals
Various attempts to develop a vaccine against infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) have not yielded consistent results. Thus, at present, no commercial vaccine is available that can be used with confidence to immunize fry of salmon and trout. We generated a cDNA clone of the large genome segment A of...
The Modular Modeling System (MMS): A toolbox for water- and environmental-resources management
G.H. Leavesley, S.L. Markstrom, Roland J. Viger, L.E. Hay
Moglen G.E., editor(s)
2005, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 2005 Watershed Management Conference - Managing Watersheds for Human and Natural Impacts: Engineering, Ecological, and Economic Challenges
The increasing complexity of water- and environmental-resource problems require modeling approaches that incorporate knowledge from a broad range of scientific and software disciplines. To address this need, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has developed the Modular Modeling System (MMS). MMS is an integrated system of computer software for model development,...
Postseismic deformation following the June 2000 earthquake sequence in the south Iceland seismic zone
T. Arnadottir, Sigurjon Jonsson, F. F. Pollitz, W. Jiang, K.L. Feigl
2005, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (110) 1-13
We observe postseismic deformation on two spatiotemporal scales following Mw = 6.5 earthquakes in the south Iceland seismic zone on 17 and 21 June 2000. We see a rapidly decaying deformation transient lasting no more than 2 months and extending about 5 km away from the two main shock ruptures....
A field assessment of long-term laboratory sediment toxicity tests with the amphipod Hyalella azteca
Christopher G. Ingersoll, Ning Wang, Jeannie M. R. Hayward, John R. Jones, Susan B. Jones, D. Scott Ireland
2005, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (24) 2853-2870
Response of the amphipod Hyalella azteca exposed to contaminated sediments for 10 to 42 d in laboratory toxicity tests was compared to responses observed in controlled three-month invertebrate colonization exposures conducted in a pond. Sediments evaluated included a sediment spiked with dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) or dilutions of a field sediment collected...
Multi-platform comparisons of MODIS and AVHRR normalized difference vegetation index data
Kevin P. Gallo, Lei Ji, Bradley C. Reed, Jeffery C. Eidenshink, John L. Dwyer
2005, Remote Sensing of Environment (99) 221-231
The relationship between AVHRR-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values and those of future sensors is critical to continued long-term monitoring of land surface properties. The follow-on operational sensor to the AVHRR, the Visible/Infrared Imager/Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), will be very similar to the NASA Earth Observing System's Moderate Resolution Imaging...
Trace elements in streambed sediments of small subtropical streams on O'ahu, Hawai'i: Results from the USGS NAWQA program
E. H. De Carlo, M.S. Tomlinson, S. S. Anthony
2005, Applied Geochemistry (20) 2157-2188
Data are presented for trace element concentrations determined in the <63 ??m fraction of streambed sediment samples collected at 24 sites on the island of O'ahu, Hawai'i. Sampling sites were classified as urban, agricultural, mixed (urban/agricultural), or forested based on their dominant land use, although the mixed land use at...
Crustal rheology of the Himalaya and Southern Tibet inferred from magnetotelluric data
M.J. Unsworth, A.G. Jones, W. Wei, G. Marquis, S.G. Gokarn, J.E. Spratt, P. Bedrosian, J. Booker, C. Leshou, G. Clarke, L. Shenghui, L. Chanhong, D. Ming, J. Sheng, K. Solon, T. Handong, J. Ledo, B. Roberts
2005, Nature (438) 78-81
The Cenozoic collision between the Indian and Asian continents formed the Tibetan plateau, beginning about 70 million years ago. Since this time, at least 1,400 km of convergence has been accommodated by a combination of underthrusting of Indian and Asian lithosphere, crustal shortening, horizontal extrusion and lithospheric delamination. Rocks exposed...
Validation of abundance estimates from mark–recapture and removal techniques for rainbow trout captured by electrofishing in small streams
Amanda E. Rosenberger, Jason B. Dunham
2005, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (25) 1395-1410
Estimation of fish abundance in streams using the removal model or the Lincoln - Peterson mark - recapture model is a common practice in fisheries. These models produce misleading results if their assumptions are violated. We evaluated the assumptions of these two models via electrofishing of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss...
Assessing background ground water chemistry beneath a new unsewered subdivision
J.D. Wilcox, K. R. Bradbury, C. L. Thomas, J.M. Bahr
2005, Ground Water (43) 787-795
Previous site-specific studies designed to assess the impacts of unsewered subdivisions on ground water quality have relied on upgradient monitoring wells or very limited background data to characterize conditions prior to development. In this study, an extensive monitoring program was designed to document ground water conditions prior to construction of...
Fire suppression impacts on postfire recovery of Sierra Nevada chaparral shrublands
Jon E. Keeley, A.H. Pfaff, H.D. Safford
2005, International Journal of Wildland Fire (14) 255-265
A substantial portion of chaparral shrublands in the southern part of California's Sierra Nevada Mountain Range has never had a recorded fire since record keeping began in 1910. We hypothesised that such long periods without fire are outside the historical range of variability and that when such areas burn, postfire...
Walrus foraging marks on the seafloor in Bristol Bay, Alaska: A reconnaissance survey
Brian D. Bornhold, Chadwick V. Jay, Robert McConnaughey, Glenda Rathwell, Karl Rhynas, William Collins
2005, Geo-Marine Letters (25) 293-299
A reconnaissance sidescan sonar survey in Bristol Bay, Alaska revealed extensive areas of seafloor with features related to walrus foraging. They are similar to those seen in areas such as the outer Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea. Two types of feature were observed: (a) small (≪1 m diameter) shallow pits, often...
Landscape development in an hyperarid sandstone environment along the margins of the Dead Sea fault: Implications from dated rock falls
A. Matmon, Y. Shaked, N. Porat, Y. Enzel, R. Finkel, N. Lifton, E. Boaretto, A. Agnon
2005, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (240) 803-817
In this study, we explored the spatial and temporal relations between boulders and their original in-situ locations on sandstone bedrock cliffs. This was accomplished by combining field observations with dating methods using cosmogenic isotopes (10Be and 14C) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). Our conclusions bear both on the landscape evolution and...
Modeling and measuring the nocturnal drainage flow in a high-elevation, subalpine forest with complex terrain
C. Yi, Russell K. Monson, Z. Zhai, D.E. Anderson, B. Lamb, G. Allwine, A.A. Turnipseed, Sean P. Burns
2005, Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres (110) 1-13
The nocturnal drainage flow of air causes significant uncertainty in ecosystem CO2, H2O, and energy budgets determined with the eddy covariance measurement approach. In this study, we examined the magnitude, nature, and dynamics of the nocturnal drainage flow in a subalpine forest ecosystem with complex terrain. We used an experimental...
Aggregate measures of ecosystem services: Can we take the pulse of nature?
L.A. Meyerson, Jill Baron, J. M. Melillo, R.J. Naiman, R.I. O’Malley, G. Orians, Margaret A. Palmer, Alexander S.P. Pfaff, S. W. Running, O.E. Sala
2005, Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment (3) 56-59
National scale aggregate indicators of ecosystem services are useful for stimulating and supporting a broad public discussion about trends in the provision of these services. There are important considerations involved in producing an aggregate indicator, including whether the scientific and technological capacity exists, how to address varying perceptions of the...
Palaeohydrology of the Southwest Yukon Territory, Canada, based on multiproxy analyses of lake sediment cores from a depth transect
L. Anderson, M.B. Abbott, B. P. Finney, M. E. Edwards
2005, Holocene (15) 1172-1183
Lake-level variations at Marcella Lake, a small, hydrologically closed lake in the southwestern Yukon Territory, document changes in effective moisture since the early Holocene. Former water levels, driven by regional palaeohydrology, were reconstructed by multiproxy analyses of sediment cores from four sites spanning shallow to deep water. Marcella Lake today...
The stability and Raman spectra of ikaite, CaCO3·6H2O, at high pressure and temperature
Anat Shahar, William A. Bassett, Ho-kwang Mao, I-Ming Chou, Wendy Mao
2005, American Mineralogist (90) 1835-1839
Raman analyses of single crystals of ikaite, CaCO3·6H2O, synthesized in a diamond-anvil cell at ambient temperature yield spectra from 0.14 to 4.08 GPa; the most intense peaks are at 228 and 1081 cm−1 corresponding to Eg(external) and A1g (internal) modes of vibrations in CO2− 3 ions, respectively. These are in good agreement with Raman spectra previously...
Assessing the vulnerability of a municipal well field to contamination in a karst aquifer
R.A. Renken, K.J. Cunningham, M.R. Zygnerski, M.A. Wacker, A.M. Shapiro, R.W. Harvey, D.W. Metge, C.L. Osborn, J. N. Ryan
2005, Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (11) 319-331
Proposed expansion of extractive lime-rock mines near the Miami-Dade County Northwest well field and Everglades wetland areas has garnered intense scrutiny by government, public, environmental stakeholders, and the media because of concern that mining will increase the risk of pathogen contamination. Rock mines are excavated to the same depth as...
Decadal-scale change of infiltration characteristics of a tephra-mantled hillslope at Mount St Helens, Washington
J. J. Major, T. Yamakoshi
2005, Hydrological Processes (19) 3621-3630
The cataclysmic 1980 eruption of Mount St Helens radically reduced the infiltration characteristics of ∼60 000 ha of rugged terrain and dramatically altered landscape hydrology. Two decades of erosional, biogenic, cryogenic, and anthropogenic activity have modified the infiltration characteristics of much of that devastated landscape and modulated the hydrological impact...
Elevated mercury concentrations in failed eggs of Snowy Plovers at Point Reyes National Seashore
S.E. Schwarzbach, M. Stephenson, T. Ruhlen, S. Abbott, G. W. Page, D. Adams
2005, Marine Pollution Bulletin (50) 1444-1447
[No abstract available]...
Planetary science: A 5-micron-bright spot on Titan: Evidence for surface diversity
J. W. Barnes, R. H. Brown, E. P. Turtle, A. S. McEwen, R. D. Lorenz, M. Janssen, E.L. Schaller, M.E. Brown, B. J. Buratti, Christophe Sotin, C. Griffith, R. Clark, J. Perry, S. Fussner, J. Barbara, R. West, C. Elachi, A.H. Bouchez, H.G. Roe, K. H. Baines, G. Bellucci, J.-P. Bibring, F. Capaccioni, P. Cerroni, M. Combes, A. Coradini, D. P. Cruikshank, P. Drossart, V. Formisano, R. Jaumann, Y. Langevin, D. L. Matson, T. B. McCord, P. D. Nicholson, B. Sicardy
2005, Science (310) 92-95
Observations from the Cassini Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer show an anomalously bright spot on Titan located at 80??W and 20??S. This area is bright in reflected tight at all observed wavelengths, but is most noticeable at 5 microns. The spot is associated with a surface albedo feature identified in...
Manganese concentration in lobster (Homarus americanus) gills as an index of exposure to reducing conditions in western Long Island Sound
Andrew F. J. Draxler, Robert M. Sherrell, Dan Wieczorek, Michele G. Lavigne, Anthony J. Paulson
2005, Journal of Shellfish Research (24) 815-819
We examined the accumulation of manganese (Mn) in gill tissues of chemically naïve lobsters held in situ at six sites in Long Island Sound (LIS) for up to six weeks to evaluate the possible contribution of eutrophication-driven habitat quality factors to the 1999 mass mortality of American lobsters (Homarus americanus). These...
Simulation of integrated surface-water/ground-water flow and salinity for a coastal wetland and adjacent estuary
C. Langevin, E. Swain, M. Wolfert
2005, Journal of Hydrology (314) 212-234
The SWIFT2D surface-water flow and transport code, which solves the St Venant equations in two dimensions, was coupled with the SEAWAT variable-density ground-water code to represent hydrologic processes in coastal wetlands and adjacent estuaries. A sequentially coupled time-lagged approach was implemented, based on a variable-density form of Darcy's Law, to...
Earthquake fracture energy inferred from kinematic rupture models on extended faults
E. Tinti, P. Spudich, M. Cocco
2005, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (110) 1-25
We estimate fracture energy on extended faults for several recent earthquakes by retrieving dynamic traction evolution at each point on the fault plane from slip history imaged by inverting ground motion waveforms. We define the breakdown work (Wb) as the excess of work over some minimum traction level achieved during...
Ground-motion parameters of the southwestern Indiana earthquake of 18 June 2002 and the disparity between the observed and predicted values
R. Street, J. Wiegand, E.W. Woolery, P. Hart
2005, Seismological Research Letters (76) 512-530
The M 4.5 southwestern Indiana earthquake of 18 June 2002 triggered 46 blast monitors in Indiana, Illinois, and Kentucky. The resulting flee-field particle velocity records, along with similar data from previous earthquakes in the study area, provide a clear standard for judging the reliability of current...
Hazard map calculations using grid computing
E. H. Field, V. Gupta, N. Gupta, P. Maechling, T.H. Jordan
2005, Seismological Research Letters (76) 565-573
No abstract available....
