Grassland birds associated with agricultural riparian practices in southwestern Wisconsin
R.B. Renfrew, C. A. Ribic
2001, Journal of Range Management (54) 546-552
Rotational grazing has been proposed as a Best Management Practice (BMP) for minimizing runoff in Wisconsin agricultural riparian areas. The influence of this land management practice on grassland birds has not been evaluated in relation to more traditional agricultural land management systems in Midwestern riparian areas. This study compared the...
Using multiple geochemical tracers to characterize the hydrogeology of the submarine spring off Crescent Beach, Florida
P.W. Swarzenski, C. D. Reich, R. M. Spechler, J. L. Kindinger, W.S. Moore
2001, Chemical Geology (179) 187-202
A spectacular submarine spring is located about 4 km east of Crescent Beach, FL, in the Atlantic Ocean. The single vent feature of Crescent Beach Spring provides a unique opportunity to examine onshore–offshore hydrogeologic processes, as well as point source submarine ground water discharge. The Floridan aquifer system in...
Olivine-liquid relations of lava erupted by Kilauea volcano from 1994 to 1998: Implications for shallow magmatic processes associated with the ongoing east-rift-zone eruption
Carl R. Thornber
2001, Canadian Mineralogist (39) 239-266
From 1994 through 1998, the eruption of Kîlauea, in Hawai’i, was dominated by steady-state effusion at Pu‘u ‘Ô‘ô that was briefly disrupted by an eruption 4 km uprift at Nāpau Crater on January 30, 1997. In this paper, I describe the systematic relations of whole-rock, glass, olivine, and olivine-inclusion compositions...
The geology of a part of Acadia and the nature of the Acadian orogeny across Central and Eastern Maine
R. D. Tucker, P. H. Osberg, H. N. Berry IV
2001, American Journal of Science (301) 205-260
The zone of Acadian collision between the Medial New England and Composite Avalon terranes is well preserved in Maine. A transect from northwest (Rome) to southeast (Camden) crosses the eastern part of Medial New England comprising the Central Maine basin, Liberty-Orrington thrust sheet, and Fredericton trough, and the western...
Geographic deaggregation of seismic hazard in the United States
S. Harmsen, A. Frankel
2001, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (91) 13-26
The seismic hazard calculations for the 1996 national seismic hazard maps have been geographically deaggregated to assist in the understanding of the relative contributions of sources. These deaggregations are exhibited as maps with vertical bars whose heights are proportional to the contribution that each geographical cell makes to the ground-motion...
Effects of suspended sediment on the reproductive success of the tricolor shiner, a crevice-spawning minnow
N.M. Burkhead, H.L. Jelks
2001, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (130) 959-968
Excessive sedimentation of rivers and creeks has been linked to increasing levels of imperilment in the diverse fish fauna of the southeastern United States. In particular, benthic-spawning fishes have decreased in both numbers and range. The tricolor shiner Cyprinella trichroistia is a crevice-spawning minnow that is widespread in the eastern...
Water-quality trends for a stream draining the Southern Anthracite Field, Pennsylvania
C.A. Cravotta III, Michael D. Bilger
2001, Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis (1) 33-50
Stream flow, chemical and biological data for the northern part of Swatara Creek, which drains a 112 km2 area in the Southern Anthracite Field of eastern Pennsylvania, indicate progressive improvement in water quality since 1959, after which most mines in the watershed had been flooded. Drainage from the flooded mines contributes substantially...
Impact of climate and parent material on chemical weathering in Loess-derived soils of the Mississippi River valley
D.R. Muhs, E. Arthur Bettis III, J. Been, J. P. McGeehin
2001, Soil Science Society of America Journal (65) 1761-1777
Peoria Loess-derived soils on uplands east of the Mississippi River valley were studied from Louisiana to Iowa, along a south-to-north gradient of decreasing precipitation and temperature. Major element analyses of deep loess in Mississippi and Illinois show that the composition of the parent material is similar in the northern and...
Triggered earthquakes and the 1811-1812 New Madrid, central United States, earthquake sequence
S. E. Hough
2001, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (91) 1574-1581
The 1811-1812 New Madrid, central United States, earthquake sequence included at least three events with magnitudes estimated at well above M 7.0. I discuss evidence that the sequence also produced at least three substantial triggered events well outside the New Madrid Seismic Zone, most likely in the vicinity of Cincinnati,...
Thermal maturity patterns in New York State using CAI and %Ro
D. J. Weary, R. T. Ryder, R.E. Nyahay
2001, Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences (23) 356-376
New conodont alteration index (CAI) and vitrinite reflectance (%Ro) data collected from drill holes in the Appalachian basin of New York State allow refinement of thermal maturity maps for Ordovician and Devonian rocks. CAI isotherms on the new maps show a pattern that approximates that published by Harris et al....
Water source to four U.S. wetlands: Implications for wetland management
T. C. Winter, D.O. Rosenberry, D.C. Buso, D.A. Merk
2001, Wetlands (21) 462-473
Results of long-term field studies of wetlands in four different hydrogeologic and climatic settings in the United States indicate that each has considerably different sources of water, which affects their response to climate variability and land-use practices. A fen wetland in New Hampshire is supplied almost entirely by ground water...
A geostatistical approach to predicting sulfur content in the Pittsburgh coal bed
W.D. Watson, L.F. Ruppert, L. J. Bragg, S.J. Tewalt
2001, International Journal of Coal Geology (48) 1-22
The US Geological Survey (USGS) is completing a national assessment of coal resources in the five top coal-producing regions in the US. Point-located data provide measurements on coal thickness and sulfur content. The sample data and their geologic interpretation represent the most regionally complete and up-to-date assessment of what is...
Mean and modal ϵ in the deaggregation of probabilistic ground motion
Stephen C. Harmsen
2001, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (91) 1537-1552
An important element of probabilistic seismic-hazard analysis (PSHA) is the incorporation of ground-motion uncertainty from the earthquake sources. The standard normal variate ϵ measures the difference between any specified spectral-acceleration level, or SA0, and the estimated median spectral acceleration from each probabilistic source. In this article, mean and modal values of ϵ for...
Holocene vegetation history from fossil rodent middens near Arequipa, Peru
C.A. Holmgren, J.L. Betancourt, K.A. Rylander, J. Roque, O. Tovar, H. Zeballos, E. Linares, Jay Quade
2001, Quaternary Research (56) 242-251
Rodent (Abrocoma, Lagidium, Phyllotis) middens collected from 2350 to 2750 m elevation near Arequipa, Peru (16??S), provide an ???9600-yr vegetation history of the northern Atacama Desert, based on identification of >50 species of plant macrofossils. These midden floras show considerable stability throughout the Holocene, with slightly more mesophytic plant assemblages...
Steady state deformation of the Coso Range, east central California, inferred from satellite radar interferometry
C.W. Wicks, W. Thatcher, Francis C. Monastero, M.A. Hasting
2001, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (106) 13769-13780
Observations of deformation from 1992 to 1997 in the southern Coso Range using satellite radar interferometry show deformation rates of up to 35 mm yr−1 in an area ∼10 km by 15 km. The deformation is most likely the result of subsidence in an area around the Coso geothermal field. The...
Historical effects of El Nino and La Nina events on the seasonal evolution of the montane snowpack in the Columbia and Colorado River Basins
Martyn P. Clark, Mark C. Serreze, Gregory J. McCabe
2001, Water Resources Research (37) 741-757
Snow‐water equivalent (SWE) data measured at several hundred montane sites in the western United States are used to examine the historic effects of El Nino and La Nina events on seasonal snowpack evolution in the major subbasins in the Columbia and Colorado River systems. Results are used to predict annual...
Spatial extent of a hydrothermal system at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, determined from array analyses of shallow long-period seismicity 2. Results
J. Almendros, B. Chouet, P. Dawson
2001, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (106) 13581-13597
Array data from a seismic experiment carried out at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, in February 1997, are analyzed by the frequency-slowness method. The slowness vectors are determined at each of three small-aperture seismic antennas for the first arrivals of 1129 long-period (LP) events and 147 samples of volcanic tremor. The source...
Implications for eruptive processes as indicated by sulfur dioxide emissions from Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i, 1979-1997
A. J. Sutton, T. Elias, T.M. Gerlach, J. B. Stokes
2001, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (108) 283-302
Kı̄lauea Volcano, Hawai‘i, currently hosts the longest running SO2 emission-rate data set on the planet, starting with initial surveys done in 1975 by Stoiber and his colleagues. The 17.5-year record of summit emissions, starting in 1979, shows the effects of summit and east rift eruptive processes, which define seven distinctly...
Arsenic in glacial drift aquifers and the implication for drinking water - Lower Illinois River Basin
K.L. Warner
2001, Ground Water (39) 433-442
The lower Illinois River Basin (LIRB) covers 47,000 km2 of central and western Illinois. In the LIRB, 90% of the ground water supplies are from the deep and shallow glacial drift aquifers. The deep glacial drift aquifer (DGDA) is below 152 m altitude, a sand and gravel deposit that fills the...
Upper crustal structure in Puget Lowland, Washington: Results from the 1998 Seismic Hazards Investigation in Puget Sound
T.M. Brocher, T. Parsons, R.J. Blakely, N.I. Christensen, M. A. Fisher, R.E. Wells, Uri S. ten Brink, T. L. Pratt, R. S. Crosson, K. C. Creager, N. P. Symons, L.A. Preston, T. Van Wagoner, K.C. Miller, C.M. Snelson, A.M. Trehu, V.E. Langenheim, G.D. Spence, K. Ramachandran, R.A. Hyndman, D. C. Mosher, B.C. Zelt, C.S. Weaver
2001, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (106) 13541-13564
A new three-dimensional (3-D) model shows seismic velocities beneath the Puget Lowland to a depth of 11 km. The model is based on a tomographic inversion of nearly one million first-arrival travel times recorded during the 1998 Seismic Hazards Investigation in Puget Sound (SHIPS), allowing higher-resolution mapping of subsurface structures...
Remnant colloform pyrite at the haile gold deposit, South Carolina: A textural key to genesis
N. Foley, R. A. Ayuso, R.R. Seal II
2001, Economic Geology (96) 891-902
Auriferous iron sulfide-bearing deposits of the Carolina slate belt have distinctive mineralogical and textural features-traits that provide a basis to construct models of ore deposition. Our identification of paragenetically early types of pyrite, especially remnant colloform, crustiform, and layered growth textures of pyrite containing electrum and pyrrhotite, establishes unequivocally that...
Sulfur and lead isotope geochemistry of hypogene mineralization at the Barite Hill Gold Deposit, Carolina Slate Belt, southeastern United States: A window into and through regional metamorphism
Robert R. Seal, II, Robert A. Ayuso, Nora K. Foley, Sandra H. B. Clark
2001, Mineralium Deposita (36) 137-148
The Barite Hill gold deposit, at the southwestern end of the Carolina slate belt in the southeastern United States, is one of four gold deposits in the region that have a combined yield of 110 metric tons of gold over the past 10 years. At Barite Hill, production has dominantly come from oxidized...
Effects of multi-scale environmental characteristics on agricultural stream biota in eastern Wisconsin
F. A. Fitzpatrick, B. C. Scudder, B. N. Lenz, D. J. Sullivan
2001, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (37) 1489-1507
The U.S. Geological Survey examined 25 agricultural streams in eastern Wisconsin to determine relations between fish, invertebrate, and algal metrics and multiple spatial scales of land cover, geologic setting, hydrologic, aquatic habitat, and water chemistry data. Spearman correlation and redundancy analyses were used to examine relations among biotic metrics and...
Viscoelastic shear zone model of a strike-slip earthquake cycle
F. F. Pollitz
2001, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (106) 26541-26560
I examine the behavior of a two-dimensional (2-D) strike-slip fault system embedded in a 1-D elastic layer (schizosphere) overlying a uniform viscoelastic half-space (plastosphere) and within the boundaries of a finite width shear zone. The viscoelastic coupling model of Savage and Prescott [1978] considers the viscoelastic response of this system,...
Strain accumulation and rotation in the Eastern California Shear Zone
J.C. Savage, Weijun Gan, J. L. Svarc
2001, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (106) 21995-22007
Although the Eastern California Shear Zone (ECSZ) (strike ∼N25°W) does not quite coincide with a small circle drawn about the Pacific-North America pole of rotation, trilateration and GPS measurements demonstrate that the motion within the zone corresponds to right-lateral simple shear across a vertical plane (strike N33°W±5°) roughly parallel to...
