Use of stream chemistry for monitoring acidic deposition effects in the Adirondack region of New York
G.B. Lawrence, B. Momen, K. M. Roy
2004, Conference Paper, Journal of Environmental Quality
Acid-neutralizing capacity (ANC) and pH were measured weekly from October 1991 through September 2001 in three streams in the western Adirondack Mountain region of New York to identify trends in stream chemistry that might be related to changes in acidic deposition. A decreasing trend in atmospheric deposition of SO42- was...
Can site response be predicted?
D.M. Boore
2004, Journal of Earthquake Engineering (8) 1-41
Large modifications of seismic waves are produced by variations of material properties near the Earth's surface and by both surface and buried topography. These modifications, usually referred to as "site response", in general lead to larger motions on soil sites than on rock-like sites. Because the soil amplifications can be...
Interaction of xenobiotics with estrogen receptors α and β and a putative plasma sex hormone-binding globulin from channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)
William L. Gale, Reynaldo Patino, Alec G. Maule
2004, General and Comparative Endocrinology (136) 338-345
Estrogens are important regulators of physiological functions. Although environmental contaminants (xenoestrogens) which interfere with estrogen signaling are of increasing concern, there is only limited information about their ability to interact with estrogen-binding proteins (SHBG) or receptors (ER). Recombinant ER?? and ?? were obtained after transient transfection of COS-7 cells with...
The bioavailability of chemicals in soil for earthworms
R. Lanno, J. Wells, Jason M. Conder, K. Bradham, N. Basta
2004, Conference Paper, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
The bioavailability of chemicals to earthworms can be modified dramatically by soil physical/chemical characteristics, yet expressing exposure as total chemical concentrations does not address this problem. In order to understand the effects of modifying factors on bioavailability, one must measure and express chemical bioavailability to earthworms in a consistent, logical...
Adaptive bleaching: A general phenomenon
D.G. Fautin, R. W. Buddemeier
2004, Conference Paper, Hydrobiologia
Laboratory and field data bearing on the adaptive bleaching hypothesis (ABH) are largely consistent with it; no data of which we are aware refute it. We generalize the ABH in light of these data and observations. The population of zooxanthellae within an organism is dynamic, the diversity of zooxanthellae is...
Determination of the relative uptake of ground vs. surface water by Populus deltoides during phytoremediation
B.D. Clinton, J.M. Vose, D.A. Vroblesky, G. J. Harvey
2004, International Journal of Phytoremediation (6) 239-252
The use of plants to remediate polluted groundwater is becoming an attractive alternative to more expensive traditional techniques. In order to adequately assess the effectiveness of the phytoremediation treatment, a clear understanding of water-use habits by the selected plant species is essential. We examined the relative uptake of surface water...
Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for Sumatra, Indonesia and across the Southern Malaysian Peninsula
M.D. Petersen, J. Dewey, S. Hartzell, C. Mueller, S. Harmsen, A.D. Frankel, K. Rukstales
2004, Tectonophysics (390) 141-158
The ground motion hazard for Sumatra and the Malaysian peninsula is calculated in a probabilistic framework, using procedures developed for the US National Seismic Hazard Maps. We constructed regional earthquake source models and used standard published and modified attenuation equations to calculate peak ground acceleration at 2% and 10% probability...
Changes in plant functional groups, litter quality, and soil carbon and nitrogen mineralization with sheep grazing in an Inner Mongolian Grassland
N.N. Barger, D.S. Ojima, J. Belnap, W. Shiping, W. Yanfen, Z. Chen
2004, Journal of Range Management (57) 613-619
This study reports on changes in plant functional group composition, litter quality, and soil C and N mineralization dynamics from a 9-year sheep grazing study in Inner Mongolia. Addressed are these questions: 1) How does increasing grazing intensity affect plant community composition? 2) How does increasing grazing intensity alter soil...
A conceptual model for river water and sediment dispersal in the Santa Barbara Channel, California
J.A. Warrick, L.A.K. Mertes, L. Washburn, D.A. Siegel
2004, Continental Shelf Research (24) 2029-2043
The ephemeral Santa Clara River delivers large amounts of freshwater and sediment to the eastern Santa Barbara Channel during brief, episodic discharge events. This discharge into the channel was characterized here with shipboard measurements during floods of 1997 and 1998. Within approximately 1-km of the river mouth, the river discharge...
Noise in two-color electronic distance meter measurements revisited
J. Langbein
2004, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (109)
Frequent, high-precision geodetic data have temporally correlated errors. Temporal correlations directly affect both the estimate of rate and its standard error; the rate of deformation is a key product from geodetic measurements made in tectonically active areas. Various models of temporally correlated errors are developed and these provide relations between...
Macroscopic and microscopic observations of particle-facilitated mercury transport from New Idria and Sulphur Bank mercury mine tailings
G.V. Lowry, S. Shaw, C.S. Kim, J. J. Rytuba, Gordon E. Brown Jr.
2004, Environmental Science & Technology (38) 5101-5111
Mercury (Hg) release from inoperative Hg mines in the California Coast Range has been documented, but little is known about the release and transport mechanisms. In this study, tailings from Hg mines located in different geologic settings-New Idria (NI), a Si-carbonate Hg deposit, and Sulphur Bank (SB), a hot-spring Hg...
Contrasting glacial/interglacial regimes in the western Arctic Ocean as exemplified by a sedimentary record from the Mendeleev Ridge
L. Polyak, W.B. Curry, D. A. Darby, J. Bischof, T. M. Cronin
2004, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (203) 73-93
Distinct cyclicity in lithology and microfaunal distribution in sediment cores from the Mendeleev Ridge in the western Arctic Ocean (water depths ca. 1. 5 km) reflects contrasting glacial/interglacial sedimentary patterns. We conclude that during major glaciations extremely thick pack ice or ice shelves covered the western Arctic Ocean and its...
Patterns of nitrogen accumulation and cycling in riparian floodplain ecosystems along the Green and Yampa rivers
Adair Carol E., Dan Binkley, Douglas C. Andersen
2004, Oecologia (139) 108-116
Patterns of nitrogen (N) accumulation and turnover in riparian systems in semi-arid regions are poorly understood, particularly in those ecosystems that lack substantial inputs from nitrogen fixing vegetation. We investigated sources and fluxes of N in chronosequences of riparian forests along the regulated Green River and the free-flowing Yampa River...
Factors influencing occupancy of nest cavities in recently burned forests
V.A. Saab, J. Dudley, W.L. Thompson
2004, Conference Paper, Condor
Recently burned forests in western North America provide nesting habitat for many species of cavity-nesting birds. However, little is understood about the time frame and the variables affecting occupancy of postfire habitats by these birds. We studied factors influencing the occupancy and reuse of nest cavities from 1-7 years after...
Biochemical, histological and behavioural aspects of visual function during early development of rainbow trout
Paulo S. M. Carvalho, Douglas B. Noltie, D. E. Tillitt
2004, Journal of Fish Biology (64) 833-850
Retinal structure and concentration of retinoids involved in phototransduction changed during early development of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, correlating with improvements in visual function. A test chamber was used to evaluate the presence of optokinetic or optomotor responses and to assess the functionality of the integrated cellular, physiological and biochemical...
Depletion of the chloramine-T marker residue, para-toluenesulfonamide, from skin-on fillet tissue of hybrid striped bass, rainbow trout, and yellow perch
J.R. Meinertz, G. R. Stehly, Shari L. Greseth, M.P. Gaikowski, W.H. Gingerich
2004, Aquaculture (235) 65-75
Waterborne exposure to n-sodium-n-chloro-p-toluenesulfonamide (chloramine-T) is an effective treatment for controlling fish mortalities caused by bacterial gill disease (BGD). Currently, data are being generated to gain United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for the use of chloramine-T in aquaculture. As part of the data required for an approval,...
Mineralogical maturity in dunefields of North America, Africa and Australia
D.R. Muhs
2004, Geomorphology (59) 247-269
Studies of dunefields in central and western North America show that mineralogical maturity can provide new insights into the origin and evolution of aeolian sand bodies. Many of the world's great sand seas in Africa, Asia and Australia are quartz-dominated and thus can be considered to be mineralogically mature. The...
The relationship between gorgonian coral (Cnidaria: Gorgonacea) diseases and African dust storms
J. R. Weir-Brush, V.H. Garrison, G.W. Smith, E.A. Shinn
2004, Aerobiologia (20) 119-126
The number of reports of coral diseases has increased throughout the world in the last 20 years. Aspergillosis, which primarily affects Gorgonia ventalina and G. flabellum, is one of the few diseases to be characterized. This disease is caused by Aspergillus sydowii, a terrestrial fungus with a worldwide distribution. Upon...
Cormorant predation and the population dynamics of walleye and yellow perch in Oneida Lake
L. G. Rudstam, A.J. VanDeValk, C.M. Adams, J.T.H. Coleman, J.L. Forney, M. E. Richmond
2004, Ecological Applications (14) 149-163
Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) increased dramatically in North America during the 1990s, providing the opportunity to study the effects of an increase of a top predator on an existing predator-prey system. In Oneida Lake, New York, USA, Double-crested Cormorants were first observed nesting in 1984 and had increased to over...
Diets of insectivorous birds along the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona
H.K. Yard, Charles van Riper III, B.T. Brown, M.J. Kearsley
2004, The Condor (106) 106-115
We examined diets of six insectivorous bird species (n = 202 individuals) from two vegetation zones along the Colorado River in Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona, 1994. All bird species consumed similar quantities of caterpillars and beetles, but use of other prey taxa varied. Non-native leafhoppers (Opsius stactagolus) specific to...
Studying sea otter foraging ecology: A review of some methodological approaches
M. T. Tinker, J. A. Estes, James L. Bodkin, M. M. Staedler, Daniel H. Monson
Daniela Maldini, Donald Calkins, Shannon Atkinson, Rosa Meehan, editor(s)
2004, Conference Paper, Alaska Sea Otter Research Workshop: Addressing the Decline of the Southwestern Alaska Sea Otter Population
The study of foraging ecology plays a central role in our understanding of animal populations and natural communities, and can also provide information necessary for the effective conservation of rare or endangered species. Sea otter researchers are interested in foraging ecology for many different reasons, but for heuristic purposes we...
Distribution of potentially hazardous trace elements in coals from Shanxi province, China
J.Y. Zhang, C.G. Zheng, D.Y. Ren, C. L. Chou, J. Liu, R.-S. Zeng, Z.P. Wang, F.H. Zhao, Y.T. Ge
2004, Fuel (83) 129-135
Shanxi province, located in the center of China, is the biggest coal base of China. There are five coal-forming periods in Shanxi province: Late Carboniferous (Taiyuan Formation), Early Permian (Shanxi Formation), Middle Jurassic (Datong Formation), Tertiary (Taxigou Formation), and Quaternary. Hundred and ten coal samples and a peat sample from...
The role of water in gas hydrate dissociation
S. Circone, L.A. Stern, S. H. Kirby
2004, Journal of Physical Chemistry B (108) 5747-5755
When raised to temperatures above the ice melting point, gas hydrates release their gas in well-defined, reproducible events that occur within self-maintained temperature ranges slightly below the ice point. This behavior is observed for structure I (carbon dioxide, methane) and structure II gas hydrates (methane-ethane, and propane), including those formed...
PCB impairs smoltification and seawater performance in anadromous Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus)
E.H. Jorgensen, O. Aas-Hansen, A.G. Maule, J.E.T. Strand, M.M. Vijayan
2004, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology (138) 203-212
The impacts of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure on smoltification and subsequent seawater performance were investigated in hatchery-reared, anadromous Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). The fish were subjected to a 2-month summer seawater residence, after which they were orally dosed with 0 (Control, C), 1 (Low Dose, LD) or 100 mg Aroclor...
Probabilistic assessment of precipitation-triggered landslides using historical records of landslide occurrence, Seattle, Washington
Jeffrey A. Coe, J. A. Michael, R. A. Crovelli, William U. Savage, W.D. Nashem, W.T. Laprade
2004, Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (10) 103-122
Ninety years of historical landslide records were used as input to the Poisson and binomial probability models. Results from these models show that, for precipitation-triggered landslides, approximately 9 percent of the area of Seattle has annual exceedance probabilities of 1 percent or greater. Application of the Poisson model for estimating...
