Rotala rotundifolia (Lythraceae) new to Florida
K.C. Burks, D. W. Hall, V.V. Vandiver Jr., C.C. Jacono
2003, SIDA, Contributions to Botany (20) 1765-1769
Naturalized populations of the Asian amphibious species Rotala rotundifolia are documented for three peninsular Florida counties. Distinguishing characters and a comment on invasive potential are also provided....
The early Mesozoic Birdsboro central Atlantic margin basin in the Mid-Atlantic region, eastern United States
R. T. Faill
2003, Geological Society of America Bulletin (115) 406-421
The early Mesozoic Birdsboro basin (new name) was a single, elongate depositional trough in the present Mid-Atlantic area of the eastern United States, extending north-eastward from central Virginia across Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey into southern New York. What now remains after erosion comprises the Barboursville, Culpeper, Gettysburg, and Newark...
Using noble gases to investigate mountain-front recharge
A. H. Manning, D. K. Solomon
2003, Conference Paper, Journal of Hydrology
Mountain-front recharge is a major component of recharge to inter-mountain basin-fill aquifers. The two components of mountain-front recharge are (1) subsurface inflow from the mountain block (subsurface inflow), and (2) infiltration from perennial and ephemeral streams near the mountain front (stream seepage). The magnitude of subsurface inflow is of central...
Understanding fragmentation: Getting closer to 42
J. Bissonette, Ilse Storch
2003, Conservation Ecology (7)
[No abstract available]...
Why earthquakes correlate weakly with the solid Earth tides: Effects of periodic stress on the rate and probability of earthquake occurrence
N.M. Beeler, D.A. Lockner
2003, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (108)
We provide an explanation why earthquake occurrence does not correlate well with the daily solid Earth tides. The explanation is derived from analysis of laboratory experiments in which faults are loaded to quasiperiodic failure by the combined action of a constant stressing rate, intended to simulate tectonic loading, and a...
Tag loss can bias Jolly-Seber capture-recapture estimates
T. L. McDonald, Steven C. Amstrup, B.F.J. Manly
2003, Wildlife Society Bulletin (31) 814-822
We identified cases where the Jolly-Seber estimator of population size is biased under tag loss and tag-induced mortality by examining the mathematical arguments and performing computer simulations. We found that, except under certain tag-loss models and high sample sizes, the population size estimators (uncorrected for tag loss) are severely biased...
High-resolution topomapping of candidate MER landing sites with Mars Orbiter Camera narrow-angle images
Randolph L. Kirk, Elpitha Howington-Kraus, Bonnie L. Redding, Donna M. Galuszka, Trent M. Hare, Brent A. Archinal, Laurence A. Soderblom, Janet M. Barrett
2003, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (108)
We analyzed narrow‐angle Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC‐NA) images to produce high‐resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) in order to provide topographic and slope information needed to assess the safety of candidate landing sites for the Mars Exploration Rovers (MER) and to assess the accuracy of our results by a variety of...
Enhancement and management of eel fisheries affected by hydroelectric dams in New Zealand
J. Boubee, B. Chisnall, E. Watene, E. Williams, D. Roper, A. Haro
2003, American Fisheries Society Symposium (2003) 191-205
Two freshwater anguillid eel species, Anguilla australis and A. dieffenbachia, form the basis of important traditional, recreational, and commercial fisheries in New Zealand. These fisheries have been affected by the damming of many of the major waterways for hydroelectric generation. To create fisheries in reservoirs that would be otherwise inaccessible,...
Uptake of elements from seawater by ferromanganese crusts: Solid-phase associations and seawater speciation
A. Koschinsky, J.R. Hein
2003, Marine Geology (198) 331-351
Marine Fe-Mn oxyhydroxide crusts form by precipitation of dissolved components from seawater. Three hydrogenetic crust samples (one phosphatized) and two hydrothermal Mn-oxide samples were subjected to a sequential-leaching procedure in order to determine the host phases of 40 elements. Those host-phase associations are discussed with respect to element speciation in...
Intraplate triggered earthquakes: Observations and interpretation
S. E. Hough, L. Seeber, J.G. Armbruster
2003, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (93) 2212-2221
We present evidence that at least two of the three 1811-1812 New Madrid, central United States, mainshocks and the 1886 Charleston, South Carolina, earthquake triggered earthquakes at regional distances. In addition to previously published evidence for triggered earthquakes in the northern Kentucky/southern Ohio region in 1812, we present evidence suggesting...
Subcellular compartmentalization of Cd and Zn in two bivalves. I. Significance of metal-sensitive fractions (MSF) and biologically detoxified metal (BDM)
W.G. Wallace, B.-G. Lee, S. N. Luoma
2003, Marine Ecology Progress Series (249) 183-197
Many aspects of metal accumulation in aquatic invertebrates (i.e. toxicity, tolerance and trophic transfer) can be understood by examining the subcellular partitioning of accumulated metal. In this paper, we use a compartmentalization approach to interpret the significance of metal, species and size dependence in the subcellular partitioning of Cd and...
Natural seepage of crude oil into the marine environment
K.A. Kvenvolden, C.K. Cooper
2003, Geo-Marine Letters (23) 140-146
Recent global estimates of crude-oil seepage rates suggest that about 47% of crude oil currently entering the marine environment is from natural seeps, whereas 53% results from leaks and spills during the extraction, transportation, refining, storage, and utilization of petroleum. The amount of natural crude-oil seepage is currently estimated to...
Patterns and controls of surface sediment distribution: West-central Florida inner shelf
G. R. Brooks, L. J. Doyle, R. A. Davis, N. T. DeWitt, B. C. Suthard
2003, Marine Geology (200) 307-324
The west-central Florida inner shelf represents a transition between the quartz-dominated barrier-island system and the carbonate-dominated mid-outer shelf. Surface sediments exhibit a complex distribution pattern that can be attributed to multiple sediment sources and the ineffectiveness of physical processes for large-scale sediment redistribution. The west Florida shelf is the submerged...
Keeping the herds healthy and alert: Implications of predator control for infectious disease
Craig Packer, Robert D. Holt, Peter J. Hudson, Kevin D. Lafferty, Andrew P. Dobson
2003, Ecology Letters (6) 797-802
Predator control programmes are generally implemented in an attempt to increase prey population sizes. However, predator removal could prove harmful to prey populations that are regulated primarily by parasitic infections rather than by predation. We develop models for microparasitic and macroparasitic infection that specify the conditions where predator removal will...
The behavior of U- and Th-series nuclides in the estuarine environment
P.W. Swarzenski, D. Porcelli, P.S. Andersson, J.M. Smoak
2003, Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry (52) 577-606
Rivers carry the products of continental weathering, and continuously supply the oceans with a broad range of chemical constituents. This erosional signature is, however, uniquely moderated by biogeochemical processing within estuaries. Estuaries are commonly described as complex filters at land-sea margins, where significant transformations can occur due to strong physico-chemical...
Flood Frequency of Unregulated Streams of Tennessee Using Regional-Regression Equations and the Region-of-Influence Method
G.S. Law, Gary D. Tasker
P. Bizier, P. DeBarry, editor(s)
2003, Conference Paper, World Water and Environmental Resources Congress
The region-of-influence method and regional-regression equations are used to predict flood frequency of unregulated and ungaged rivers and streams of Tennessee. The prediction methods have been developed using strem-gage records from unregulated streams draining basins having 1-30% total impervious area. A computer application automates the calculation of the flood frequencies...
Role of colloidal material in the removal of 234Th in the Canada basin of the Arctic Ocean
M. Baskaran, P.W. Swarzenski, D. Porcelli
2003, Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers (50) 1353-1373
The phase partitioning of 234Th between dissolved (< 10-kiloDalton, kD), colloidal (10 kD - 0.4 ??m), and particulate (???0.5 ??m) matter across a horizontal transect, from a coastal station to the deep Canada Basin, and a vertical profile in the deep Canada Basin of the western Arctic Ocean was investigated....
Altered behavior in spotted hyenas associated with increased human activity
Erin E. Boydston, Karen M. Kapheim, Heather E. Watts, Micaela Szykman, Kay E. Holekamp
2003, Animal Conservation (6) 207-219
To investigate how anthropogenic activity might affect large carnivores, we studied the behaviour of spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) during two time periods. From 1996 to 1998, we documented the ecological correlates of space utilization patterns exhibited by adult female hyenas defending a territory at the edge of a wildlife reserve...
Individual variation in space use by female spotted hyenas
Erin E. Boydston, Karen M. Kapheim, Micaela Szykman, Kay E. Holekamp
2003, Journal of Mammalogy (84) 1006-1018
Large carnivores range more widely than many other terrestrial mammals, and this behavior tends to bring them into frequent conflict with humans. Within any carnivore population, individual variation in patterns of space use should be expected to make some animals more vulnerable than others to risks of mortality from humans...
Improving size estimates of open animal populations by incorporating information on age
Bryan F.J. Manly, Trent L. McDonald, Steven C. Amstrup, Eric V. Regehr
2003, BioScience (53) 666-669
Around the world, a great deal of effort is expended each year to estimate the sizes of wild animal populations. Unfortunately, population size has proven to be one of the most intractable parameters to estimate. The capture-recapture estimation models most commonly used (of the Jolly-Seber type) are complicated and require...
Exposure and effects of chemical contaminants on tree swallows nesting along the Housatonic River, Berkshire County, Massachusetts, USA, 1998-2000
Christine M. Custer, T. W. Custer, P.M. Dummer, K.L. Munney
2003, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (22) 1605-1621
Hatching success of tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) was assessed for three years in relation to chemical contamination along the Housatonic River, Berkshire County (MA, USA), in 1998, 1999, and 2000. Nest boxes were erected at five sites along the Housatonic River and its tributaries and at one reference location. Concentrations...
Efficacy of hydrogen peroxide in controlling mortality associated with saprolegniasis on walleye, white sucker, and paddlefish eggs
M.P. Gaikowski, J.J. Rach, M. Drobish, J. Hamilton, T. Harder, L.A. Lee, C. Moen, A. Moore
2003, North American Journal of Aquaculture (65) 349-355
The efficacy of hydrogen peroxide in controlling saprolegniasis on eggs of walleye Stizostedion vitreum, white sucker Catostomus commersoni, and paddlefish Polyodon spathula was evaluated at four private, state, and federal production hatcheries participating in an Investigational New Animal Drug efficacy study (experiment 1; walleyes) and in a laboratory-based miniature egg...
Trace elements in lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) from the Mississippi flyway
Christine M. Custer, T. W. Custer, M.J. Anteau, A. D. Afton, D.E. Wooten
2003, Ecotoxicology (12) 47-54
Previous research reported that concentrations of selenium in the livers of 88a??95% of lesser scaup from locations in Lake Erie, Lake St. Clair, and Lake Michigan, USA were either elevated (10a??33 A?g/g dry weight [dw]) or in the potentially harmful range (>33 A?g/g dw). In order to determine the geographic...
Effects of methyl mercury exposure on the growth of juvenile common loons
K.P. Kenow, S. Gutreuter, R. K. Hines, M.W. Meyer, F. Fournier, W. H. Karasov
2003, Ecotoxicology (12) 171-182
We conducted a dose–response laboratory study to quantify the level of mercury exposure associated with negative effects on the development of common loon chicks reared in captivity from hatch to 105 days. A dose regimen was implemented that provided exposure levels that bracketed relevant exposure levels of methyl mercury found...
Genetic Algorithm Calibration of Probabilistic Cellular Automata for Modeling Mining Permit Activity
S.J. Louis, G. L. Raines
2003, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence
We use a genetic algorithm to calibrate a spatially and temporally resolved cellular automata to model mining activity on public land in Idaho and western Montana. The genetic algorithm searches through a space of transition rule parameters of a two dimensional cellular automata model to find rule parameters that fit...
