New insights into Kilauea's volcano dynamics brought by large-scale relative relocation of microearthquakes
J.-L. Got, P. Okubo
2003, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (108)
We investigated the microseismicity recorded in an active volcano to infer information concerning the volcano structure and long-term dynamics, by using relative relocations and focal mechanisms of microearthquakes. There were 32,000 earthquakes of the Mauna Loa and Kilauea volcanoes recorded by more than eight stations of the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory...
Passage behavior of radio-tagged yearling Chinook salmon at Bonneville Dam, 2002: Revised for corrected spill annual report
S.D. Evans, L.S Wright, C. D. Smith, R.E. Wardell, N.S. Adams, D.W. Rondorf
2003, Report
Abstract not available ...
When and where the aftershock activity was depressed: Contrasting decay patterns of the proximate large earthquakes in southern California
Y. Ogata, L.M. Jones, S. Toda
2003, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (108)
Seismic quiescence has attracted attention as a possible precursor to a large earthquake. However, sensitive detection of quiescence requires accurate modeling of normal aftershock activity. We apply the epidemic-type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model that is a natural extension of the modified Omori formula for aftershock decay, allowing further clusters (secondary...
Vegetation dynamics under fire exclusion and logging in a Rocky Mountain watershed, 1856-1996
Alisa L. Gallant, A. J. Hansen, J.S. Councilman, D.K. Monte, D.W. Betz
2003, Ecological Applications (13) 385-403
How have changes in land management practices affected vegetation patterns in the greater Yellowstone ecosystem? This question led us to develop a deterministic, successional, vegetation model to “turn back the clock” on a study area and assess how patterns in vegetation cover type and structure have changed through different periods...
Swimming performance and physiological responses to exhaustive exercise in radio-tagged and untagged Pacific lampreys
M.G. Mesa, J.M. Bayer, J.G. Seelye
2003, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (132) 483-492
Populations of Pacific lamprey Lampetra tridentata have declined in the Columbia River basin. One factor that may have contributed to this reduction in population size is an excessive use of energy by adult lampreys as they negotiate fishways at dams during spawning migrations. To gain an understanding of the performance...
Effects of ammonium perchlorate on the reproductive performance and thyroid follicle histology of zebrafish
R. Patino, M. R. Wainscott, E. I. Cruz-Li, S. Balakrishnan, C. McMurry, V. S. Blazer, T.A. Anderson
2003, Conference Paper, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
Adult zebrafish were reared up to eight weeks in control water or in water containing ammonium perchlorate (AP) at measured perchlorate concentrations of 18 (environmentally relevant, high) and 677 ppm. Groups of eight females were paired with four males on a weekly basis to assess AP effects on spawned egg...
Comment on “Isotopic fractionation between Fe(III) and Fe(II) in aqueous solutions” by Clark Johnson et al., [Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 195 (2002) 141–153]
Thomas D. Bullen, Arthur F. White, Cyril W. Childs
2003, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (206) 229-232
In a recent contribution [1], Johnson et al. reported the equilibrium isotope fractionation factor between dissolved Fe(II) and Fe(III) in aqueous solutions at pH=2.5 and 5.5. They suggest that because the iron isotope fractionation observed in their experiments spans virtually the entire range observed in...
Using the bootstrap and fast Fourier transform to estimate confidence intervals of 2D kernel densities
John W. Kern, Trent L. McDonald, Steven C. Amstrup, George M. Durner, Wallace P. Erickson
2003, Environmental and Ecological Statistics (10) 405-418
Liquefaction potential index: Field assessment
S. Toprak, T.L. Holzer
2003, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering (129) 315-322
Cone penetration test (CPT) soundings at historic liquefaction sites in California were used to evaluate the predictive capability of the liquefaction potential index (LPI), which was defined by Iwasaki et al. in 1978. LPI combines depth, thickness, and factor of safety of liquefiable material inferred from a CPT sounding into...
Empirical ground-motion relations for subduction-zone earthquakes and their application to Cascadia and other regions
G. M. Atkinson, D.M. Boore
2003, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (93) 1703-1729
Ground-motion relations for earthquakes that occur in subduction zones are an important input to seismic-hazard analyses in many parts of the world. In the Cascadia region (Washington, Oregon, northern California, and British Columbia), for example, there is a significant hazard from megathrust earthquakes along the subduction interface and from large...
Three-dimensional imaging of buried objects in very lossy earth by inversion of VETEM data
T.J. Cui, A.A. Aydiner, W.C. Chew, D.L. Wright, D.V. Smith
2003, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (41) 2197-2210
The very early time electromagnetic system (VETEM) is an efficient tool for the detection of buried objects in very lossy earth, which allows a deeper penetration depth compared to the ground-penetrating radar. In this paper, the inversion of VETEM data is investigated using three-dimensional (3-D) inverse scattering techniques, where multiple...
Impacts of the Columbia River hydroelectric system on main-stem habitats of fall chinook salmon
D.D. Dauble, T.P. Hanrahan, D.R. Geist, M.J. Parsley
2003, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (23) 641-659
Salmonid habitats in main-stem reaches of the Columbia and Snake rivers have changed dramatically during the past 60 years because of hydroelectric development and operation. Only about 13% and 58% of riverine habitats in the Columbia and Snake rivers, respectively, remain. Most riverine habitat is found in the upper Snake...
A new species of Moraria (Crustacea: Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from the Laurentian Great Lakes
Janet W. Reid, Lynn T. Lesko
2003, Zootaxa (205) 1-19
Moraria hudsoni n. sp. is described from Trails End Bay in Lake Michigan and Prentiss Bay in Lake Huron, Michigan, USA. The new species differs from its congeners in chaetotaxy, body ornamentation, and other characters. We review published records of members of Moraria from North and Central America;...
Quaternary low-angle slip on detachment faults in Death Valley, California
N.W. Hayman, J.R. Knott, D.S. Cowan, E. Nemser, A.M. Sarna-Wojcicki
2003, Geology (31) 343-346
Detachment faults on the west flank of the Black Mountains (Nevada and California) dip 29??-36?? and cut subhorizontal layers of the 0.77 Ma Bishop ash. Steeply dipping normal faults confined to the hanging walls of the detachments offset layers of the 0.64 Ma Lava Creek B tephra and the base...
Geomedia: Mapping Colorado at a fine scale
R. Orndorff
2003, Geotimes (48) 36-37
Currently, only 24 percent of Colorado's spectacular geology has been mapped at the fine scale of 1:24,000. At the same time, the state hosts many geologic hazards. Most maps of Colorado are at much broader scales, failing to show detail of basic geology crucial to safe engineering and building practices...
Mass spectrometric identification of an azobenzene derivative produced by smectite-catalyzed conversion of 3-amino-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid
Robert L. Wershaw, David W. Rutherford, Colleen E. Rostad, John R. Garbarino, I. Ferrer, K. R. Kennedy, G.-M. Momplaisir, A. Grange
2003, Talanta (59) 1219-1226
The compound 3-amino-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid (3-amino-HPAA) reacts with smectite to form a soluble azobenzene arsonic acid compound. This reaction is of particular interest because it provides a possible mechanism for the formation of a new type of arsenic compound in natural water systems. 3-Amino-HPAA is a degradation product excreted by chickens...
Monitoring of Lost River suckers in the lower Williamson River
T.J. Tyler, E.C. Janney, H. Hendrixson, R.S. Shively
2003, Report
Abstract not available ...
Evaporation determined by the energy-budget method for Mirror Lake, New Hampshire
T. C. Winter, D.C. Buso, D.O. Rosenberry, G.E. Likens, A.M. Sturrock Jr., D.P. Mau
2003, Limnology and Oceanography (48) 995-1009
Evaporation was determined by the energy-budget method for Mirror Lake during the open water periods of 1982-1987. For all years, evaporation rates were low in spring and fall and highest during the summer. However, the times of highest evaporation rates varied during the 6 yr. Evaporation reached maximum rates in July for three of the years, in June for two of the years, and in...
Arsenic behavior in newly drilled wells
M.-J. Kim, J. Nriagu, S. Haack
2003, Conference Paper, Chemosphere
In the present paper, inorganic arsenic species and chemical parameters in groundwater were determined to investigate the factors related to the distribution of arsenic species and their dissolution from rock into groundwater. For the study, groundwater and core samples were taken at different depths of two newly drilled wells in...
An approach for mapping large-area impervious surfaces: Synergistic use of Landsat-7 ETM+ and high spatial resolution imagery
Limin Yang, Chengquan Huang, Collin G. Homer, Bruce K. Wylie, Michael Coan
2003, Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing (29) 230-240
A wide range of urban ecosystem studies, including urban hydrology, urban climate, land use planning, and resource management, require current and accurate geospatial data of urban impervious surfaces. We developed an approach to quantify urban impervious surfaces as a continuous variable by using multisensor and multisource datasets. Subpixel percent impervious...
Unlocking the secrets of Lake Clark sockeye salmon
Carol Ann Woody
2003, Alaska Park Science (2) 33-37
Sockeye salmon are a cornerstone species in many Alaska watersheds. Each summer, adults lay eggs in rocky nests called “redds,” and they die soon after. In spring, their fry emerge from gravels and then rear in a nearby freshwater lake for one year or more before migrating as smolt to...
High plant diversity in Eocene South America: Evidence from Patagonia
P. Wilf, N.R. Cuneo, K.R. Johnson, J.F. Hicks, S.L. Wing, J. D. Obradovich
2003, Science (300) 122-125
Tropical South America has the highest plant diversity of any region today, but this richness is usually characterized as a geologically recent development (Neogene or Pleistocene). From caldera-lake beds exposed at Laguna del Hunco in Patagonia, Argentina, paleolatitude ~47oS, we report 102 leaf species. Radioisotopic and paleomagnetic analyses indicate that...
Identification of linear and threshold responses in streams along a gradient of urbanization in Anchorage, Alaska
Robert T. Ourso, S.A. Frenzel
2003, Hydrobiologia (501) 117-131
We examined biotic and physiochemical responses in urbanized Anchorage, Alaska, to the percent of impervious area within stream basins, as determined by high-resolution IKONOS satellite imagery and aerial photography. Eighteen of the 86 variables examined, including riparian and instream habitat, macroinvertebrate communities, and water/sediment chemistry, were significantly correlated with percent...
A Benthic Community Index for streams in the Northern Lakes and Forests Ecoregion
Jason T. Butcher, Paul M. Stewart, Thomas P. Simon
2003, Ecological Indicators (3) 181-193
Encompassing the northern glaciated section of the Midwest United States, the Northern Lakes and Forests Ecoregion is characterized by mixed conifer and deciduous forests and wetlands. Sites were randomly selected in the ecoregion using the Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program designed to develop an index of...
Agreement among observers classifying larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) habitat
Katherine M. Mullett, Roger A. Bergstedt
2003, Journal of Great Lakes Research (29) 183-189
Estimates of larval sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) abundance are used to rank Great Lakes tributaries for lampricide treatment. Observers subjectively stratify habitat into three categories: type I = preferred, type II = acceptable, type III = unacceptable. Agreement was evaluated among eight observers classifying habitats in small discrete plots in...
