Global Omori law decay of triggered earthquakes: Large aftershocks outside the classical aftershock zone
Tom Parsons
2002, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (107) ESE 9-1-ESE 9-20
[1] Triggered earthquakes can be large, damaging, and lethal as evidenced by the1999 shocks in Turkey and the 2001 earthquakes in El Salvador. In this study, earthquakes with Ms ≥ 7.0 from the Harvard centroid moment tensor (CMT) catalog are modeled as dislocations to calculate shear stress changes on subsequent earthquake rupture...
Characterization of the spatial variability of channel morphology
J. A. Moody, B.M. Troutman
2002, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (27) 1251-1266
The spatial variability of two fundamental morphological variables is investigated for rivers having a wide range of discharge (five orders of magnitude). The variables, water-surface width and average depth, were measured at 58 to 888 equally spaced cross-sections in channel links (river reaches between major tributaries). These measurements provide data...
Magnitude estimates of two large aftershocks of the 16 December 1811 New Madrid earthquake
S. E. Hough, S. Martin
2002, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (92) 3259-3268
The three principal New Madrid mainshocks of 1811-1812 were followed by extensive aftershock sequences that included numerous felt events. Although no instrumental data are available for either the mainshocks or the aftershocks, available historical accounts do provide information that can be used to estimate magnitudes and locations for the large...
A simulation study of factors controlling white sturgeon recruitment in the Snake River
H.I. Jager, W. Van Winkle, James Angus Chandler, K.B. Lepla, P. Bates, T.D. Counihan
2002, American Fisheries Society Symposium (2002) 127-150
Five of the nine populations of white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus, located between dams on the Middle Snake River, have declined from historical levels and are now at risk of extinction. One step towards more effectively protecting and managing these nine populations is ranking factors that influence recruitment in each of...
Estradiol-induced gene expression in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
C.J. Bowman, K.J. Kroll, T.G. Gross, N. D. Denslow
2002, Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology (196) 67-77
Vitellogenin (Vtg) and estrogen receptor (ER) gene expression levels were measured in largemouth bass to evaluate the activation of the ER-mediated pathway by estradiol (E2). Single injections of E2 ranging from 0.0005 to 5 mg/kg up-regulated plasma Vtg in a dose-dependent manner. Vtg and ER mRNAs were measured using partial...
Movement of atrazine and deethylatrazine through a midwestern reservoir
J. D. Fallon, D.P. Tierney, E.M. Thurman
2002, Journal - American Water Works Association (94) 54-66
The three-dimensional visualization of atrazine and deethylatrazine in a reservoir was determined by five "snapshots" over a one-year period using immunoassay analyses, confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and visualized with a three-dimensional computer program. The surveys were conducted in Perry Lake in Kansas and showed that spring runoff laden with...
Residual bias in a multiphase flow model calibration and prediction
E. P. Poeter, R.H. Johnson
2002, Acta Universitatis Carolinae, Geologica (46) 208-212
When calibrated models produce biased residuals, we assume it is due to an inaccurate conceptual model and revise the model, choosing the most representative model as the one with the best-fit and least biased residuals. However, if the calibration data are biased, we may fail to identify an acceptable model...
Locally refined block-centred finite-difference groundwater models: Evaluation of parameter sensitivity and the consequences for inverse modelling
S. Mehl, M. C. Hill
2002, IAHS-AISH Publication 227-232
Models with local grid refinement, as often required in groundwater models, pose special problems for model calibration. This work investigates the calculation of sensitivities and the performance of regression methods using two existing and one new method of grid refinement. The existing local grid refinement methods considered are: (a) a...
Whirling disease among snake river cutthroat trout in two spring streams in Wyoming
W.A. Hubert, M. P. Joyce, R. Gipson, D. Zafft, D. Money, D. Hawk, B. Taro
2002, American Fisheries Society Symposium (2002) 181-193
We assessed endemic age-0 cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarki for evidence of pathology associated with Myxobolus cerebralis in two streams formed by springs in western Wyoming. We hypothesized that the location of spawning sites in spring streams would affect the extent of exposure of cutthroat trout fry to M. cerebralis triactinomyxons...
Use of electronarcosis to immobilize juvenile lake and shortnose sturgeons for handling and the effects on their behavior
E. Henyey, B. Kynard, P. Zhuang
2002, Journal of Applied Ichthyology (18) 502-504
Low voltage constant direct current was used to immobilize juvenile lake (Acipenser fulvescens) and shortnose sturgeons (A. brevirostrum). There was no significant difference in time/ the lake or shortnose sturgeons required to exhibit positive rheotaxis between fish immobilized with electricity and control fish (two-way ANOVA, P = 0.11). Fish immobilized...
Methyl tert-butyl ether in ground and surface water of the United States: National-scale relations between MTBE occurrence in surface and ground water and MTBE use in gasoline
Michael J. Moran, Rick M. Clawges, John S. Zogorski
2002, ACS Symposium Series (799) 2-16
The detection frequency of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) in ground and surface water of the United States is positively related to the content of MTBE in gasoline in various metropolitan areas of the U.S. The frequency of detection of MTBE is generally higher in areas that use larger amounts of MTBE...
Reactivity and mobility of new and old mercury deposition in a boreal forest ecosystem during the first year of the METAALICUS study
H. Hintelmann, R. Harris, A. Heyes, J.P. Hurley, C.A. Kelly, D. P. Krabbenhoft, S. Lindberg, J.W.M. Rudd, K.J. Scott, Louis
2002, Environmental Science & Technology (36) 5034-5040
The METAALICUS (Mercury Experiment To Assess Atmospheric Loading In Canada and the US) project is a whole ecosystem experiment designed to study the activity, mobility, and availability of atmospherically deposited mercury. To investigate the dynamics of mercury newly deposited onto a terrestrial ecosystem, an enriched stable isotope...
Gonadotropin-dependent oocyte maturational competence requires activation of the protein kinase A pathway and synthesis of RNA and protein in ovarian follicles of Nibe, Nibea mitsukurii (Teleostei, Sciaenidae)
G. Yoshizaki, M. Shusa, T. Takeuchi, R. Patino
2002, Fish Physiology and Biochemistry (25) 201-208
Luteinizing hormone- (LH)-dependent ovarian follicle maturation has been recently described in two stages for teleost fishes. The oocyte's ability to respond to the steroidal maturation-inducing hormone (MIH), also known as oocyte maturational competence (OMC), is acquired during the first stage; whereas the MIH-dependent resumption of meiosis occurs during the second...
The national elevation data set
Dean B. Gesch, Michael J. Oimoen, Susan K. Greenlee, Charles A. Nelson, Michael J. Steuck, Dean J. Tyler
2002, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (68) 5-11
The NED is a seamless raster dataset from the USGS that fulfills many of the concepts of framework geospatial data as envisioned for the NSDI, allowing users to focus on analysis rather than data preparation. It is regularly maintained and updated, and it provides basic elevation data for many GIS...
Evaluation of Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) for measuring river corridor topography
Z.H. Bowen, R.G. Waltermire
2002, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (38) 33-41
LIDAR is relatively new in the commercial market for remote sensing of topography and it is difficult to find objective reporting on the accuracy of LIDAR measurements in an applied context. Accuracy specifications for LIDAR data in published evaluations range from 1 to 2 m root mean square error (RMSEx,y)...
IL-2 and IL-12 alter NK cell responsiveness to IFN-γ-inducible protein 10 by down-regulating CXCR3 expression
D. L. Hodge, William B. Schill, Ji Ming Wang, I. Blanca, D. A. Reynolds, J. R. Ortaldo, H. A. Young
2002, Journal of Immunology (168) 6090-6098
Cytokine treatment of NK cells results in alterations in multiple cellular responses that include cytotoxicity, cytokine production, proliferation, and chemotaxis. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying these responses, microarray analysis was performed and the resulting gene expression patterns were compared between unstimulated, IL-2, IL-2 plus IL-12,...
Nesting ecology of tundra swans on the coastal Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska
Colleen A. Babcock, A. C. Fowler, Craig R. Ely
2002, Waterbirds (25) 236-240
Nesting ecology of Tundra Swans (Cygnus columbianus columbianus) was studies the Kashunuk River near Old Chevak (61A?26a??N, 165A?27a??W), on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta of western Alaska from 1988-2000. Annual variation in snow-melt chronology, nesting phenology, nesting density, clutch size and nest success was examined. The same area (approximately 23 kmA?) was...
Avian furcula morphology may indicate relationships of flight requirements among birds
Clifford Hui
2002, Journal of Morphology (251) 284-293
This study examined furcula (wishbone) shape relative to flight requirements. The furculae from 53 museum specimens in eight orders were measured: 1) three-dimensional shape (SR) as indicated by the ratio of the direct distance between the synostosis interclavicularis and the ligamentous attachment of one of its clavicles to the actual...
A baiting system for delivery of an oral plague vaccine to black-tailed prairie dogs
Terry E. Creekmore, Tonie E. Rocke, J. Hurley
2002, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (38) 32-39
Laboratory and field studies were conducted between July and October 1999 to identify bait preference, biomarker efficacy, and bait acceptance rates for delivering an oral plague vaccine to black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus). Twenty juvenile captive prairie dogs were offered alfalfa baits containing either alfalfa, alfalfa and 5% molasses, or...
Habitat and movement of lake sturgeon in the upper Mississippi River system, USA
Brent C. Knights, Jonathon M. Vallazza, Steven J. Zigler, Michael R. Dewey
2002, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (131) 507-522
Lake sturgeon Acipenser fluvescens, which are now protected from harvest, are considered rare in the upper Mississippi River and little information is available on the remaining populations. Transmitters were implanted into 31 lake sturgeon from two sites in the upper Mississippi River to describe their habitats and movement. The areas surrounding...
Bear reintroduction: Lessons and challenges
Joseph D. Clark, Djuro Huber, Christopher Servheen
2002, Ursus (13) 335-345
Reintroduction is defined as an attempt to establish a species in an area that was once part of its historical range, but from which it has been extirpated or become extinct. Historically, one of the most successful programs was the reintroduction of 254 American black bears (Ursus americanus) from Minnesota...
Soil chemistry and ground-water quality of the water-table zone of the surficial aquifer, Naval Submarine Base Kings Bay, Camden County, Georgia, 1998 and 1999
David C. Leeth
2002, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2001-4272
In 1998, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Navy, began an investigation to determine background ground-water quality of the water-table zone of the surficial aquifer and soil chemistry at Naval Submarine Base Kings Bay, Camden County, Georgia, and to compare these data to two...
Survival and immobilizing moose with carfentanil and xylazine
Thomas J. Roffe, K. Coffin, Joel Berger
2001, Wildlife Society Bulletin (29) 1140-1146
The use of carfentanil with other drugs to immobilize moose (Alces alces) has yielded mixed results. Previous work on chemically immobilizing moose with these drugs reported mortality of 6–19%. Even the most recent study of free-ranging moose using the same drug combination as we used in this report (carfentanil and...
Nitrogen
D.A. Kramer
2001, Mining Engineering (53) 48-49
US ammonia production in 2000 declined by about 7% from 1999. The largest decline occurred in the second half of the year. High natural gas prices caused many plants to close or curtail production near the end of the year. By year-end, about one-third of the US ammonia production capacity...
Food webs including parasites, biomass, body sizes, and life stages for three California/Baja California estuaries
Ryan F. Hechinger, Kevin D. Lafferty, John P. McLaughlin, Brian L. Fredensborg, Todd C. Huspeni, Julio Lorda, Parwant K. Sandhu, Jenny C. Shaw, Mark E. Torchin, Kathleen L. Whitney, Armand M. Kuris
2001, Ecology (92) 791
This data set presents food webs for three North American Pacific coast estuaries and a “Metaweb” composed of the species/stages compiled from all three estuaries. The webs have four noteworthy attributes: (1) parasites (infectious agents), (2) body-size information, (3) biomass information, and (4) ontogenetic stages of many animals with complex...
