Behavioral effects of environmental enrichment on harbor seals (Phoca vitulina concolor) and gray seals (Halichoerus grypus)
S. A. Hunter, M. S. Bay, M. L. Martin, Jeff S. Hatfield
2002, Zoo Biology (21) 375-387
Zoos and aquariums have been incorporating environmental enrichment into their animal care programs for the past 30 years to increase mental stimulation and promote natural behaviors. However, most attempts to document the effects of enrichment on animal behavior have focused on terrestrial mammals. Staff at the National Aquarium in Baltimore...
Capture locations and growth rates of Atlantic sturgeon in the Chesapeake Bay
S.A. Welsh, S.M. Eyler, M.F. Mangold, A.J. Spells
2002, American Fisheries Society Symposium (2002) 183-194
Little information exists on temporal and spatial distributions of wild and hatchery-reared Atlantic sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus in the Chesapeake Bay. Approximately 3,300 hatchery-reared Atlantic sturgeon comprised of two size groups were released into the Nanticoke River, a tributary of the Chesapeake Bay, on 8 July 1996. During January 1996-May...
The influence of sylvatic plague on North American wildlife at the landscape level, with special emphasis on black-footed ferret and prairie dog conservation
M.F. Antolin, P. Gober, Bob Luce, D. E. Biggins, W.E. van Pelt, D.B. Seery, M. Lockhart, M. Ball
2002, Conference Paper, Transactions of the 67th North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference
No abstract available....
Arsenic species and chemistry in groundwater of southeast Michigan
M.-J. Kim, J. Nriagu, S. Haack
2002, Environmental Pollution (120) 379-390
Groundwater samples, taken from 73 wells in 10 counties of southeast Michigan in 1997 had arsenic concentrations in the range of 0.5 to 278 μg/l, the average being 29 μg/l. About 12% of these wells had arsenic concentrations that exceeded the current USEPA's maximum contaminant level of 50 μg/l. Most...
Palila (Loxioides bailleui)
Paul C. Banko, Luanne Johnson, Gerald D. Lindsey, Steven G. Fancy, Thane K. Pratt, James Jacobi, Winston E. Banko
2002, Birds of North America No. 679
One of the last surviving of the extraordinary “finch-billed” Hawaiian honeycreepers (Drepanidinae), the Palila epitomizes specialization for seed-eating as it relies almost entirely on immature (soft) seeds, flowers, and other resources produced or supported by mämane (Sophora chrysophylla: Fabaceae), an endemic dry-forest tree. Mämane seeds are highly nutritious, but...
Groundwater hydrochemistry in the active layer of the proglacial zone, Finsterwalderbreen, Svalbard
R.J. Cooper, J.L. Wadham, M. Tranter, R. Hodgkins, N.E. Peters
2002, Journal of Hydrology (269) 208-223
Glacial bulk meltwaters and active-layer groundwaters were sampled from the proglacial zone of Finsterwalderbreen during a single melt season in 1999, in order to determine the geochemical processes that maintain high chemical weathering rates in the proglacial zone of this glacier. Results demonstrate that the principle means of solute acquisition...
A new genus of alien grass discovered in Hawai‘i: Oryzopsis (Poaceae)
Steve J. Dougill, Paul C. Banko
2002, Newsletter of the Hawaiian Botanical Society (41)
No abstract available....
A fault constitutive relation accounting for thermal pressurization of pore fluid
D.J. Andrews
2002, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (107) ESE 15-1-ESE 15-8
The heat generated in a slip zone during an earthquake can raise fluid pressure and thereby reduce frictional resistance to slip. The amount of fluid pressure rise depends on the associated fluid flow. The heat generated at a given time produces fluid pressure that decreases inversely with the square root...
A Geothermal GIS for Nevada: Defining Regional Controls and Favorable Exploration Terrains for Extensional Geothermal Systems
M.F. Coolbaugh, J. V. Taranik, G. L. Raines, L.A. Shevenell, D. L. Sawatzky, R. Bedell, T.B. Minor
2002, Conference Paper, Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council
Spatial analysis with a GIS was used to evaluate geothermal systems in Nevada using digital maps of geology, heat flow, young faults, young volcanism, depth to groundwater, groundwater geochemistry, earthquakes, and gravity. High-temperature (>160??C) extensional geothermal systems are preferentially associated with northeast-striking late Pleistocene and younger faults, caused by crustal...
Nevada 2002 area report
A.E. Cook, C.T. Martinez, J.S. Sjoberg, S.C. Goodchild, G.G. Scoppettone, G. Clemmer, J.E. Heinrich, J. French
2002, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the desert fishes council
Abstract not available...
Studies on the detection, transmission, and development of Renibacterium salmoninarum infections in Great Lakes salmonid fishes. Report for June-September 2002.
R.J. Pascho, D.G. Elliott
2002, Report
Abstract not available ...
Long-term ecosystem studies in Isle Royale, Olympic, and Rocky Mountain National Parks; Noatak National Preserve, and Fraser Experimental Forest; Noatak National Preserve, and Fraser Experimental Forest. Research Report no. 95
R. Stottlemyer, Jill Baron, R. Edmonds, L. Scherbarth, Heidi Steltzer
2002, Report
No abstract available....
Thermal conductivity measurements in porous mixtures of methane hydrate and quartz sand
W.F. Waite, B.J. deMartin, S. H. Kirby, J. Pinkston, C.D. Ruppel
2002, Geophysical Research Letters (29) 1-82
Using von Herzen and Maxwell's needle probe method, we measured thermal conductivity in four porous mixtures of quartz sand and methane gas hydrate, with hydrate composing 0, 33, 67 and 100% of the solid volume. Thermal conductivities were measured at a constant methane pore pressure of 24.8 MPa between -20...
Sediment characteristics and configuration within three dam impoundments on the Kalamazoo River, Michigan, 2000
S. J. Rheaume, C. M. Rachol, D. L. Hubbell, Andreanne Simard
2002, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4098
The removal of the remnants of three hydroelectric dams on the Kalamazoo River near Plainwell, Otsego, and Allegan, Michigan, has been proposed. The benefits of this removal include returning the Kalamazoo River to its pre-dam flow, increasing recreational use and safety on the river, and improving aquatic habitat. The U.S....
Growth and abundance of Pacific Sand Lance, Ammodytes hexapterus, under differing oceanographic regimes
Martin D. Robards, Floyd Gray, John F. Piatt
2002, Environmental Biology of Fishes (64) 429-441
Dramatic changes in seabird and marine mammal stocks in the Gulf of Alaska have been linked to shifts in abundance and composition of forage fish stocks over the past 20 years. The relative value (e.g., size and condition of individual fish, abundance) of specific forage fish stocks to predators under...
X-ray Computed Tomography Observation of Methane Hydrate Dissociation
L. Tomutsa, B. Freifeld, T.J. Kneafsey, L.A. Stern
2002, Conference Paper, SPE Proceedings - Gas Technology Symposium
Deposits of naturally occurring methane hydrate have been identified in permafrost and deep oceanic environments with global reserves estimated to be twice the total amount of energy stored in fossil fuels. The fundamental behavior of methane hydrate in natural formations, while poorly understood, is of critical importance if the economic...
Fecampia erythrocephala rediscovered: prevalence and distribution of a parasitoid of the European shore crab, Carcinus maenas
Armand M. Kuris, Mark E. Torchin, Kevin D. Lafferty
2002, Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom (82) 955-960
An ecological assessment of Fecampia erythrocephala, reporting its habitat distribution, abundance, host specificity, size-specific prevalence, frequency distribution among hosts, effect on host growth, and its site specificity within these hosts is presented. At the Isle of Man and near Plymouth, Fecampia erythrocephala cocoons were generally abundant on the...
Interactions among zebra mussel shells, invertebrate prey, and Eurasian ruffe or yellow perch
Cynthia S. Kolar, Aimee H. Fullerton, K. M. Martin, Gary A Lamberti
2002, Journal of Great Lakes Research (28) 664-673
The exotic zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, is established in all of the Laurentian Great Lakes and may affect benthivorous fishes by increasing the complexity of benthic substrates and changing energy flow patterns within the food web. Native yellow perch, Perca flavescens, and the nonindigenous Eurasian ruffe, Gymnocephalus cernuus, are benthivores that may compete...
Modified Biot-Gassmann theory for calculating elastic velocities for unconsolidated and consolidated sediments
Myung W. Lee
2002, Marine Geophysical Research (23) 403-412
The classical Biot-Gassmann theory (BGT) generally overestimates shear-wave velocities of water-saturated sediments. To overcome this problem, a new theory is developed based on BGT and on the velocity ratio as a function of G(1−φ)n, where φ is porosity and n and G are constants. Based on laboratory data measured at ultrasonic frequencies, parameters for the...
Habitat use and foraging behavior of Townsend's big-eared bat (Corynorhinus townsendii) in coastal California
Gary M. Fellers, Elizabeth D. Pierson
2002, Journal of Mammalogy (83) 167-177
Radiotracking studies of Townsend's big-eared bat (Corynorhinus townsendii) were conducted in grazed grassland and coastal forest (California bay, Douglas-fir, and redwood) at Point Reyes National Seashore in coastal central California. Radiotagged bats were used to determine the foraging patterns of both female and male bats and to locate alternate roost...
Seismic-reflection profiles of the central part of the Clarendon-Linden fault system of western New York in relation to regional seismicity
R.H. Fakundiny, P.W. Pomeroy
2002, Tectonophysics (353) 173-213
Geological and geophysical research in upstate New York, with few exceptions, has not definitively associated seismicity with specific Proterozoic basement or Paleozoic bedrock structures. The central part of the Clarendon-Linden fault system (CLFS) between Batavia and Dale, NY is one of those exceptions where seismicity has been studied and has...
Holocene multidecadal and multicentennial droughts affecting Northern California and Nevada
L. Benson, Michaele Kashgarian, R. Rye, S. Lund, F. Paillet, J. Smoot, C. Kester, S. Mensing, D. Meko, S. Lindstrom
2002, Quaternary Science Reviews (21) 659-682
Continuous, high-resolution δ18O records from cored sediments of Pyramid Lake, Nevada, indicate that oscillations in the hydrologic balance occurred, on average, about every 150 years (yr) during the past 7630 calendar years (cal yr). The records are not stationary; during the past 2740 yr, drought durations ranged from 20 to 100 yr and intervals between...
Regional seismic wavefield computation on a 3-D heterogeneous Earth model by means of coupled traveling wave synthesis
F. F. Pollitz
2002, Pure and Applied Geophysics (159) 2085-2112
I present a new algorithm for calculating seismic wave propagation through a three-dimensional heterogeneous medium using the framework of mode coupling theory originally developed to perform very low frequency (f < ???0.01-0.05 Hz) seismic wavefield computation. It is a Greens function approach for multiple scattering within a defined volume and...
Spatial patterns in the abundance of the coastal horned lizard
Robert N. Fisher, Andrew V. Suarez, Ted J. Case
2002, Conservation Biology (16) 205-215
Coastal horned lizards ( Phrynosoma coronatum) have undergone severe declines in southern California and are a candidate species for state and federal listing under the Endangered Species Act. Quantitative data on their habitat use, abundance, and distribution are lacking, however. We investigated the determinants of abundance for coastal horned lizards at...
U-Pb zircon geochronology of the Paleoproterozoic Tagragra de Tata inlier and its Neoproterozoic cover, western Anti-Atlas, Morocco
G. J. Walsh, J. N. Aleinikoff, F. Benziane, A. Yazidi, T. R. Armstrong
2002, Precambrian Research (117) 1-20
New U-Pb zircon data obtained by sensitive high resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) from the Tagragra de Tata inlier in the western Anti-Atlas, Morocco establish Paleoproterozoic ages for the basement schists, granites, and metadolerites, and a Neoproterozoic age for an ignimbrite of the Ouarzazate Series in the cover sequence. The age...
