Use of acoustic classification of sidescan sonar data for mapping benthic habitat in the Northern Channel Islands, California
Guy R. Cochrane, Kevin D. Lafferty
2002, Continental Shelf Research (22) 683-690
Highly reflective seafloor features imaged by sidescan sonar in nearshore waters off the Northern Channel Islands (California, USA) have been observed in subsequent submersible dives to be areas of thin sand covering bedrock. Adjacent areas of rocky seafloor, suitable as habitat for endangered species of abalone and rockfish, and encrusting...
Activity patterns and time budgets of the declining sea otter population at Amchitka Island, Alaska
Thomas S. Gelatt, Donald B. Siniff, James A. Estes
2002, Journal of Wildlife Management (66) 29-39
Time budgets of predators may reflect population status if time spent foraging varies with local prey abun- dance. We assumed that the sea otter (Enhydra lutris) population at Amchitka Island, Alaska, USA, had been at equilibrium since the early 1960s and collected time budgets of otters to be used to...
Management and conservation of San Francisco Bay salt ponds: effects of pond salinity, area, tide, and season on Pacific Flyway waterbirds
Nils Warnock, Gary W. Page, Tamiko D. Ruhlen, Nadav Nur, John Y. Takekawa, Janet T. Hanson
2002, Waterbirds (25) 79-92
Throughout the world, coastal salt ponds provide habitat for large numbers and diversities of water- birds. San Francisco Bay contains the most important coastal salt pond complexes for waterbirds in the United States, supporting more than a million waterbirds through the year. As an initial step in attempting to understand...
The 26 January 2001 M 7.6 Bhuj, India, earthquake: Observed and predicted ground motions
S. E. Hough, S. Martin, R. Bilham, G. M. Atkinson
2002, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (92) 2061-2079
Although local and regional instrumental recordings of the devastating 26, January 2001, Bhuj earthquake are sparse, the distribution of macroseismic effects can provide important constraints on the mainshock ground motions. We compiled available news accounts describing damage and other effects and interpreted them to obtain modified Mercalli intensities (MMIs) at...
Nesting ecology of tundra swans on the coastal Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska
Colleen A. Babcock, A. C. Fowler, Craig R. Ely
2002, Waterbirds (25) 236-240
Nesting ecology of Tundra Swans (Cygnus columbianus columbianus) was studies the Kashunuk River near Old Chevak (61A?26a??N, 165A?27a??W), on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta of western Alaska from 1988-2000. Annual variation in snow-melt chronology, nesting phenology, nesting density, clutch size and nest success was examined. The same area (approximately 23 kmA?) was...
Association of methylmercury with dissolved humic acids
A. Amirbahman, A.L. Reid, T.A. Haines, J. S. Kahl, C. Arnold
2002, Environmental Science & Technology (36) 690-695
Sorption of methylmercury (MeHg) to three different humic acids was investigated as a function of pH and humic concentration. The extent of sorption did not show a strong pH dependence within the pH range of 5−9. Below pH 5, a decrease in adsorption for all humic samples was observed. The...
Status and trends in atmospheric deposition and emissions near Atlanta, Georgia, 1986-99
N.E. Peters, T.P. Meyers, Brent T. Aulenbach
2002, Atmospheric Environment (36) 1577-1588
Wet and dry atmospheric deposition were investigated from weekly data, 1986-99 (1986-97 for dry deposition) at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed (PMRW), a forested research site 25 km, southeast of Atlanta, Georgia. Furthermore, the wet deposition was compared to that at three adjacent National Atmospheric Deposition Program's National Trends Network...
Health impacts of coal and coal use: Possible solutions
R. B. Finkelman, W. Orem, V. Castranova, C. A. Tatu, H. E. Belkin, B. Zheng, H.E. Lerch, S.V. Maharaj, A. L. Bates
2002, International Journal of Coal Geology (50) 425-443
Coal will be a dominant energy source in both developed and developing countries for at least the first half of the 21st century. Environmental problems associated with coal, before mining, during mining, in storage, during combustion, and postcombustion waste products are well known and are being addressed by ongoing research....
West Nile Virus: A threat to North American avian species
R. G. McLean
2002, Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference (67) 62-74
The introduction and extensive expansion of WNV in the US in the last three years is having a dramatic impact on native wildlife. The disease continues to cause significant mortality in a variety of bird species throughout the eastern US, particularly in American crow and blue jay populations. As the...
[Book review] Epiphytic Lichen Diversity and its Dependence on Chemical Site Factors in Differently Elevated Dieback-affected Spruce Stands of the Harz Mountains, by Volker Hesse
J. P. Bennett
2002, Bryologist (105) 730-731
Review of: Epiphytic lichen diversity and its dependence on chemical site factors in differently elevated dieback-affected spruce stands of the Harz Mountains. (Dissertationes Botanicae, Band 354). Volker Hesse. 2002. 191 pages, 66 figures, 49 tables, 23x14cm, 390 g. ISBN 978-3-443-64266-2....
Southwestern willow flycatcher breeding site and territory summary - 2001
M. Sogge, S. Sferra, T. McCarthey, S. O Williams III, B. Kus
2002, Report
No abstract available at this time...
Effects of management practices on wetland birds: Marsh Wren
Amy L. Zimmerman, Jill A. Dechant, Douglas H. Johnson, Christopher M. Goldade, James O. Church, Betty R. Euliss
2002, Report
Information on the habitat requirements and effects of habitat management on wetland birds were summarized from information in more than 500 published and unpublished papers. A range map is provided to indicate the relative densities of the species in North America, based on Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data. Although the...
Hydrologic variability and the application of Index of Biotic Integrity metrics to wetlands: a Great Lakes evaluation
Douglas A. Wilcox, James E. Meeker, Patrick L. Hudson, Brian J. Armitage, M. Glen Black, Donald G. Uzarski
2002, Wetlands (22) 588-615
Interest by land-management and regulatory agencies in using biological indicators to detect wetland degradation, coupled with ongoing use of this approach to assess water quality in streams, led to the desire to develop and evaluate an Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI) for wetlands that could be used to categorize the...
Evaluation of spatial models to predict vulnerability of forest birds to brood parasitism by cowbirds
E.J. Gustafson, M. G. Knutson, G.J. Niemi, M. Friberg
2002, Ecological Applications (12) 412-426
We constructed alternative spatial models at two scales to predict Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) parasitism rates from land cover maps. The local-scale models tested competing hypotheses about the relationship between cowbird parasitism and distance of host nests from a forest edge (forest-nonforest boundary). The landscape models tested competing hypotheses about...
Floristic quality assessment of one natural and three restored wetland complexes in North Dakota, USA
David M. Mushet, Ned H. Euliss Jr., Terry L. Shaffer
2002, Wetlands (22) 126-138
Floristic quality assessment is potentially an important tool for conservation efforts in the northern Great Plains of North America, but it has received little rigorous evaluation. Floristic quality assessments rely on coefficients assigned to each plant species of a region’s flora based on the conservatism of each species relative to...
Response of a subarctic salt marsh plant community to grubbing and grazing by captive lesser snow geese
Amy B. Zacheis, Jerry W. Hupp, Roger W. Ruess
2002, Écoscience (9) 320-331
Foraging intensity and faecal inputs are important determinants of plant community response to herbivory. We used captive adult lesser snow geese (Anser caerulescens caerulescens), which feed on both above- and below-ground plant tissues, to manipulate foraging intensity and faecal inputs to plots in a sedge meadow in spring, 1996. We...
Nutrient limitation, hydrology and watershed nitrogen loss
Steven S. Perakis
2002, Hydrological Processes (16) 3507-3511
No abstract available....
Patterns of lichen diversity in Yellowstone National Park
S. Eversman, C. M. Wetmore, K. Glew, J. P. Bennett
2002, Bryologist (105) 27-42
We here report 359 species in 103 genera from Yellowstone National Park. We found 71.3% of the total number of species in Picea engelmannii forests and 57.4% of the total number in Pseudotsuga menziesii stands. This compares to 42.3% of the species in Pinus contorta and 37.0% of the species...
Invertebrate biomass: associations with lesser prairie-chicken habitat use and sand sagebrush density in southwestern Kansas
B. Jamison, R.J. Robel, J.S. Pontius, R.D. Applegate
2002, Wildlife Society Bulletin (30) 517-526
Invertebrates are important food sources for lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) adults and broods. We compared invertebrate biomass in areas used and not used by lesser prairie-chicken adults and broods. We used radiotelemetry to determine use and non-use areas in sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia) prairie in southwestern Kansas and sampled invertebrate...
Does food availability affect energy expenditure rates of nesting seabirds? A supplemental-feeding experiment with Black-Legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla)
Patrick G.R. Jodice, Daniel D. Roby, Scott A. Hatch, Verena A. Gill, Richard B. Lanctot, G. Henk Visser
2002, Canadian Journal of Zoology (80) 214-222
We used a supplemental-feeding experiment, the doubly labeled water technique, and a model-selection approach based upon the Akaike Information Criterion to examine effects of food availability on energy expenditure rates of Black-legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) raising young. Energy expenditure rates of supplementally fed females (n = 14) and males (n...
United States streamflow probabilities and uncertainties based on anticipated El Niño, water year 2003
M. Dettinger, D. Cayan, K. Redmond
2002, Experimental Long-Lead Forecast Bulletin (11) 46-52
During the course of spring and summer 2002, tropical sea-surface temperatures in the eastern Pacific Ocean have warmed and the wind and pressure fields have shifted, so that by August, there was considerable confidence that water year (October–September) 2003 will be characterized by a weak to mild El Niño climate...
Long lead statistical forecasts of area burned in western U.S. wildfires by ecosystem province
A.L. Westerling, A. Gershunov, D.R. Cayan, T.P. Barnett
2002, Conference Paper, International Journal of Wildland Fire
A statistical forecast methodology exploits large-scale patterns in monthly U.S. Climatological Division Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) values over a wide region and several seasons to predict area burned in western U.S. wildfires by ecosystem province a season in advance. The forecast model, which is based on canonical correlations, indicates...
Population dynamics of bloaters (Coregonus hoyi) in Lake Michigan, 1973-1998
L.M. TeWinkel, T. Kroeff, G.W. Fleischer, M. Toneys
2002, Advances in Limnology (57) 307-320
Past research has demonstrated that the recruitment pattern of Lake Michigan bloaters (Coregonus hoyi) was best represented by a Beverton-Holt function during 1977-1983. In this present study, we re-assessed relations in bloater recruitment and investigated trends in sex ratio and mean length at age as they related to recent changes...
Considerations for sampling inorganic constituents in ground water using diffusion samplers
D.A. Vroblesky, M.D. Petkewich, T.R. Campbell
Gavaskar A.R.Chen A.S.C., editor(s)
2002, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Remediation of Chlorinated and Recalcitrant Compounds
Data indicate that nylon-screen and dialysis diffusion samplers are capable of obtaining concentrations of inorganic solutes in ground water from wells that closely correspond to concentrations obtained by low-flow sampling. Conservative solutes, such as chloride, can be sampled by filling the diffusion samplers with oxygenated water. The samplers should be...
Geothermal systems of the Great Basin and U.S. Geological Survey plans for a regional resource assessment
Colin F. Williams
2002, Conference Paper, Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council
Based on current projections, the United States faces the need to increase its electrical power generating capacity by 40% (approximately 300,000 Megawatts-electrical or MWe) over the next 20 years (Energy Information Administration, EIA - Department of Energy). A critical question for the near future is the extent to which geothermal...
