Effects of triploid grass carp on aquatic plants, water quality, and public satisfaction in Washington State
Scott A. Bonar, B. Bolding, M. Divens
2002, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (22) 96-105
We investigated effects of triploid grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella on aquatic macrophyte communities, water quality, and public satisfaction for 98 lakes and ponds in Washington State stocked with grass carp between 1990 and 1995. Grass carp had few noticeable effects on macrophyte communities until 19 months following stocking. After 19...
Mercury contamination from historic mining in water and sediment, Guadalupe River and San Francisco Bay, California
M.A. Thomas, C.H. Conaway, D.J. Steding, M. Marvin-DiPasquale, K. E. Abu-Saba, A.R. Flegal
2002, Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis (2) 211-217
The New Almaden mercury mines in California (USA), which collectively represent the largest historic producers of mercury in North America, are a persistent source of mercury contamination to the San Francisco Bay estuary. An estimate based on total mercury concentration (HgTOT) and provisional stream flow data measured at a gauging...
Using flowmeter pulse tests to define hydraulic connections in the subsurface: A fractured shale example
J.H. Williams, Frederick L. Paillet
2002, Journal of Hydrology (265) 100-117
Cross-borehole flowmeter pulse tests define subsurface connections between discrete fractures using short stress periods to monitor the propagation of the pulse through the flow system. This technique is an improvement over other cross-borehole techniques because measurements can be made in open boreholes without packers or previous identification of water-producing intervals....
Corn leaf nitrate reductase - A nontoxic alternative to cadmium for photometric nitrate determinations in water samples by air-segmented continuous-flow analysis
C.J. Patton, A.E. Fischer, W.H. Campbell, E.R. Campbell
2002, Environmental Science & Technology (36) 729-735
Development, characterization, and operational details of an enzymatic, air-segmented continuous-flow analytical method for colorimetric determination of nitrate + nitrite in natural-water samples is described. This method is similar to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency method 353.2 and U.S. Geological Survey method 1-2545-90 except that nitrate is reduced to nitrite by soluble...
Assessing mine drainage pH from the color and spectral reflectance of chemical precipitates
D.J. Williams, J.M. Bigham, C.A. Cravotta III, S.J. Traina, J.E. Anderson, J.G. Lyon
2002, Applied Geochemistry (17) 1273-1286
The pH of mine impacted waters was estimated from the spectral reflectance of resident sediments composed mostly of chemical precipitates. Mine drainage sediments were collected from sites in the Anthracite Region of eastern Pennsylvania, representing acid to near neutral pH. Sediments occurring in acidic waters contained primarily schwertmannite and goethite...
A modular approach to addressing model design, scale, and parameter estimation issues in distributed hydrological modelling
G.H. Leavesley, S.L. Markstrom, Pedro J. Restrepo, Roland J. Viger
2002, Hydrological Processes (16) 173-187
A modular approach to model design and construction provides a flexible framework in which to focus the multidisciplinary research and operational efforts needed to facilitate the development, selection, and application of the most robust distributed modelling methods. A variety of modular approaches have been developed, but with little consideration for...
A comparison of diets of blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis) and threadfin shad (Dorosoma petenense) in a large southeastern U.S. Reservoir
Dana L. Winkelman, Michael J. Van Den Avyle
2002, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (17) 209-221
The objective of this study was to determine dietary overlap between blueback herring and threadfin shad in J. Strom Thrumond Reservoir, South Carolina/Georgia. We also evaluated prey selectivity for each speices and diet differences between two size categories of blueback herring. Diet and zooplankton samples were collected every other month...
Spatial and statistical differences between 1:250,000- and 1:24,000-scale digital soil databases
K. E. Juracek, D.M. Wolock
2002, Journal of Soil and Water Conservation (57) 89-94
In this study, 1:250,000- and 1:24,000-scale digital soil databases for Kansas were compared statistically and spatially. The soil attributes used in this comparison were soil permeability, percent clay, and hydrologic group. Results indicate that, although the two databases were correlated, the potential exists for substantial site-specific variability between them. The...
Preface: Proceedings of the seventh international symposium on the biology and management of corigonid fishes
Thomas Todd, Guy Fleischer
2002, Book chapter, Biology and management of corigonid fishes
This volume is the proceedings of the Seventh International Symposium on the Biology and Management of Coregonid Fishes (ISBMCF). As in all six preceding symposia, the seventh meeting of the ISBMCF provided an international forum for the scientific review and discussion of the various taxonomic, biological, ecological, and management issues...
Allocation of extracellular enzymatic activity in relation to litter composition, N deposition, and mass loss
R. L. Sinsabaugh, M.M. Carreiro, D.A. Repert
2002, Biogeochemistry (60) 1-24
Decomposition of plant material is a complex process that requires interaction among a diversity of microorganisms whose presence and activity is subject to regulation by a wide range of environmental factors. Analysis of extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) provides a way to relate the functional organization of microdecomposer communities to environmental...
Operating the EOSDIS at the land processes DAAC managing expectations, requirements, and performance across agencies, missions, instruments, systems, and user communities
T. A. Kalvelage
Barnes W.L., editor(s)
2002, Conference Paper
NASA developed the Earth Observing System (EOS) during the 1990'S. At the Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center (LP DAAC), located at the USGS EROS Data Center, the EOS Data and Information System (EOSDIS) is required to support heritage missions as well as Landsat 7, Terra, and Aqua. The original...
Impacts of aquatic nonindigenous invasive species on the Lake Erie ecosystem
Madeline J.W. Austen, Jan J.H. Ciborowski, Lynda D. Corkum, Tim B. Johnson, Hugh J. MacIsaac, Janice L. Metcalfe-Smith, Donald W. Schloesser, Sandra E. George
2002, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Aquatic Invasive Species
Lake Erie is particularly vulnerable to the introduction and establishment of aquatic nonindigenous invasive species (NIS) populations. A minimum of 144 aquatic NIS have been recorded in the Lake Erie basin including several species [e.g., Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum); zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha); quagga mussel (Dreissena bugensis); an amphipod (Echinogammarus...
Binding of mercury(II) to dissolved organic matter: The role of the mercury-to-DOM concentration ratio
M. Haitzer, G. R. Aiken, J. N. Ryan
2002, Environmental Science & Technology (36) 3564-3570
The binding of Hg(II) to dissolved organic matter (DOM; hydrophobic acids isolated from the Florida Everglades by XAD-8 resin) was measured at a wide range of Hg-to-DOM concentration ratios using an equilibrium dialysis ligand exchange method. Conditional distribution coefficients (KDOM‘) determined...
Sun photometer and lidar measurements of the plume from the Hawaii Kilauea Volcano Pu'u O'o vent: Aerosol flux and SO2 lifetime
J.N. Porter, K.A. Horton, P. J. Mouginis-Mark, B. Lienert, S.K. Sharma, E. Lau, T. Elias, A. J. Sutton, C. Oppenheimer
2002, Geophysical Research Letters (29) 30-1-30-4
Aerosol optical depths and lidar measurements were obtained under the plume of Hawaii Kilauea Volcano on August 17, 2001, ∼9 km downwind from the erupting Pu'u O'o vent. Measured aerosol optical depths (at 500 nm) were between 0.2–0.4. Aerosol size distributions inverted from the spectral sun photometer measurements suggest the...
In‐stream sorption of fulvic acid in an acidic stream: A stream‐scale transport experiment
Diane M. McKnight, George M. Hornberger, Kenneth E. Bencala, Elizabeth W. Boyer
2002, Water Resources Research (38) 6-1-6-12
The variation of concentration and composition of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in stream waters cannot be explained solely on the basis of soil processes in contributing subcatchments. To investigate in‐stream processes that control DOC, we injected DOC‐enriched water into a reach of the Snake River (Summit County, Colorado) that has...
Evaluation of a Mysis bioenergetics model
Steven R. Chipps, David H. Bennett
2002, Journal of Plankton Research (24) 77-82
Direct approaches for estimating the feeding rate of the opossum shrimp Mysis relicta can be hampered by variable gut residence time (evacuation rate models) and non-linear functional responses (clearance rate models). Bioenergetics modeling provides an alternative method, but the reliability of this approach needs to be evaluated using independent measures...
Baseline assessment of instream and riparian-zone biological resources on the Rio Grande in and near Big Bend National Park, Texas
James Bruce Moring
2002, Water-Resources Investigations Report 2002-4106
Five study sites, and a sampling reach within each site, were established on the Rio Grande in and near Big Bend National Park in 1999 to provide the National Park Service with data and information on the status of stream habitat, fish communities, and benthic macroinvertebrates. Differences in stream-habitat conditions...
Resident fish assemblages in shallow shorelines of a Columbia River impoundment
C.A. Barfoot, D.M. Gadomski, J.H. Petersen
2002, Northwest Science (76) 103-117
During May-September 1995, we replicated an earlier (1984-85) study of fishes in shoreline habitats of the John Day Reservoir, Columbia River, to investigate fish assemblage structure at several spatial and temporal scales. A total of 37,400 resident fishes representing 24 taxa was collected in 359 beach seine hauls. Fish catch...
Adaptive moving mesh methods for simulating one-dimensional groundwater problems with sharp moving fronts
W. Huang, Lingyun Zheng, X. Zhan
2002, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering (54) 1579-1603
Accurate modelling of groundwater flow and transport with sharp moving fronts often involves high computational cost, when a fixed/uniform mesh is used. In this paper, we investigate the modelling of groundwater problems using a particular adaptive mesh method called the moving mesh partial differential equation approach. With this approach, the...
Distribution and movement of shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum) in the Chesapeake Bay
S.A. Welsh, M.F. Mangold, J.E. Skjeveland, A.J. Spells
2002, Estuaries (25) 101-104
During a reward program for Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus), 40 federally endangered shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum) were captured and reported by commercial fishers between January 1996 and January 2000 from the Chesapeake Bay. Since this is more than double the number of published records of shortnose sturgeon in the Chesapeake...
Recharge and groundwater models: An overview
W. Sanford
2002, Hydrogeology Journal (10) 110-120
Recharge is a fundamental component of groundwater systems, and in groundwater-modeling exercises recharge is either measured and specified or estimated during model calibration. The most appropriate way to represent recharge in a groundwater model depends upon both physical factors and study objectives. Where the water table is close to the...
Spatial variability in water-balance model performance in the conterminous United States
Lauren E. Hay, Gregory J. McCabe
2002, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (38) 847-860
A monthly water-balance (WB) model was tested in 44 river basins from diverse physiographic and climatic regions across the conterminous United States (U.S.). The WB model includes the concepts of climatic water supply and climatic water demand, seasonality in climatic water supply and demand, and soil-moisture storage. Exhaustive search techniques...
Topography and geologic characteristics of aeolian grooves in the south polar layered deposits of Mars
N.T. Bridges, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff
2002, Icarus (156) 387-398
The topographic and geologic characteristics of grooves and groove-like features in the south polar layered deposits near the Mars Polar Lander/Deep Space 2 landing sites are evaluated using Mariner 9 images and their derived photoclinometry, normalized using Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter data. Although both Mariner 9 and Viking images of...
Calibration and temperature correction of heat dissipation matric potential sensors
A. L. Flint, G. S. Campbell, K. M. Ellett, C. Calissendorff
2002, Soil Science Society of America Journal (66) 1439-1445
This paper describes how heat dissipation sensors, used to measure soil water matric potential, were analyzed to develop a normalized calibration equation and a temperature correction method. Inference of soil matric potential depends on a correlation between the variable thermal conductance of the sensor's porous ceramic and matric potential. Although...
Denitrification in the recharge area and discharge area of a transient agricultural nitrate plume in a glacial outwash sand aquifer, Minnesota
J.K. Böhlke, R. Wanty, M. Tuttle, G. Delin, Matthew K. Landon
2002, Water Resources Research (38) 10-1-10-26
Recharge rates of nitrate (NO3−) to groundwater beneath agricultural land commonly are greater than discharge rates of NO3− in nearby streams, but local controls of NO3−distribution in the subsurface generally are poorly known. Groundwater dating (CFC, 3H) was combined with chemical (ions and gases) and stable isotope (N, S, and C) analyses...
