Impact of climate and parent material on chemical weathering in Loess-derived soils of the Mississippi River valley
D.R. Muhs, E. Arthur Bettis III, J. Been, J. P. McGeehin
2001, Soil Science Society of America Journal (65) 1761-1777
Peoria Loess-derived soils on uplands east of the Mississippi River valley were studied from Louisiana to Iowa, along a south-to-north gradient of decreasing precipitation and temperature. Major element analyses of deep loess in Mississippi and Illinois show that the composition of the parent material is similar in the northern and...
Comments on "Failures in detecting volcanic ash from a satellite-based technique"
F. Prata, G. Bluth, B. Rose, D. Schneider, A. Tupper
2001, Remote Sensing of Environment (78) 341-346
The recent paper by Simpson et al. [Remote Sens. Environ. 72 (2000) 191.] on failures to detect volcanic ash using the 'reverse' absorption technique provides a timely reminder of the danger that volcanic ash presents to aviation and the urgent need for some form of effective remote detection. The paper...
Online bibliographic sources in hydrology
Emily C. Wild, W. Michael Havener
2001, Science and Technology Libraries (21) 63-86
Traditional commercial bibliographic databases and indexes provide some access to hydrology materials produced by the government; however, these sources do not provide comprehensive coverage of relevant hydrologic publications. This paper discusses bibliographic information available from the federal government and state geological surveys, water resources agencies, and depositories. In addition to...
Soil efflux and total emission rates of magmatic CO2 at the horseshoe lake tree kill, mammoth mountain, California, 1995-1999
T.M. Gerlach, M.P. Doukas, K.A. McGee, R. Kessler
2001, Chemical Geology (177) 101-116
We report the results of eight soil CO2 efflux surveys by the closed circulation chamber method at the Horseshoe Lake tree kill (HLTK) - the largest tree kill on Mammoth Mountain. The surveys were undertaken from 1995 to 1999 to constrain total HLTK CO2 emissions and to evaluate occasional efflux...
Rheology of ice I at low stress and elevated confining pressure
W.B. Durham, L.A. Stern, S. H. Kirby
2001, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (106) 11031-11042
Triaxial compression testing of pure, polycrystalline water ice I at conditions relevant to planetary interiors and near-surface environments (differential stresses 0.45 to 10 MPa, temperatures 200 to 250 K, confining pressure 50 MPa) reveals that a complex variety of rheologies and grain structures may exist for ice and that rheology...
Confidence intervals for expected moments algorithm flood quantile estimates
Timothy A. Cohn, William L. Lane, Jery R. Stedinger
2001, Water Resources Research (37) 1695-1706
Historical and paleoflood information can substantially improve flood frequency estimates if appropriate statistical procedures are properly applied. However, the Federal guidelines for flood frequency analysis, set forth in Bulletin 17B, rely on an inefficient “weighting” procedure that fails to take advantage of historical and paleoflood information. This has led researchers...
Potential artifacts in interpretation of differential breakthrough of colloids and dissolved tracers in the context of transport in a zero-valent iron permeable reactive barrier
P. Zhang, W.P. Johnson, M.J. Piana, C. C. Fuller, D. L. Naftz
2001, Ground Water (39) 831-840
Many published studies have used visual comparison of the timing of peak breakthrough of colloids versus conservative dissolved tracers (hereafter referred to as dissolved tracers or tracers) in subsurface media to determine whether they are advected differently, and to elucidate the mechanisms of differential advection. This purely visual approach of...
A simple algorithm for sequentially incorporating gravity observations in seismic traveltime tomography
T. Parsons, R.J. Blakely, T.M. Brocher
2001, International Geology Review (43) 1073-1086
The geologic structure of the Earth's upper crust can be revealed by modeling variation in seismic arrival times and in potential field measurements. We demonstrate a simple method for sequentially satisfying seismic traveltime and observed gravity residuals in an iterative 3-D inversion. The algorithm is portable to any seismic analysis...
Uncertainty in coal property valuation in West Virginia: A case study
M.E. Hohn, R.R. McDowell
2001, Mathematical Geology (33) 191-216
Interpolated grids of coal bed thickness are being considered for use in a proposed method for taxation of coal in the state of West Virginia (United States). To assess the origin and magnitude of possible inaccuracies in calculated coal tonnage, we used conditional simulation to generate equiprobable realizations of net...
Strong motion instrumentation of an RC building structure
H.-J. Li, M. Çelebi
2001, Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration (21) 35-39
The strong-motion instrumentation scheme of a reinforced concrete building observed by California Strong-Motion Instrumentation Program (CSMIP) is introduced in this paper. The instrumented building is also described and the recorded responses during 1994 Northridge earthquake are provided....
Effect of depth-dependent shear modulus on tsunami generation along subduction zones
E.L. Geist, S.L. Bilek
2001, Geophysical Research Letters (28) 1315-1318
Estimates of the initial size of tsunamis generated by subduction zone earthquakes are significantly affected by the choice of shear modulus at shallow depths. Analysis of over 360 circum-Pacific subduction zone earthquakes indicates that for a given seismic moment, source duration increases significantly with decreasing depth (Bilek and Lay, 1998;...
U.S. Geological Survey programs and investigations related to soil and water conservation
W. R. Osterkamp, J. R. Gray
2001, International Journal of Sediment Research (16) 421-429
The U.S. Geological Survey has a rich tradition of collecting hydrologic data, especially for fluxes of water and suspended sediment, that provide a foundation for studies of soil and water conservation. Applied and basic research has included investigations of the effects of land use on rangelands, croplands, and forests; hazards...
Contribution of base flow to nonpoint source pollution loads in an agricultural watershed
K. E. Schilling, C.F. Wolter
2001, Ground Water (39) 49-58
Nonpoint source pollution of surface water from overland flow, drainage tiles, and ground water discharge is a major cause of water quality impairment in Iowa. Nonpoint source pollution from base flow ground water was estimated in the Walnut Creek watershed by measuring chemical loads of atrazine, nitrate, chloride, and sulfate...
Anomalous preservation of pure methane hydrate at 1 atm
L.A. Stern, S. Circone, S. H. Kirby, W.B. Durham
2001, Journal of Physical Chemistry B (105) 1756-1762
Direct measurement of decomposition rates of pure, polycrystalline methane hydrate reveals a thermal regime where methane hydrate metastably `preserves' in bulk by as much as 75 K above its nominal equilibrium temperature (193 K at 1 atm). Rapid release of the sample pore pressure at isothermal conditions between 242 and...
The use of outdoor freshwater pond microcosms. III. Responses of phytoplankton and periphyton to pyridaben
R. M. Ross, W. F. Krise, Lori A. Redell, R. M. Bennett
2001, Environmental Toxicology (16) 96-103
An outdoor freshwater microcosm study was conducted in which pyridaben, an insecticide-miticide, was directly applied to water to determine its biological effects on phytoplankton and periphyton. Twenty-four microcosms (24 m3 each) were monitored for 11 months, then four treatments of pyridaben were applied two times at three concentrations (0.34, 34.0...
Genetic variation in insecticide tolerance in a population of southern leopard frogs (Rana sphenocephala): Implications for amphibian conservation
C.M. Bridges, R. D. Semlitsch
2001, Copeia (1) 7-13
Currently, conservation efforts are devoted to determining the extent and the causes of the decline of many amphibian species worldwide. Human impacts frequently degrade amphibian habitat and have been implicated in many declines. Because genetic variance is critical in determining the persistence of a species in a changing environment, we...
Developing a geomorphic approach for ranking watersheds for rehabilitation, Zuni Indian Reservation, New Mexico
A. C. Gellis, A. Cheama, S.M. Lalio
2001, Geomorphology (37) 105-134
As a result of past erosion problems on the Zuni Indian Reservation in western New Mexico, the US Congress in 1990 authorized the Zuni Tribe to begin a program for watershed rehabilitation. This paper describes an approach to rank the most appropriate watersheds for rehabilitation for the Zuni Reservation. The...
Viagra falls: Pharmaceuticals in rivers and municipal tap water
B. Masters
2001, Water Well Journal (55) 16-18
[No abstract available]...
Late Cenozoic regional collapse due to evaporite flow and Dissolution in the Carbondale Collapse Center, West-Central Colorado
R. M. Kirkham, R. K. Streufert, J. R. Budahn, Michael J. Kunk, W. J. Perry
2001, Mountain Geologist (38) 193-210
Dissolution and flow of Pennsylvanian evaporitic rocks in west-central Colorado created the Carbondale Collapse Center, a 450 mi2 structural depression with about 4,000 ft of vertical collapse during the late Cenozoic. This paper describes evidence of collapse in the lower Roaring Fork River valley. Both the lateral extent and amount...
Effects of thermal regime on ovarian maturation and plasma sex steroids in farmed white sturgeon, Acipenser transmontanus
M.A.H. Webb, J. P. Van Eenennaam, G.W. Feist, J. Linares-Casenave, M.S. Fitzpatrick, C.B. Schreck, S.I. Doroshov
2001, Aquaculture (201) 137-151
Recently, commercial aquaculture farms in Northern California have exposed gravid, cultured white sturgeon females to cold water (12 ?? 1??C) throughout the late phase of vitellogenesis and ovarian follicle maturation resulting in improved ovulation rates and egg quality. However, the optimum timing for transfer of broodfish to the cold water...
Comparison of blood chemistry values for samples collected from juvenile chinook salmon by three methods
J.L. Congleton, W.J. LaVoie
2001, Journal of Aquatic Animal Health (13) 168-172
Thirteen blood chemistry indices were compared for samples collected by three commonly used methods: caudal transection, heart puncture, and caudal vessel puncture. Apparent biases in blood chemistry values for samples obtained by caudal transection were consistent with dilution with tissue fluids: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),...
Changing abundance of Hexagenia mayfly nymphs in western Lake Erie of the Laurentian Great Lakes: Impediments to assessment of lake recovery?
D. W. Schloesser, T.F. Nalepa
2001, International Review of Hydrobiology (86) 87-103
After an absence of 40 years, mayfly nymphs of the genus Hexagenia were found in sediments of western Lake Erie of the Laurentian Great Lakes in 1993 and, by 1997, were abundant enough to meet a mayfly-density management goal (ca. 350 nymphs m—2) based on pollution-abatement programs. We sampled nymphs in western...
Transient storage assessments of dye-tracer injections in rivers of the Willamette Basin, Oregon
A. Laenen, K.E. Bencala
2001, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (37) 367-377
Rhodamine WT dye-tracer injections in rivers of the Willamette Basin yield concentration-time curves with characteristically long recession times suggestive of active transient storage processes. The scale of drainage areas contributing to the stream reaches studied in the Willamette Basin ranges from 10 to 12,000 km2. A transient storage assessment of...
Remote sensing education and Internet/World Wide Web technology
J. A. Griffith, S.L. Egbert
2001, Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing (27) 159-168
Remote sensing education is increasingly in demand across academic and professional disciplines. Meanwhile, Internet technology and the World Wide Web (WWW) are being more frequently employed as teaching tools in remote sensing and other disciplines. The current wealth of information on the Internet and World Wide Web must be distilled,...
Early life history of the northern pikeminnow in the lower Columbia River basin
D.M. Gadomski, C.A. Barfoot, J.M. Bayer, T.P. Poe
2001, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (130) 250-262
The northern pikeminnow Ptychocheilus oregonensis is a large, native cyprinid in the Columbia River basin that has persisted in spite of substantial habitat alterations. During the months of June to September 1993-1996, we investigated the temporal and spatial patterns of northern pikeminnow spawning, along with describing larval drift and characterizing...
