Monthly fractional green vegetation cover associated with land cover classes of the conterminous USA
Kevin P. Gallo, Dan Tarpley, Ken Mitchell, Ivan Csiszar, Tobias Owen, Bradley C. Reed
2001, Geophysical Research Letters (28) 2089-2092
The land cover classes developed under the coordination of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme Data and Information System (IGBP-DIS) have been analyzed for a study area that includes the Conterminous United States and portions of Mexico and Canada. The 1-km resolution data have been analyzed to produce a gridded data set...
[Book review] A Review and Synthesis of Effects of Alterations to the Water Temperature Regime on Freshwater Life Stages of Salmonids, with Special Reference to Chinook Salmon, by D.A. McCullough
J.M. Bartholow
2001, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (130) 350-350
Review of: A Review and Synthesis of Effects of Alterations to the Water Temperature Regime on Freshwater Life Stages of Salmonids, with Special Reference to Chinook Salmon. By Dale A. McCullough. Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission. 22 February 1999. REPORT #: EPA 910-R-99-010....
Corticosterone facilitates begging and affects resource allocation in the black-legged kittiwake
Alexander S Kitaysky, John C. Wingfield, John F. Piatt
2001, Behavioral Ecology (12) 619-625
Parent black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) and their dependent chicks respond to food shortages by increasing circulating levels of corticosterone. To examine the behavioral significance of corticosterone release, we experimentally increased levels of circulating corticosterone in parents and chicks up to the levels observed during food shortages. We found that corticosterone-implanted...
Physical processes dominate in shaping invertebrate assemblages in reef-associated sediments of an exposed Hawaiian coast
R.C. DeFelice, J.D. Parrish
2001, Marine Ecology Progress Series (215) 121-131
The invertebrate assemblages in sediments bordering exposed fringing reefs at Hanalei Bay, Kauai, Hawaii, were examined during July to September 1994. Densities of invertebrate animals larger than 0.5 mm in sediments of the bay ranged from counts of 10260 m-2 in the fine carbonate sands of the central bay to 870...
The southern Appalachians : a changing world
Anne Tubiolo, Sandra Clark, Sandra Teacher’s Guide by Clark, Elizabeth Romanaux, Dona Brizzi, Jennifer Thomlin
2001, Report
Water Resources Data, Alaska, Water Year 2000
D. F. Meyer, D.L. Hess, M.F. Schellekens, C. W. Smith, E.F. Snyder, G. L. Solin
2001, Water Data Report AK-00-1
Water-resources data for the 2000 water year for Alaska consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stages of lakes; and water levels and water quality of ground-water wells. This volume contains records for water discharge at 106 gaging stations; stage or contents only at 4 gaging...
Thermal thickness and evolution of Precambrian lithosphere: A global study
I.M. Artemieva, Walter D. Mooney
2001, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (106) 16387-16414
The thermal thickness of Precambrian lithosphere is modeled and compared with estimates from seismic tomography and xenolith data. We use the steady state thermal conductivity equation with the same geothermal constraints for all of the Precambrian cratons (except Antarctica) to calculate the temperature distribution in the stable...
A multivariate analysis of biophysical parameters of tallgrass prairie among land management practices and years
J. A. Griffith, K. P. Price, E. A. Martinko
2001, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (68) 249-271
Six treatments of eastern Kansas tallgrass prairie - native prairie, hayed, mowed, grazed, burned and untreated - were studied to examine the biophysical effects of land management practices on grasslands. On each treatment, measurements of plant biomass, leaf area index, plant cover, leaf moisture and soil moisture were collected. In...
Neckband retention for lesser snow geese in the western Arctic
M.D. Samuel, Diana R. Goldberg, A. E. Smith, W. Baranyuk, E.G. Cooch
2001, Journal of Wildlife Management (65) 797-807
Neckbands are commonly used in waterfowl studies (especially geese) to identify individuals for determination of movement and behavior and to estimate population parameters. Substantial neckband loss can adversely affect these research objectives and produce biased survival estimates. We used capture, recovery, and observation histories for lesser snow geese (Chen caerulescens...
Assessing large-scale surveyor variability in the historic forest data of the original U.S. Public Land Survey
K.L. Manies, D.J. Mladenoff, E.V. Nordheim
2001, Canadian Journal of Forest Research (31) 1719-1730
The U.S. General Land Office Public Land Survey (PLS) records are a valuable resource for studying pre-European settlement vegetation. However, these data were taken for legal, not ecological, purposes. In turn, the instructions the surveyors followed affected the data collected. For this reason, it has been suggested that the PLS...
Dieback and episodic mortality of Cercidium microphyllum (foothill paloverde), a dominant Sonoran Desert tree
Janice E. Bowers, R. M. Turner
2001, Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society (128) 128-140
Past and current dieback of Cercidium microphyllum, a dominant, drought-deciduous tree in the Sonoran Desert, was investigated at Tumamoc Hill, Tucson, Arizona, USA. Logistic regression predicted that the odds of a Cercidium plant being alive should decrease with increasing circumference, association with the columnar cactus Carnegiea gigantea, and occurrence on...
Determination of element affinities by density fractionation of bulk coal samples
X. Querol, Z. Klika, Z. Weiss, R. B. Finkelman, A. Alastuey, R. Juan, A. Lopez-Soler, F. Plana, A. Kolker, S.R.N. Chenery
2001, Fuel (80) 83-96
A review has been made of the various methods of determining major and trace element affinities for different phases, both mineral and organic in coals, citing their various strengths and weaknesses. These include mathematical deconvolution of chemical analyses, direct microanalysis, sequential extraction procedures and density fractionation. A new methodology combining...
Soil biota in an ungrazed grassland: Response to annual grass (Bromus tectorum) invasion
Jayne Belnap, Susan L. Phillips
2001, Ecological Applications (11) 1261-1275
Bromus tectorum is an exotic annual grass that currently dominates many western U.S. semi-arid ecosystems, and the effects of this grass on ecosystems in general, and soil biota specifically, are unknown. Bromus recently invaded two ungrazed and unburned perennial bunchgrass communities in southeastern Utah. This study compared the soil food-web...
Origin of late Quaternary dune fields on the Southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico
D.R. Muhs, V.T. Holliday
2001, Geological Society of America Bulletin (113) 75-87
Mostly stabilized late Holocene eolian sands on the Southern High Plains of the United States were studied to determine their origins and to assess whether present dune stability depends more strongly on sediment supply, sediment availability, or transport limitations. Geomorphic, sedimentological, and geochemical trends indicate that late Holocene dunes formed...
The Middle Jurassic Entrada Sandstone near Gallup, New Mexico
J. F. Robertson, R. B. O'Sullivan
2001, Mountain Geologist (38) 53-69
Near Gallup, New Mexico, the Middle Jurassic Entrada Sandstone consists of, in ascending order, the Iyanbito Member, the Rehoboth Member, and an upper sandstone member. The Rehoboth Member is named herein to replace the middle siltstone member, with a type section located 26 km east of Gallup. The Iyanbito Member...
National Wildlife Health Center's Quarterly Mortality Report
A. Schrader, K. Converse, Kimberli J.G. Miller, G. McLaughlin, Rex Sohn
2001, Supplement to the Journal of Wildlife Diseases (37)
Aeolian dust in Colorado Plateau soils: Nutrient inputs and recent change in source
Richard L. Reynolds, Jayne Belnap, Paul Lamothe, Fred Luiszer
2001, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (98) 7123-7127
Aeolian dust (windblown silt and clay) is an important component in arid-land ecosystems because it may contribute to soil formation and furnish essential nutrients. Few geologic surfaces, however, have been characterized with respect to dust-accumulation history and resultant nutrient enrichment. We have developed a combination of...
Spatial extent of a hydrothermal system at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, determined from array analyses of shallow long-period seismicity 2. Results
J. Almendros, B. Chouet, P. Dawson
2001, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (106) 13581-13597
Array data from a seismic experiment carried out at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, in February 1997, are analyzed by the frequency-slowness method. The slowness vectors are determined at each of three small-aperture seismic antennas for the first arrivals of 1129 long-period (LP) events and 147 samples of volcanic tremor. The source...
Adiabatic temperature changes of magma-gas mixtures during ascent and eruption
L.G. Mastin, M.S. Ghiorso
2001, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (141) 307-321
Most quantitative studies of flow dynamics in eruptive conduits during volcanic eruptions use a simplified energy equation that ignores either temperature changes, or the thermal effects of gas exsolution. In this paper we assess the effects of those simplifications by analyzing the influence of equilibrium gas exsolution and expansion on...
Cloud characterization and clear-sky correction from Landsat-7
Robert F. Cahalan, L. Oreopoulos, G. Wen, S. Marshak, S. #NAME? Tsay, Tom DeFelice
2001, Remote Sensing of Environment (78) 83-98
Landsat, with its wide swath and high resolution, fills an important mesoscale gap between atmospheric variations seen on a few kilometer scale by local surface instrumentation and the global view of coarser resolution satellites such as MODIS. In this important scale range, Landsat reveals radiative effects on the few hundred-meter...
Green fluorescent protein is lighting up fungal biology
J.M. Lorang, R.P Tuori, J.P Martinez, T. L. Sawyer, R. S. Redman, J. A. Rollins, T.J. Wolpert, K.B. Johnson, R. J. Rodriguez, M. B. Dickman, L.M. Ciuffetti
2001, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (67) 1987-1994
Prasher (42) cloned a cDNA for the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene from the jellyfishAequorea victoria in 1992. Shortly thereafter, to the amazement of many investigators, this gene or derivatives thereof were successfully expressed and conferred fluorescence to bacteria andCaenorhabditis elegans cells in culture (10,<a...
Toward assessing the effects of bank stabilization activities on wildlife communities of the upper Yellowstone River, U.S.A
Susan K. Skagen, Erin Muths, Rod D. Adams
2001, Open-File Report 2001-58
The upper Yellowstone River has been subject to multiple bank stabilization projects between Gardiner and Springdale, Montana, over the last 20 years. Additional channel modification activities are likely on the Yellowstone, and there is concern over the short- and long-term cumulative effects of channel modification activities on physical processes and...
A suggestion for fitting ground-motion attenuation near an extended earthquake source
D.J. Andrews
2001, Seismological Research Letters (72) 454-461
No abstract available....
Survival of the North American strain of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) in filtered seawater and seawater containing ovarian fluid, crude oil and serum-enriched culture medium
R. M. Kocan, P.K. Hershberger, N.E. Elder
2001, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms (44) 75-78
The North American strain of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (NA-VHSV) could be recovered for up to 40 h in natural filtered seawater (27 ppt) with a 50% loss of infectivity after approximately 10 h at 15°C. Addition of 10 ppb North Slope crude oil to the seawater had no effect...
Management of Pacific herring closed pound spawn-on-kelp fisheries to optimize fish health and product quality
P.K. Hershberger, N.E. Elder, G.D. Marty, J. Johnson, R. M. Kocan
2001, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (21) 976-981
Use of high densities of newly recruited Pacific herring Clupea pallasi for the closed-pound spawn-on-kelp (PPSOK) fishery in Prince William Sound, Alaska, was associated with increased gamete retention, decreased product quality, and increased prevalence of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) relative to the confinement of older cohorts at lower densities. To maximize...
