Pesticides in the Nation's Streams and Ground Water, 1992–2001
Robert J. Gilliom, Jack E. Barbash, Charles G. Crawford, Pixie A. Hamilton, Jeffrey D. Martin, Naomi Nakagaki, Lisa H. Nowell, Jonathan C. Scott, Paul E. Stackelberg, Gail P. Thelin, David M. Wolock
2006, Circular 1291
This report is one of a series of publications, The Quality of Our Nation's Waters, that describe major findings of the NAWQA Program on water-quality issues of regional and national concern. This report presents evaluations of pesticides in streams and ground water based on findings for the first decadal cycle...
Factors associated with sources, transport, and fate of volatile organic compounds in aquifers of the United States and implications for ground-water management and assessments
Paul J. Squillace, Michael J. Moran
2006, Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5269
Firm size diversity, functional richness, and resilience
A.S. Garmestani, Craig R. Allen, J.D. Mittelstaedt, C.A. Stow, W.A. Ward
2006, Environment and Development Economics (11) 533-551
This paper applies recent advances in ecology to our understanding of firm development, sustainability, and economic development. The ecological literature indicates that the greater the functional richness of species in a system, the greater its resilience - that is, its ability to persist in the face of substantial changes in...
Petrography and geochemistry of the Middle Devonian coal from Luquan, Yunnan Province, China
S. Dai, D. Han, C. L. Chou
2006, Fuel (85) 456-464
Coals from Luquan, Yunnan Province, China, have high contents of cutinite and microsporinite, with an average of 55 and 33.5 vol%, respectively, (on a mineral-free basis). The coals are classified as cutinitic liptobiolith, sporinite-rich durain, cutinite-rich durain, and sporinitic liptobiolith. These four liptinite-rich coals are often interlayered within the coal...
Mercury content and petrographic composition in Pennsylvanian coal beds of Indiana, USA
Maria Mastalerz, A. Drobniak, G. Filippelli
2006, International Journal of Coal Geology (68) 2-13
A suite of high volatile bituminous coals of Pennsylvanian age from Indiana has been studied for their mercury (Hg) concentration and relationship between mercury content and maceral and lithotype composition. The coals ranged in Hg content from 0.02 in the Danville Coal Member to 0.31 ppm in the Upper Block...
The heartbeat of the volcano: The discovery of episodic activity at Prometheus on Io
Ashley G. Davies, Lionel Wilson, Dennis Matson, Giovanni Leone, Laszlo P. Keszthelyi, Windy L. Jaeger
2006, Icarus (184) 460-477
The temporal signature of thermal emission from a volcano is a valuable clue to the processes taking place both at and beneath the surface. The Galileo Near Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) observed the volcano Prometheus, on the jovian moon Io, on multiple occasions between 1996 and 2002. The 5 micron (μm) brightness of this volcano shows...
Speciation of volatile arsenic at geothermal features in Yellowstone National Park
B. Planer-Friedrich, C. Lehr, J. Matschullat, B.J. Merkel, D. Kirk Nordstrom, Mark W. Sandstrom
2006, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (70) 2480-2491
Geothermal features in the Yellowstone National Park contain up to several milligram per liter of aqueous arsenic. Part of this arsenic is volatilized and released into the atmosphere. Total volatile arsenic concentrations of 0.5–200 mg/m3 at the surface of the hot springs were found to...
North Kona slump: Submarine flank failure during the early(?) tholeiitic shield stage of Hualalai Volcano
P. W. Lipman, M.L. Coombs
2006, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (151) 189-216
The North Kona slump is an elliptical region, about 20 by 60 km (1000-km2 area), of multiple, geometrically intricate benches and scarps, mostly at water depths of 2000–4500 m, on the west flank of Hualalai Volcano. Two dives up steep scarps in the slump area were made in September 2001,...
Occurrence and fate of organic contaminants during onsite wastewater treatment
K.E. Conn, L. B. Barber, G.K. Brown, R.L. Siegrist
2006, Environmental Science & Technology (40) 7358-7366
Onsite wastewater treatment systems serve approximately 25% of the U.S. population. However, little is known regarding the occurrence and fate of organic wastewater contaminants (OWCs), including endocrine disrupting compounds, during onsite treatment. A range of OWCs including surfactant metabolites, steroids, stimulants, metal-chelating agents, disinfectants, antimicrobial agents, and...
Geochemical investigation of the potential for mobilizing non-methane hydrocarbons during carbon dioxide storage in deep coal beds
J.J. Kolak, R.C. Burruss
2006, Energy and Fuels (20) 566-574
Coal samples of different rank (lignite to anthracite) were extracted in the laboratory with supercritical CO2 (40 ??C; 10 MPa) to evaluate the potential for mobilizing non-methane hydrocarbons during CO2 storage (sequestration) or enhanced coal bed methane recovery from deep (???1-km depth) coal beds. The total measured alkane concentrations mobilized...
Mass balance assessment for mercury in Lake Champlain
N. Gao, N.G. Armatas, J. B. Shanley, N.C. Kamman, E. K. Miller, G.J. Keeler, T. Scherbatskoy, T.M. Holsen, T. Young, L. McIlroy, S. Drake, Bill Olsen, C. Cady
2006, Environmental Science & Technology (40) 82-89
A mass balance model for mercury in Lake Champlain was developed in an effort to understand the sources, inventories, concentrations, and effects of mercury (Hg) contamination in the lake ecosystem. To construct the mass balance model, air, water, and sediment were sampled as a part of this project and other...
Characterization and petrologic interpretation of olivine-rich basalts at Gusev Crater, Mars
H.Y. McSween, M.B. Wyatt, Ralf Gellert, J.F. Bell, R.V. Morris, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, L.S. Crumpler, K.A. Milam, K.R. Stockstill, L.L. Tornabene, R. E. Arvidson, P. Bartlett, D. Blaney, N.A. Cabrol, P. R. Christensen, B.C. Clark, J.A. Crisp, D.J. Des Marais, T. Economou, J.D. Farmer, W. Farrand, A. Ghosh, M. Golombek, S. Gorevan, R. Greeley, V.E. Hamilton, J. R. Johnson, B.L. Joliff, G. Klingelhofer, A.T. Knudson, S. McLennan, D. Ming, J.E. Moersch, R. Rieder, S. W. Ruff, C. Schroder, P.A. de Souza, S. W. Squyres, H. Wanke, A. Wang, A. Yen, J. Zipfel
2006, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (111)
Rocks on the floor of Gusev crater are basalts of uniform composition and mineralogy. Olivine, the only mineral to have been identified or inferred from data by all instruments on the Spirit rover, is especially abundant in these rocks. These picritic basalts are similar in many respects to certain Martian...
Effect of thermal maturation on the K-Ar, Rb-Sr and REE systematics of an organic-rich New Albany Shale as determined by hydrous pyrolysis
Norbert Clauer, Sambhudas Chaudhuri, M. D. Lewan, T. Toulkeridis
2006, Chemical Geology (234) 169-177
Hydrous-pyrolysis experiments were conducted on an organic-rich Devonian-Mississippian shale, which was also leached by dilute HCl before and after pyrolysis, to identify and quantify the induced chemical and isotopic changes in the rock. The experiments significantly affect the organic-mineral organization, which plays an important role in natural interactions during diagenetic...
Sampling strategies for volatile organic compounds at three karst springs in Tennessee
S.D. Williams, W.J. Wolfe, J.J. Farmer
2006, Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (26) 53-62
The influence of different sampling strategies on characterizing volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations and estimating VOC loads was evaluated at three karst springs in Tennessee. During a 6-month period, water samples for VOC analyses were collected weekly at all three springs and as frequently as every 20 min during storms...
Use of borehole radar tomography to monitor steam injection in fractured limestone
C. Gregoire, P. K. Joesten
2006, Near Surface Geophysics (4) 355-365
Borehole radar tomography was used as part of a pilot study to monitor steam‐enhanced remediation of a fractured limestone contaminated with volatile organic compounds at the former Loring Air Force Base, Maine, USA. Radar tomography data were collected using 100‐MHz electric‐dipole antennae before and during steam injection to evaluate whether...
Regional patterns in the isotopic composition of natural and anthropogenic nitrate in groundwater, High Plains, U.S.A.
P.B. McMahon, J.K. Böhlke
2006, Environmental Science & Technology (40) 2965-2970
Mobilization of natural nitrate (NO3-) deposits in the subsoil by irrigation water in arid and semiarid regions has the potential to produce large groundwater NO3- concentrations. The use of isotopes to distinguish between natural and anthropogenic NO3- sources in these settings could be complicated by the wide range in δ15N...
Petrology and chemistry of Permian coals from the Paraná Basin: 1. Santa Terezinha, Leão-Butiá and Candiota Coalfields, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
W. Kalkreuth, M. Holz, M. Kern, G. Machado, A. Mexias, M.B. Silva, J. Willett, R. Finkelman, H. Burger
2006, International Journal of Coal Geology (68) 79-116
The current paper presents results on petrological and geochemical coal seam characterization in Permian coal-bearing strata from the Paraná Basin, southern Brazil. Sequence stratigraphic analysis shows that peat accumulation in Permian time was closely linked to transgressive/regressive cycles, with peat accumulation occurring in a predominantly back barrier/lagoonal setting. Coal...
Headward growth of chasmata by volatile outbursts, collapse, and drainage: Evidence from ganges chaos, Mars
J.A.P. Rodriguez, J. Kargel, D.A. Crown, L. F. Bleamaster III, K. L. Tanaka, V. Baker, H. Miyamoto, J. M. Dohm, S. Sasaki, G. Komatsu
2006, Geophysical Research Letters (33)
The nature and significance of collapse processes in Capri, Eos, and Ganges Chasmata remain poorly understood. Using Ganges Chasma as a type locality, these chasmata are interpreted to be the result of clustering and assimilation of multiple chaotic terrains, which primarily formed by localized depressurization-induced or thermally-triggered dissociation of buried...
Nature and characteristics of the flows that carved the Simud and Tiu outflow channels, Mars
J.A.P. Rodriguez, K. L. Tanaka, H. Miyamoto, S. Sasaki
2006, Geophysical Research Letters (33)
Geomorphic and topographic relations of higher and lower levels of dissection within the Simud and Tiu Valles outflow channels on Mars reveal new insights into their formational histories. We find that the water floods that carved the higher channel floors were primarily sourced from Hydaspis Chaos. The floods apparently branched...
Recharge processes drive sulfate reduction in an alluvial aquifer contaminated with landfill leachate
M. A. Scholl, I.M. Cozzarelli, S. C. Christenson
2006, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (86) 239-261
Natural attenuation of contaminants in groundwater depends on an adequate supply of electron acceptors to stimulate biodegradation. In an alluvial aquifer contaminated with leachate from an unlined municipal landfill, the mechanism of recharge infiltration was investigated as a source of electron acceptors. Water samples were collected monthly at closely spaced intervals...
Atmospheric deposition of current-use and historic-use pesticides in snow at National Parks in the Western United States
K.J. Hageman, S.L. Simonich, K. Campbell, G.R. Wilson, D.H. Landers
2006, Environmental Science & Technology (40) 3174-3180
The United States (U.S.) National Park Service has initiated research on the atmospheric deposition and fate of semi-volatile organic compounds in its alpine, sub-Arctic, and Arctic ecosystems in the Western U.S. Results for the analysis of pesticides in seasonal snowpack samples collected in spring 2003 from seven national parks are...
Chesapeake Bay impact structure: Morphology, crater fill, and relevance for impact structures on Mars
J. Wright Horton Jr., J. Ormo, D.S. Powars, G. S. Gohn
2006, Meteoritics and Planetary Science (41) 1613-1624
The late Eocene Chesapeake Bay impact structure (CBIS) on the Atlantic margin of Virginia is one of the largest and best-preserved "wet-target" craters on Earth. It provides an accessible analog for studying impact processes in layered and wet targets on volatile-rich planets. The CBIS formed in a layered target of...
Petrography, palynology, and paleoecology of the Lower Pennsylvanian Bon Air coal, Franklin County, Cumberland Plateau, southeast Tennessee
S.A. Shaver, C.F. Eble, J.C. Hower, F.L. Saussy
2006, International Journal of Coal Geology (67) 17-46
Stratigraphy, palynology, petrography, and geochemistry of the Bon Air coal from the Armfield, Dotson, Rutledge, and Shakerag mine sites of Franklin County, Tennessee suggest that Bon Air seams at all sites were small (??? 1.0 mile, 1.6 km), spatially distinct paleomires that evolved from planar to domed within the fluviodeltaic...
Potential soil cleanup objectives for nitrogen-containing fertilizers at agrichemical facilities
William R. Roy, I.G. Krapac
2006, Soil and Sediment Contamination (15) 241-251
Accidental and incidental chemical releases of nitrogen-containing fertilizers occur at retail agrichemical facilities. Because contaminated soil may threaten groundwater quality, the facility may require some type of site remediation. The purpose of this study was to apply the concepts of the Soil Screening Levels of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency...
Growth history of Kilauea inferred from volatile concentrations in submarine-collected basalts
Michelle L. Coombs, Thomas W. Sisson, Peter W. Lipman
2006, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (151) 19-49
Major-element and volatile (H2O, CO2, S) compositions of glasses from the submarine flanks of Kilauea Volcano record its growth from pre-shield into tholeiite shield-stage. Pillow lavas of mildly alkalic basalt at 2600–1900 mbsl on the upper slope of the south flank are an intermediate link...
