Health status and relative exposure of mule deer and white-tailed deer to soil contaminants at the rocky mountain arsenal
Terry E. Creekmore, Don Whittaker, Richard R. Roy, J. Christian Franson, Dan L. Baker
1999, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (18) 272-278
We evaluated the health of 18 radio-collared deer [13 mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) and 5 white-tailed deer (O. virginianus)] from the Rocky Mountain Arsenal, near Denver, Colorado, USA, a Superfund site contaminated with a variety of materials, including organochlorine pesticides, metals, and nerve gas production by-products. Radio-collared deer were tracked...
Use of cosmogenic 35S for comparing ages of water from three alpine-subalpine basins in the Colorado Front Range
J.K. Sueker, J.T. Turk, R. L. Michel
1999, Geomorphology (27) 61-74
High-elevation basins in Colorado are a major source of water for the central and western United States; however, acidic deposition may affect the quality of this water. Water that is retained in a basin for a longer period of time may be less impacted by acidic deposition. Sulfur-35 (35S), a...
Paleoclimatic significance of δD and δ13C values in pinon pine needles from packrat middens spanning the last 40,000 years
Elise Pendall, Julio L. Betancourt, Steven W. Leavitt
1999, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (147) 53-72
We compared two approaches to interpreting δD of cellulose nitrate in piñon pine needles (Pinus edulis) preserved in packrat middens from central New Mexico, USA. One approach was based on linear regression between modern δD values and climate parameters, and the other on a deterministic isotope model, modified from Craig...
Natural regeneration and growth of Taxodium distichum (L.) rich. In Lake Chicot, Louisiana after 44 years of flooding
B. D. Keeland, W.H. Conner
1999, Wetlands (19) 149-155
Lake Chicot, in south central Louisiana, USA, was created in 1943 by the impoundment of Chicot Bayou. Extensive establishment of woody seedlings occurred in the lake during a 1.5 year period, including the growing seasons of both 1986 and 1987, when the reservoir was drained for repair work on the...
Stratigraphic framework and heavy minerals of the continental shelf of Onslow and Long Bays, North Carolina
Charles W. Hoffman, Andrew E. Grosz, John G. Nickerson
1999, Marine Georesources and Geotechnology (17) 173-184
One hundred fourteen vibracores from the Atlantic continental shelf offshore of southeastern North Carolina were opened, described, and processed over several contract years (years 6-9) of the Minerals Management Service-Association of American State Geologists Continental Margins program. Reports for years 9 and 10 of the program compiled the results of...
Observations at the Mars Pathfinder site: Do they provide "unequivocal" evidence of catastrophic flooding?
M. G. Chapman, J.S. Kargel
1999, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (104) 8671-8678
After Mars Pathfinder landed at the mouth of Ares Valus, a large channel that drains into the Chryse Planitia basin, the mission reports unanimously supported the interpretation that the lander site is the locus of catastrophic flooding by noting that all aspects of the scene are consistent with this interpretation....
Geotechnical characteristics and slope stability in the Gulf of Cadiz
H. Lee, J. Baraza
1999, Marine Geology (155) 173-190
Sedimentological and geotechnical analyses of thirty-seven core samples from the Gulf of Cadiz continental margin were used to define the regional variability of sediment properties and to assess slope stability. Considering the sediment property data set as a whole, there is an association between grain size, plasticity and water content....
Structural and petrologic evolution of the Lihue basin and eastern Kauai, Hawaii
P.W. Reiners, B.K. Nelson, S. K. Izuka
1999, Geological Society of America Bulletin (111) 674-685
The topography of the eastern part of the Hawaiian island of Kauai is dominated by the Lihue basin, a large (∼110 km2) semicircular depression bounded by steep cliffs and partly filled by late rejuvenated-stage (or posterosional stage) volcanic material. As with other large,...
Coupling groundwater and riparian vegetation models to assess effects of reservoir releases
Abraham E. Springer, Julie M. Wright, Patrick B. Shafroth, Juliet C. Stromberg, Duncan T. Patten
1999, Water Resources Research (35) 3621-3630
Although riparian areas in the arid southwestern United States are critical for maintaining species diversity, their extent and health have been declining since Euro‐American settlement. The purpose of this study was to develop a methodology to evaluate the potential for riparian vegetation restoration and groundwater recharge. A numerical groundwater flow...
Forced copulation results in few extrapair fertilizations in Ross's and lesser snow geese
P.O. Dunn, A. D. Afton, M.L. Gloutney, R.T. Alisauskas
1999, Animal Behaviour (57) 1071-1081
Extrapair paternity varies from 0 to over 70% of young among various populations of birds. Comparative studies have suggested that this variation is related to nesting density, breeding synchrony and the proportion of extrapair copulations. We used minisatellite DNA fingerprinting to examine levels of extrapair paternity in Ross's geese, Chen...
Tracer and hydrometric study of preferential flow in large undisturbed soil cores from the Georgia Piedmont, USA
Janice McIntosh, Jeffrey J. McDonnell, Norman E. Peters
1999, Hydrological Processes (13) 139-155
We studied the temporal patterns of tracer throughput in the outflow of large (30 cm diameter by 38 cm long) undisturbed cores from the Panola Mountain Research Watershed, Georgia. Tracer breakthrough was affected by soil structure and rainfall intensity. Two rainfall intensities (20 and 40 mm hr-1) for separate Cl-...
Air blasts generated by rockfall impacts: Analysis of the 1996 Happy Isles event in Yosemite National Park
M.M. Morrissey, W. Z. Savage, G. F. Wieczorek
1999, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (104) 23189-23198
The July 10, 1996, Happy Isles rockfall in Yosemite National Park, California, released 23,000 to 38,000 m3 of granite in four separate events. The impacts of the first two events which involved a 550-m free fall, generated seismic waves and atmospheric pressure waves (air blasts). We focus on the dynamic behavior...
Establishment of woody riparian species from natural seedfall at a former gravel pit
J. E. Roelle, D.N. Gladwin
1999, Restoration Ecology (7) 183-192
Establishment of native riparian communities through natural seedfall may be a viable reclamation alternative at some alluvial sand and gravel mines where water level can be controlled in the abandoned pit. We experimented with this approach at a pit in Fort Collins, Colorado, where a drain culvert equipped with a...
Surface faulting and paleoseismic history of the 1932 Cedar Mountain earthquake area, west-central Nevada, and implications for modern tectonics of the Walker Lane
J. W. Bell, C.M. DePolo, A. R. Ramelli, A.M. Sarna-Wojcicki, C.E. Meyer
1999, Geological Society of America Bulletin (111) 791-807
The 1932 Cedar Mountain earthquake (Ms 7.2) was one of the largest historical events in the Walker Lane region of western Nevada, and it produced a complicated strike-slip rupture pattern on multiple Quaternary faults distributed through three valleys. Primary, right-lateral surface ruptures occurred on north-striking faults in Monte Cristo Valley;...
Predicting ground-water movement in large mine spoil areas in the Appalachian Plateau
D.R. Wunsch, J.S. Dinger, C.D.R. Graham
1999, International Journal of Coal Geology (41) 73-106
Spoil created by surface mining can accumulate large quantities of ground-water, which can create geotechnical or regulatory problems, as well as flood active mine pits. A current study at a large (4.1 km2), thick, (up to 90 m) spoil body in eastern Kentucky reveals important factors that control the storage...
Methods for developing time-series climate surfaces to drive topographically distributed energy- and water-balance models
D. Susong, D. Marks, D. Garen
1999, Hydrological Processes (13) 2003-2021
Topographically distributed energy- and water-balance models can accurately simulate both the development and melting of a seasonal snowcover in the mountain basins. To do this they require time-series climate surfaces of air temperature, humidity, wind speed, precipitation, and solar and thermal radiation. If data are...
Death valley regional ground-water flow model calibration using optimal parameter estimation methods and geoscientific information systems
F. A. D’Agnese, C.C. Faunt, M. C. Hill, A. K. Turner
1999, Advances in Water Resources (22) 777-790
A regional-scale, steady-state, saturated-zone ground-water flow model was constructed to evaluate potential regional ground-water flow in the vicinity of Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The model was limited to three layers in an effort to evaluate the characteristics governing large-scale subsurface flow. Geoscientific information systems (GSIS) were used to characterize the complex...
Zebra mussel filter feeding and food-limited production of Daphnia: Recent changes in lower trophic level dynamics of Oneida Lake, New York, U.S.A.
M.J. Horgan, E.L. Mills
1999, Hydrobiologia (411) 79-88
Exotic zebra mussels can alter lower trophic level dynamics in lakes that they colonize by consuming large quantities of phytoplankton. We simulated the indirect effects of zebra mussel grazing on Daphnia by artificially reducing phytoplankton concentration for in situ Daphnia reproduction experiments. The response of Daphnia reproduction to reduced phytoplankton...
Application of flowmeter and depth-dependent water quality data for improved production well construction
M.A. Gossell, Tracy Nishikawa, Randall T. Hanson, John A. Izbicki, M.A. Tabidian, K. Bertine
1999, Ground Water (37) 729-735
Ground water production wells commonly are designed to maximize well yield and, therefore, may be screened over several water-bearing zones. These water-bearing zones usually are identified, and their hydrogeologic characteristics and water quality are inferred, on the basis of indirect data such as geologic and geophysical logs. Production well designs...
Long-term experimental manipulation of winter snow regime and summer temperature in arctic and alpine tundra
M.D. Walker, D.A. Walker, J.M. Welker, A.M. Arft, T. Bardsley, P. D. Brooks, J. T. Fahnestock, M.H. Jones, M. Losleben, A.N. Parsons, T.R. Seastedt, P.L. Turner
1999, Hydrological Processes (13) 2315-2330
Three 60 m long, 2·8 m high snowfences have been erected to study long-term effects of changing winter snow conditions on arctic and alpine tundra. This paper describes the experimental design and short-term effects. Open-top fiberglass warming chambers are placed along the experimental snow...
Fault-slip distribution of the 1995 Colima-Jalisco, Mexico, earthquake
C. Mendoza, S. Hartzell
1999, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (89) 1338-1344
Broadband teleseismic P waves have been analyzed to recover the rupture history of the large (MS 7.4) Colima-Jalisco, Mexico, shallow interplate thrust earthquake of 9 October 1995. Ground-displacement records in the period range of 1-60 sec are inverted using a linear, finite-fault waveform inversion procedure that...
Source processes of industrially-induced earthquakes at the Geysers geothermal area, California
A. Ross, G.R. Foulger, B.R. Julian
1999, Geophysics (64) 1877-1889
Microearthquake activity at The Geysers geothermal area, California, mirrors the steam production rate, suggesting that the earthquakes are industrially induced. A 15-station network of digital, three-component seismic stations was operated for one month in 1991, and 3,900 earthquakes were recorded. Highly-accurate moment tensors were derived for 30 of the best...
Middle Miocene paleotemperature anomalies within the Franciscan Complex of northern California: Thermo-tectonic responses near the Mendocino triple junction
M.B. Underwood, K.L. Shelton, R. J. McLaughlin, M.M. Laughland, R.M. Solomon
1999, Geological Society of America Bulletin (111) 1448-1467
This study documents three localities in the Franciscan accretionary complex of northern California, now adjacent to the San Andreas fault, that were overprinted thermally between 13.9 and 12.2 Ma: Point Delgada-Shelter Cove (King Range terrane); Bolinas Ridge (San Bruno Mountain terrane); and Mount San Bruno (San Bruno Mountain terrane). Vein...
Precocious breeding by yearling Giant Canada Geese
R.D. Drobney, J.M. Checkett, J.M. Coluccy, D.A. Graber
1999, The Auk (116) 1145-1147
Many species of waterfowl are capable of breeding as yearlings. In the subfamily Anserinae, however, reproduction normally does not commence until individuals reach two to four years of age (Rohwer 1992). Most published accounts indicate that Canada Geese (Branta canadensis) conform to the pattern typically found in other geese, deferring...
Chlorine-bearing amphiboles from the Fraser mine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada: Description and crystal chemistry
K.A. McCormick, A.M. McDonald
1999, Canadian Mineralogist (37) 1385-1403
Three chemically distinct populations of Cl-bearing amphibole have been recognized in association with contact Ni-Cu ore deposits in Footwall Breccia at the Fraser mine, Sudbury, Ontario. The first population, defined as halogen-poor (<0.5 wt.% Cl) actinolite and magnesiohornblende, occurs predominantly as pale green grains and cores. These are generally overgrown...
