Nitrate isotopes in groundwater systems
Carol Kendall, Ramon Aravena
2000, Book chapter, Environmental tracers in subsurface hydrology
Nitrate contamination, often associated with agricultural activities, is a major problem in some shallow aquifers and is increasingly becoming a threat to groundwater supplies (Gillham and Cherry, 1978; Ronen et al., 1983; Spalding and Exner, 1991). The intake of high levels of nitrate can cause methemoglobinemia in infants, and...
Enhanced levels of zinc in drinking water adversely affect spatial learning in rats
J.M. Flinn, J. Morgan, J. Magaha, L. Krause, K. Navarrete, B.F. Jones
2000, Book chapter, Metal ions in biology and medicine
No abstract available....
Macrofauna communities of exposed sandy beaches on the Southern California mainland and Channel Islands
J.E. Dugan, D.M. Hubbard, D.L. Martin, J.M. Engle, D.M. Richards, G.E. Davis, K. D. Lafferty, R.F. Ambrose
2000, Book, Proceedings of the Fifth California Islands Symposium.
No abstract available at this time...
Population regulation of the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentritus purpuratus, at the California Channel Islands
K. D. Lafferty, D. Kushner
2000, Book, Proceedings of the Fifth California Islands Symposium
No abstract available at this time...
Phosphate sorption by base metal hydroxides generated in the neutralization of acid mine drainage
P.L. Sibrell, P.R. Adler
2000, Conference Paper, Animal Feeding Operations: Effects on Hydrologic Resources and the Environment (USGS OFR 00-204)
No abstract available at this time...
Vegetation dynamics
S.L. King, M.K. Burke, T. J. Antrobus, S. Billups
2000, Book chapter, The Coosawhatchie Bottomland Ecosystem Study: a report on the development of a reference wetland
A disturbance can be defined as 'any relatively discrete event in time that disrupts ecosystem, community, or population structure and changes resources, substrate availability, or the physical environment' (Pickett and White 1985). Vegetation dynamics are a function of the temporal and spatial patterns of the disturbance regime. Natural disturbance regimes...
Vegetation and soils
M.K. Burke, S.L. King, M.H. Eisenbies, D. Gartner
2000, Book chapter, The Coosawhatchie Bottomland Ecosystem Study: a report on the development of a reference wetland
haracterization of bottomland hardwood vegetation in relatively undisturbed forests can provide critical information for developing effective wetland creation and restoration techniques and for assessing the impacts of management and development. Classification is a useful technique in characterizing vegetation because it summarizes complex data sets, assists in hypothesis generation about factors...
Cassin's Sparrow (Aimophila cassinii) status assessment and conservation plan
Janet M. Ruth
2000, Biological Technical Publication BTP-R6002-2000
Executive Summary Cassin’s Sparrow (Aimophila cassinii) is a grassland species endemic to the southwestern U.S. and northern Mexico. Its behavior and ecology have been shaped by these arid ecosystems and the health of its populations is dependent on the availability of grasslands that contain a shrub component. Populations of many grassland...
Bird community composition
T. J. Antrobus, M.P. Guilfoyle, W.C. Barrow Jr., P.B. Hamel, J.S. Wakeley
2000, Book chapter, The Coosawhatchie Bottomland Ecosystem Study: a report on the development of a reference wetland
Neotropical migrants are birds that breed in North America and winter primarily in Central and South America. Long-term population studies of birds in the Eastern United States indicated declines of some forest-dwelling birds, many of which winter in the Neotropics (Peterjohn and others 1995). These declines were attributed to loss...
Floristic surveys of Saguaro National Park Protected Natural Areas
W. L. Halvorson, B.S. Gebow
2000, Technical Report 68
No abstract available at this time...
Nest predation on black-tailed prairie dog colonies
B.W. Baker, T.R. Stanley, G. E. Plumb
2000, Journal of Wildlife Management (64) 776-784
Nest predation is the principal cause of mortality for many grassland birds. Predation rates may be higher on prairie dog colonies because they may have less available nesting cover and may increase predator abundance. We compared 14-day nest predation rates for 1,764 artificial nests on 102 black-tailed prairie dog...
A comparison in Colorado of three methods to monitor breeding amphibians
P.S. Corn, E. Muths, W.M. Iko
2000, Northwestern Naturalist (81) 22-30
We surveyed amphibians at 4 montane and 2 plains lentic sites in northern Colorado using 3 techniques: standardized call surveys, automated recording devices (frog-loggers), and intensive surveys including capture-recapture techniques. Amphibians were observed at 5 sites. Species richness varied from 0 to 4 species at each site. Richness scores, the...
Statistical considerations in monitoring birds over large areas
Douglas H. Johnson
2000, Research Paper RMRS-P-16
The proper design of a monitoring effort depends primarily on the objectives desired, constrained by the resources available to conduct the work. Typically, managers have numerous objectives, such as determining abundance of the species, detecting changes in population size, evaluating responses to management activities, and assessing habitat associations. A design...
Application of a modified harness design for attachment of radio transmitters to shorebirds
Peter M. Sanzenbacher, Susan M. Haig, Lewis W. Oring
2000, Wader Study Group Bulletin (91) 16-20
Radio transmitter attachment methodology is important to the design of radio telemetry studies. In 1998, we attached 5 transmitters to a captive population of Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) and 7 transmitters to wild Killdeer (Charadriusv ociferus) using a modified version of the Rappole and Tipton (1991) figure-8 leg-loop harness. Captive...
The 1995 and 1997 best projects
C. J. Schmitt, D. E. Tillitt, V. S. Blazer
2000, Information and Technology Report USGS/BRD/ITR-2000-0005
No abstract available at this time...
Estimating effects of constraints on plant performance with regression quantiles
B.S. Cade, Q. Guo
2000, Oikos (91) 245-254
Rates of change in final summer densities of two desert annuals, Eriogonum abertianum and Haplopappus gracilis, as constrained by their initial winter germination densities were estimated with regression quantiles and compared with mechanistic fits based on a self-thinning rule proposed by Guo et al. (1998); Oikos 83: 237–245). The allometric...
Identifying populations potentially exposed to agricultural pesticides using remote sensing and a Geographic Information System
Mary H. Ward, John R. Nuckols, Stephanie J. Weigel, Susan K. Maxwell, Kenneth P. Cantor, Ryan S. Miller
2000, Environmental Health Perspectives (108) 5-12
Pesticides used in agriculture may cause adverse health effects among the population living near agricultural areas. However, identifying the populations most likely to be exposed is difficult. We conducted a feasibility study to determine whether satellite imagery could be used to reconstruct historical crop patterns. We used historical Farm Service...
Occurrence and distribution of microbiological indicators in groundwater and stream water
Donna S. Francy, Dennis R. Helsel, Rebecca A. Nally
2000, Water Environment Research (72) 152-161
A total of 136 stream water and 143 groundwater samples collected in five important hydrologic systems of the United States were analyzed for microbiological indicators to test monitoring concepts in a nationally consistent program. Total coliforms were found in 99%, Escherichia coli in 97%, and Clostridium perfringens in 73% of stream water samples analyzed...
Genetic diversity and epidemiology of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in Alaska
E.G Emmenegger, T.R. Meyers, T.O. Burton, Gael Kurath
2000, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms (40) 163-176
Forty-two infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) isolates from Alaska were analyzed using the ribonuclease protection assay (RPA) and nucleotide sequencing. RPA analyses, utilizing 4 probes, N5, N3 (N gene), GF (G gene), and NV (NV gene), determined that the haplotypes of all 3 genes demonstrated a consistent spatial pattern. Virus...
Sequence stratigraphy of the Aux Vases Sandstone: A major oil producer in the Illinois basin
H.E. Leetaru
2000, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (84) 399-422
The Aux Vases Sandstone (Mississippian) has contributed between 10 and 25% of all the oil produced in Illinois. The Aux Vases is not only an important oil reservoir but is also an important source of groundwater, quarrying stone, and fluorspar. Using sequence stratigraphy, a more accurate stratigraphic interpretation of this...
Geology in the 1996 USGS seismic-hazard maps, central and eastern United States
R. L. Wheeler, A. Frankel
2000, Seismological Research Letters (71) 273-282
The current (1996) national probabilistic seismic-hazard maps utilize information about geologic structure and tectonics of the central and eastern U.S. to compensate for uncertainty that arises from the short seismicity record. Geology was incorporated into the maps mainly as seven source zones that are delineated in three distinct ways. The...
Effects of malaria (Plasmodium relicturm) on activity budgets of experimentally-infected juvenile Apapane (Himatione sanquinea)
N. Yorinks, C. T. Atkinson
2000, The Auk (117) 731-738
We used behavioral, physiological, and parasitological measures to document effects of acute malarial infections on activity budgets of experimentally infected juvenile Apapane (Himatione sanguinea). Five of eight birds died within 20 to 32 days after exposure to a single infective mosquito bite. Infected Apapane devoted less time to locomotory activities...
Mode of occurrence of chromium in four US coals
Frank E. Huggins, N. Shah, G.P. Huffman, A. Kolker, S. Crowley, C.A. Palmer, R. B. Finkelman
2000, Fuel Processing Technology (63) 79-92
The mode of occurrence of chromium in three US bituminous coals and one US subbituminous has been examined using both X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy and a selective leaching protocol supplemented by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron microprobe measurements. A synthesis of results from both methods indicates that...
Emersion and thermal tolerances of three species of unionid mussels: Survival and behavioral effects
Michelle Bartsch, D. L. Waller, W.G. Cope, Steve Gutreuter
2000, Journal of Shellfish Research (19) 233-240
We evaluated the behavior and survival of unionid mussels after emersion in air temperatures across a range that is likely to be encountered during status surveys or relocations. Five laboratory tests were performed with pocketbook Lampsilis cardium Rafinesque (2 tests), pimpleback Quadrula pustulosa Lea (1 test), and spike Elliptio dilatata...
The use of principal component analysis for interpreting ground water hydrographs
T. C. Winter, S.E. Mallory, T.R. Allen, D.O. Rosenberry
2000, Ground Water (38) 234-246
Principal component analysis was used to define patterns in water table hydrographs at four small, lake-watershed research sites in the United States. The analysis provided insights into (1) characteristics of ground water recharge in different parts of the watersheds; (2) the effect of seepage from lakes on water table fluctuations;...
