Nitrate stable isotopes: Tools for determining nitrate sources among different land uses in the Mississippi River Basin
Cecily C.Y. Chang, C. Kendall, S. R. Silva, W.A. Battaglin, K. Campbell
2002, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (59) 1874-1885
A study was conducted to determine whether NO3 stable isotopes (δ15N and δ18O), at natural abundance levels, could discriminate among NO3 sources from sites with different land uses at the basin scale. Water samples were collected from 24 sites in the Mississippi River Basin...
Weathering reactions and hyporheic exchange controls on stream water chemistry in a glacial meltwater stream in the McMurdo Dry Valleys
Michael N. Gooseff, Diane M. McKnight, W. Berry Lyons, Alex E. Blum
2002, Water Resources Research (38) 15-1-15-17
In the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, dilute glacial meltwater flows down well‐established streambeds to closed basin lakes during the austral summer. During the 6–12 week flow season, a hyporheic zone develops in the saturated sediment adjacent to the streams. Longer Dry Valley streams have higher concentrations of major ions than...
Groundwater hydrochemistry in the active layer of the proglacial zone, Finsterwalderbreen, Svalbard
R.J. Cooper, J.L. Wadham, M. Tranter, R. Hodgkins, N.E. Peters
2002, Journal of Hydrology (269) 208-223
Glacial bulk meltwaters and active-layer groundwaters were sampled from the proglacial zone of Finsterwalderbreen during a single melt season in 1999, in order to determine the geochemical processes that maintain high chemical weathering rates in the proglacial zone of this glacier. Results demonstrate that the principle means of solute acquisition...
Use of ICP/MS with ultrasonic nebulizer for routine determination of uranium activity ratios in natural water
T. F. Kraemer, M. W. Doughten, T.D. Bullen
2002, Environmental Science & Technology (36) 4899-4904
A method is described that allows precise determination of 234U/238U activity ratios (UAR) in most natural waters using commonly available inductively coupled plasma/mass spectrometry (ICP/MS) instrumentation and accessories. The precision achieved by this technique (±0.5% RSD, 1 sigma) is intermediate between thermal ionization mass spectrometry (±0.25% RSD, 1...
Antimicrobial residues in animal waste and water resources proximal to large-scale swine and poultry feeding operations
E.R. Campagnolo, K.R. Johnson, A. Karpati, C.S. Rubin, D.W. Kolpin, M. T. Meyer, J. Emilio Esteban, R.W. Currier, K. Smith, K.M. Thu, M. McGeehin
2002, Science of the Total Environment (299) 89-95
Expansion and intensification of large-scale animal feeding operations (AFOs) in the United States has resulted in concern about environmental contamination and its potential public health impacts. The objective of this investigation was to obtain background data on a broad profile of antimicrobial residues in animal wastes and surface water and...
Hydrogeologic processes in saline systems: Playas, sabkhas, and saline lakes
Y. Yechieli, W.W. Wood
2002, Earth-Science Reviews (58) 343-365
Pans, playas, sabkhas, salinas, saline lakes, and salt flats are hydrologically similar, varying only in their boundary conditions. Thus, in evaluating geochemical processes in these systems, a generic water and solute mass-balance approach can be utilized. A conceptual model of a coastal sabkha near the Arabian Gulf is used as...
Anaerobic oxidation of arsenite in Mono Lake water and by a facultative, arsenite-oxidizing chemoautotroph, strain MLHE-1
Ronald S. Oremland, S.E. Hoeft, J.M. Santini, N. Bano, R.A. Hollibaugh, J.T. Hollibaugh
2002, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (68) 4795-4802
Arsenite [As(III)]-enriched anoxic bottom water from Mono Lake, California, produced arsenate [As(V)] during incubation with either nitrate or nitrite. No such oxidation occurred in killed controls or in live samples incubated without added nitrate or nitrite. A small amount of biological As(III) oxidation...
The role of bedrock topography on subsurface storm flow
Jim Freer, Jeffery J. McDonnell, K.J. Beven, N.E. Peters, Douglas A. Burns, R. P. Hooper, B. Aulenbach, C. Kendall
2002, Water Resources Research (38) 5-1-5-16
We conducted a detailed study of subsurface flow and water table response coupled with digital terrain analysis (DTA) of surface and subsurface features at the hillslope scale in Panola Mountain Research Watershed (PMRW), Georgia. Subsurface storm flow contributions of macropore and matrix flow in different sections along an artificial trench...
Assessment of relative accuracy in the determination of organic matter concentrations in aquatic systems
G. Aiken, L.A. Kaplan, J. Weishaar
2002, Journal of Environmental Monitoring (4) 70-74
Accurate determinations of total (TOC), dissolved (DOC) and particulate (POC) organic carbon concentrations are critical for understanding the geochemical, environmental, and ecological roles of aquatic organic matter. Of particular significance for the drinking water industry, TOC measurements are the basis for compliance with US EPA regulations. The results of an...
Mid-Holocene hydrologic model of the Shingobee watershed, Minnesota
S.K. Filby, Sharon M. Locke, M.A. Person, T. C. Winter, D.O. Rosenberry, J.L. Nieber, W.J. Gutowski, E. Ito
2002, Quaternary Research (58) 246-254
A hydrologifc model of the Shingobee Watershed in north-central Minnesota was developed to reconstruct mid-Holocene paleo-lake levels for Williams Lake, a surface-water body located in the southern portion of the watershed. Hydrologic parameters for the model were first estimated in a calibration exercise using a 9-yr historical record (1990-1998) of...
Use of regional climate model output for hydrologic simulations
L.E. Hay, M.P. Clark, R.L. Wilby, W.J. Gutowski, G.H. Leavesley, Z. Pan, R.W. Arritt, E.S. Takle
2002, Journal of Hydrometeorology (3) 571-590
Daily precipitation and maximum and minimum temperature time series from a regional climate model (RegCM2) configured using the continental United States as a domain and run on a 52-km (approximately) spatial resolution were used as input to a distributed hydrologic model for one rainfall-dominated basin (Alapaha River at Statenville, Georgia)...
Implications of water supply for indigenous Americans during Holocene ardity phases on the Southern High Plains, USA
W.W. Wood, S. Stokes, J. Rich
2002, Quaternary Research (58) 139-148
Springs in the 40 to 50 large lake basins (>15 km2) on the southern portion of the Southern High Plains (SHP) were active during periods of aridity in the Holocene when there may have been human habitation of the area. Eolian erosion of the lake floors and lunette accretion occurred...
Recruitment variation of crappies in response to hydrology of Tennessee reservoirs
S.M. Sammons, P.W. Bettoli, D.A. Isermann, T.N. Churchill
2002, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (22) 1393-1398
Black crappies Pomoxis nigromaculatus and white crappies P. annularis were sampled to index recruitment in seven Tennessee reservoirs (four main-stem and three tributary storage impoundments). Crappie recruitment in tributary storage impoundments appeared to be consistently higher in years of high discharge during the prespawn period (1 January-31 March). A similar...
Topographic stress perturbations in southern Davis Mountains, west Texas 2. Hydrogeologic implications
R. H. Morin, W. Z. Savage
2002, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (107) ETG 6-1-ETG 6-10
As part of a regional groundwater investigation, geophysical logs were obtained in two municipal water wells located near the west Texas city of Alpine. These boreholes are 252 and 285 m deep and penetrate extrusive rocks of Tertiary age. The deeper well was drilled in the central valley and the...
A new metric for determining the importance of transient storage
R.L. Runkel
2002, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (21) 529-543
A review of various metrics used to characterize transient storage indicates that none of the existing measures successfully integrate the interaction between advective velocity and the transient storage parameters (storage zone area, storage zone exchange coefficient). Further, 2 existing metrics are related to mean travel time, a quantity that is...
Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope composition of aquatic and terrestrial plants of the San Francisco Bay estuarine system
J. E. Cloern, E. A. Canuel, D. Harris
2002, Limnology and Oceanography (47) 713-729
We report measurements of seasonal variability in the C‐N stable isotope ratios of plants collected across the habitat mosaic of San Francisco Bay, its marshes, and its tributary river system. Analyses of 868 plant samples were binned into 10 groups (e.g., terrestrial riparian, freshwater phytoplankton, salt marsh)...
Source water partitioning as a means of characterizing hydrologic function in mangroves
J.Z. Drexler, E. W. De Carlo
2002, Wetlands Ecology and Management (10) 103-113
Mangrove ecosystems rely on seawater, rain-derived flow, and groundwater for hydrologic sustenance, flushing, and inflow of nutrients and sediments. The relative contribution of these source waters and their variability through time and space can provide key information concerning the hydrologic function of ecosystems. We used hydrologic tracers to partition source...
Evaluating remedial alternatives for an acid mine drainage stream: Application of a reactive transport model
R.L. Runkel, B. A. Kimball
2002, Environmental Science & Technology (36) 1093-1101
A reactive transport model based on one-dimensional transport and equilibrium chemistry is applied to synoptic data from an acid mine drainage stream. Model inputs include streamflow estimates based on tracer dilution, inflow chemistry based on synoptic sampling, and equilibrium constants describing acid/base, complexation, precipitation/dissolution, and sorption reactions....
A comparison of surface water natural organic matter in raw filtered water samples, XAD, and reverse osmosis isolates
P.A. Maurice, M.J. Pullin, S.E. Cabaniss, Q. Zhou, K. Namjesnik-Dejanovic, G. R. Aiken
2002, Water Research (36) 2357-2371
This research compared raw filtered waters (RFWs), XAD resin isolates (XAD-8 and XAD-4), and reverse osmosis (RO) isolates of several surface water samples from McDonalds Branch, a small freshwater fen in the New Jersey Pine Barrens (USA). RO and XAD-8 are two of the...
Used motor oil as a source of MTBE, TAME, and BTEX to ground water
R.J. Baker, E.W. Best, A. L. Baehr
2002, Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (22) 46-51
Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), the widely used gasoline oxygenate, has been identified as a common ground water contaminant, and BTEX compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes) have long been associated with gasoline spills. Because not all instances of ground water contamination by MTBE and BTEX can be attributed to spills...
Changes in concentrations of triazine and acetamide herbicides by bank filtration, ozonation, and chlorination in a public water supply
Ingrid M. Verstraeten, E.M. Thurman, M.E. Lindsey, E.C. Lee, R.D. Smith
2002, Journal of Hydrology (266) 190-208
The changes in triazine and acetamide concentrations in water during natural and artificial treatment by bank filtration, ozonation, filtration, and chlorination were measured at the well field and drinking water treatment plant of Lincoln, Nebraska, USA. The city's groundwater supply is affected by induced infiltration and transport of triazines and...
Reproductive success of the interior least tern (Sterna antillarum) in relation to hydrology on the Lower Mississippi River
Katie M. Dugger, Mark R. Ryan, David L. Galat, Rochelle B. Renken, John W Smith
2002, River Research and Applications (18) 97-105
The annual hydrograph of large rivers, including flood pulses and low-flow periods, is believed to play a primary role in the productivity of biota associated with these ecosystems. We investigated the relationship between river hydrology and Interior least tern (Sterna antillarum) reproductive success on the Lower Mississippi River from April...
The influence of microclimates and fog on stable isotope signatures used in interpretation of regional hydrology: East Maui, Hawaii
M. A. Scholl, S. B. Gingerich, G.W. Tribble
2002, Journal of Hydrology (264) 170-184
Stable isotopes of precipitation, ground water and surface water measured on the windward side of East Maui from 0 to 3055 m altitude were used to determine recharge sources for stream flow and ground water. Correct interpretation of the hydrology using rainfall ??18O gradients with altitude required consideration of the...
Alkylcyclohexanes in environmental geochemistry
F. D. Hostettler, K.A. Kvenvolden
2002, Environmental Forensics (3) 293-301
The n-alkylated cyclohexanes (CHs) are a homologous series of hydrocarbon compounds that are commonly present in crude oil and refinery products such as diesel fuel. These compounds exhibit specific distribution patterns for different fuel types, providing useful fingerprints for characterizing petroleum products, especially after degradation of n-alkanes has occurred. However,...
Binding of mercury(II) to dissolved organic matter: The role of the mercury-to-DOM concentration ratio
M. Haitzer, G. R. Aiken, J. N. Ryan
2002, Environmental Science & Technology (36) 3564-3570
The binding of Hg(II) to dissolved organic matter (DOM; hydrophobic acids isolated from the Florida Everglades by XAD-8 resin) was measured at a wide range of Hg-to-DOM concentration ratios using an equilibrium dialysis ligand exchange method. Conditional distribution coefficients (KDOM‘) determined...
