Mortality of unionid bivalves (Mollusca) associated with Dreissenid mussels (Dreissena polymorpha and D. bugensis) in Presque Isle Bay, Lake Erie
Don W. Schloesser, Edwin C. Masteller
1999, Northeastern Naturalist (6) 341-352
Two exotic species of dreissenid mussels (Dreissena polymorpha and D. bugensis) began to colonize bottom substrates in Presque Isle Bay, Lake Erie in 1990. By 1991, all native unionid (Unionidae) shells were infested by dreissenids. In 1990 and 1991, about 500 individual unionids of 15 species were collected: in 1992,...
Dinosaurs, facts and fiction
Ronald J. Litwin, Robert E. Weems, Thomas R. Holtz Jr.
1999, Report
How environmental stress affects the impacts of parasites
K. D. Lafferty, A. M. Kuris
1999, Limnology and Oceanography (44) 564-590
Le Conte's sparrows breeding in Conservation Reserve Program fields: precipitation and patterns of population change
Lawrence D. Igl, Douglas H. Johnson
1999, Studies in Avian Biology (19) 178-186
The climate of the North American Great Plains is highly dynamic, with great year-to-year variability in precipitation and periodic, often extreme, wet and dry cycles (Bragg 1995). Drought is a major force of ecological disturbance on the Great Plains and has played a key role in directing the evolution of...
Changes in proximate composition and somatic energy content for Pacific sand lance (Ammodytes hexapterus) from Kachemak Bay, Alaska relative to maturity and season
Martin D. Robards, Jill A. Anthony, George A. Rose, John F. Piatt
1999, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology (242) 245-258
Mean dry-weight energy values of adult Pacific sand lance (Ammodytes hexapterus) peaked in spring and early summer (20.91 kJg−1 for males, 21.08 kJg−1 for females), then declined by about 25% during late summer and fall (15.91 kJg−1 for males, 15.74 kJg−1 for females). Late summer declines in energy density paralleled...
Immunostimulants in fish diets
A.L. Gannam, R. M. Schrock
1999, Journal of Applied Aquaculture (9) 53-89
Various immunostimulants and their methods of application in fish culture are examined in this review. Important variables such as life stage and innate disease resistance of the fish; immunostimulant used, its structure and mode of action; and the fish's environment are discussed. Conflicting results have been published about the efficacy...
Growth of a post-Little Ice Age submarine fan, Glacier Bay, Alaska
P.R. Carlson, E. A. Cowan, R.D. Powell, J. Cai
1999, Geo-Marine Letters (19) 227-236
A small Holocene fan is forming where Queen Inlet, a hanging valley, enters West Arm fjord, Glacier Bay, Alaska. Queen fan formed in the last 80 years following retreat of the Little Ice Age glacier that filled Glacier Bay about 200 yr BP. It was built mainly by a turbidite...
Seismic- and well-log-inferred gas hydrate accumulations on Richards Island
T. S. Collett
1999, Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Canada 357-376
The gas hydrate stability zone is areally extensive beneath most of the Mackenzie Delta-Beaufort Sea region, with the base of the gas hydrate stability zone more than 1000 m deep on Richards Island. In this study, gas hydrate has been inferred to occur in nine Richards Island exploratory wells on...
Petrology and geochemistry of late-stage intrusions of the A-type, mid-Proterozoic Pikes Peak batholith (Central Colorado, USA): Implications for petrogenetic models
D. R. Smith, J. Noblett, R. A. Wobus, D. Unruh, J. Douglass, R. Beane, C. Davis, S. Goldman, G. Kay, B. Gustavson, B. Saltoun, J. Stewart
1999, Precambrian Research (98) 271-305
The ~1.08 Ga anorogenic, A-type Pikes Peak batholith (Front Range, central Colorado) is dominated by coarse-grained, biotite ?? amphibole syenogranites and minor monzogranites, collectively referred to as Pikes Peak granite (PPG). The batholith is also host to numerous small, late-stage plutons that have been subdivided into two groups (e.g. Wobus,...
Large-magnitude, late Holocene earthquakes on the Genoa fault, West-Central Nevada and Eastern California
A. R. Ramelli, J. W. Bell, C.M. DePolo, J. C. Yount
1999, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (89) 1458-1472
The Genoa fault, a principal normal fault of the transition zone between the Basin and Range Province and the northern Sierra Nevada, displays a large and conspicuous prehistoric scarp. Three trenches excavated across this scarp exposed two large-displacement, late Holocene events. Two of the trenches contained multiple layers of stratified...
Natural attenuation of chloroacetinilide herbicides in aquatic systems
David W. Graham, William H. Graham, Frank DeNoyelles Jr., Val H. Smith, E. Michael Thurman
Andrea Leeson, Bruce C. Alleman, editor(s)
1999, Conference Paper, Natural attenuation of chlorinated solvents, petroleum hydrocarbons, and other organic compounds: Volume 5(1) of <i>Proceedings from the Battelle Memorial Institute international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium</i>
Chloroacetanilide herbicides (e.g. alachlor and metolachlor) and their breakdown products are frequently found in agriculturally impacted and other natural waters. Although these compounds are usually present at low concentrations in aquatic systems, defining their fate and attenuation rate is important because they can be toxic at comparatively low exposure levels....
Plate deformation at depth under northern California: Slab gap or stretched slab?
Uri S. ten Brink, N. Shimizu, P.C. Molzer
1999, Tectonics (18) 1084-1098
Plate kinematic interpretations for northern California predict a gap in the underlying subducted slab caused by the northward migration of the Pacific-North America-Juan de Fuca triple junction. However, large-scale decompression melting and asthenospheric upwelling to the base of the overlying plate within the postulated gap are not supported by geophysical...
Spatial variability of turbulent fluxes in the roughness sublayer of an even-aged pine forest
G. Katul, C.-I. Hsieh, D. Bowling, K. Clark, N. Shurpali, A. Turnipseed, J. Albertson, K. Tu, D. Hollinger, B. M. Evans, B. Offerle, D. Anderson, D. Ellsworth, C. Vogel, R. Oren
1999, Boundary-Layer Meteorology (93) 1-28
The spatial variability of turbulent flow statistics in the roughness sublayer (RSL) of a uniform even-aged 14 m (= h) tall loblolly pine forest was investigated experimentally. Using seven existing walkup towers at this stand, high frequency velocity, temperature, water vapour and carbon dioxide concentrations were measured at 15.5...
Relation of streams, lakes, and wetlands to groundwater flow systems
T. C. Winter
1999, Hydrogeology Journal (7) 28-45
Surface-water bodies are integral parts of groundwater flow systems. Groundwater interacts with surface water in nearly all landscapes, ranging from small streams, lakes, and wetlands in headwater areas to major river valleys and seacoasts. Although it generally is assumed that topographically high areas are groundwater recharge...
Anomalous increases in piezometric levels in advance of longwall mining subsidence
C.J. Booth, A.M. Curtiss, P.J. DeMaris, D. J. Van Roosendaal
1999, Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (5) 407-417
The typical initial piezometric response to longwall undermining is a decline in head due to the opening of fractures and bedding planes during early subsidence. However, in studies over two active longwall mines in southern Illinois, temporary rises in head just before subsidence were observed in piezometers constructed in low-permeability...
Microsatellite diversity and conservation of a relic trout population: McCloud River redband trout
J.L. Nielsen, K.D. Crow, Monique C. Fountain
1999, Molecular Ecology (8) S129-S142
Rainbow trout native to the McCloud River, California, USA (Oncorhynchus mykiss stonei) are thought to represent a relic, nonanadromous trout adapted to harsh, fragmented environments. These fish, commonly named McCloud River ‘redband’ trout, survive in their most primitive form in a small, spring-fed stream, Sheepheaven Creek, in the upper McCloud...
Movement patterns and population characteristics of the Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) at Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore
Randy L. Knutson, John R. Kwilosz, Ralph Grundel
1999, Natural Areas Journal (19) 109-120
We conducted a three-year mark-release-recapture study of the endangered Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis Nabokov) at Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore to describe the butterfly's movement patterns and to assess seasonal changes in the Karner blue's population structure. Estimated mean Karner blue adult life span was less than 3.5 days....
Changes in the dreissenid community in the lower Great Lakes with emphasis on southern Lake Ontario
Edward L. Mills, Jana R. Chrisman, Brad Baldwin, Randall W. Owens, Robert O’Gorman, Todd Howell, Edward F. Roseman, Melinda K. Raths
1999, Journal of Great Lakes Research (25) 187-197
A field study was conducted in the lower Great Lakes to assess changes in spatial distribution and population structure of dreissenid mussel populations. More specifically, the westward range expansion of quagga mussel into western Lake Erie and toward Lake Huron was investigated and the shell size, density, and biomass of...
Spatial patterns in PCB concentrations of Lake Michigan lake trout
Charles P. Madenjian, Timothy J. Desorcie, Ralph M. Stedman, Edward H. Brown Jr., Gary W. Eck, Larry J. Schmidt, Robert J. Hesselberg, Sergei M. Chernyak, Dora R. Passino-Reader
1999, Journal of Great Lakes Research (25) 149-159
Most of the PCB body burden in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) of the Great Lakes is from their food. PCB concentrations were determined in lake trout from three different locations in Lake Michigan during 1994–1995, and lake trout diets were analyzed at all three locations. The PCB concentrations were also...
Predation on lake trout eggs and fry: A modeling approach
Jacqueline F. Savino, Patrick L. Hudson, Mary C. Fabrizio, Charles A. Bowen II
1999, Journal of Great Lakes Research (25) 36-44
A general model was developed to examine the effects of multiple predators on survival of eggs and fry of lake trout, Salvelinus namaycush, associated with spawning reefs. Three kinds of predation were simulated: epibenthic egg predators consuming eggs on the substrate surface...
Geophagy by yellowstone grizzly bears
D.J. Mattson, G.I. Green, R. Swalley
1999, Ursus (11) 109-116
We documented 12 sites in the Yellowstone ecosystem where grizzly bears (Ursus arctos horribilis) had purposefully consumed soil (an activity known as geophagy). We also documented soil in numerous grizzly bear feces. Geophagy primarily occurred at sites barren of vegetation where surficial geology had been modified by geothermal activity. There...
Aeromagnetic legacy of early Paleozoic subduction along the Pacific margin of Gondwana
Carol A. Finn, D. Moore, D. Damaske, T. Mackey
1999, Geology (27) 1087-1090
Comparison of the aeromagnetic signatures and geology of southeastern Australia and northern Victoria Land, Antarctica, with similar data from ancient subduction zones in California and Japan, provides a framework for reinterpretation of the plate tectonic setting of the Pacific margin of early Paleozoic Gondwana. In our model, the plutons in...
Distribution of odonates (dragonflies and damselflies) in the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore and nearby lands
George E. Smolka, Paul M. Stewart, Thomas O. Swinford
1999, Natural Areas Journal (19) 132-141
From 1993 to 1997, 60 species of Anisoptera (dragonflies) and Zygoptera (damselflies) were found in Lake and Porter Counties, Indiana, including Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore, in contrast to 34 species that were recorded historically from this region. We added 17 new species to Lake County's odonate records and 39...
Evaluation of reforestation in the Lower Mississippi River Alluvial Valley
S.L. King, B. D. Keeland
1999, Restoration Ecology (7) 348-359
Only about 2.8 million ha of an estimated original 10 million ha of bottomland hardwood forests still exist in the Lower Mississippi River Alluvial Valley (LMAV) of the United States. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the U.S. Forest Service, and state agencies initiated reforestation efforts in the late 1980s...
Dynamic 3D simulations of earthquakes on en echelon faults
R.A. Harris, S.M. Day
1999, Geophysical Research Letters (26) 2089-2092
One of the mysteries of earthquake mechanics is why earthquakes stop. This process determines the difference between small and devastating ruptures. One possibility is that fault geometry controls earthquake size. We test this hypothesis using a numerical algorithm that simulates spontaneous rupture propagation in a three-dimensional...
