Stress transferred by the 1995 Mw = 6.9 Kobe, Japan, shock: Effect on aftershocks and future earthquake probabilities
S. Toda, R.S. Stein, P.A. Reasenberg, James H. Dieterich, A. Yoshida
1998, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (103) 24543-24565
The Kobe earthquake struck at the edge of the densely populated Osaka-Kyoto corridor in southwest Japan. We investigate how the earthquake transferred stress to nearby faults, altering their proximity to failure and thus changing earthquake probabilities. We find that relative to the pre-Kobe seismicity, Kobe aftershocks were concentrated in regions...
Closing the gap between regional and global travel time tomography
H. Bijwaard, W. Spakman, E.R. Engdahl
1998, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (103) 30055-30078
Recent global travel time tomography studies by Zhou [1996] and van der Hilst et al. [1997] have been performed with cell parameterizations of the order of those frequently used in regional tomography studies (i.e., with cell sizes of 1°–2°). These new global models constitute a considerable improvement over previous results that were obtained...
Landscape changes in the southwestern United States: Techniques, long-term datasets, and trends: Chapter 9
Craig D. Allen, Julio L. Betancourt, Thomas W. Swetnam
Thomas D. Sisk, editor(s)
1998, Biological Science Report 1998-0003-p
No abstract available....
Location of wells shown in "Structure, outcrop,, and subcrop of the bedrock aquifers along the western margin of the Denver Basin, Colorado." Hydrologic Atlas 742
Sharon Rafferty
1998, Report
This digital geospatial data set consists of locations of coal, oil, gas and water wells shown as data points in the report, "Structure, Outcrop, and Subcrop of the Bedrock Aquifers Along the Western Margin of the Denver Basin, Colorado" (Robson and others, 1998)....
Eolian dust on the Colorado Plateau: Magnetic and geochemical evidence from sediment in potholes and biologic soil crust
R. Reynolds, Jayne Belnap, M. Reheis, Nilah Mazza
Alan J. Busacca, Sandra Lilligren, Kelly Newell, editor(s)
1998, Conference Paper, Proceedings: Dust aerosols, loess, soils, and global change, an interdisciplinary conference and field tour on dust in ancient environments and contemporary environmental management
No abstract available....
Morphologic and cytochemical characteristics of blood cells from Hawaiian green turtles
Thierry M. Work, R.E. Raskin, George H. Balazs, S.D. Whittaker
1998, American Journal of Veterinary Research (59) 1252-1257
Objective - To identify and characterize blood cells from free-ranging Hawaiian green turtles, Chelonia mydas. Sample Population - 26 green turtles from Puako on the island of Hawaii and Kaneohe Bay on the island of Oahu. Procedure - Blood was examined, using light and electron microscopy and cytochemical stains that...
Monitoring species richness and abundance of shorebirds in the western Great Basin
Nils Warnock, Susan M. Haig, Lewis W. Oring
1998, The Condor (100) 589-600
Broad-scale avian surveys have been attempted within North America with mixed results. Arid regions, such as the Great Basin, are often poorly sampled because of the vastness of the region, inaccessibility of sites, and few ornithologists. In addition, extreme variability in wetland habitat conditions present special problems for conducting censuses...
Influence of habitat on behavior of Towndsend's ground squirrels (Spermophilus townsendii)
Peter B. Sharpe, Beatrice Van Horne
1998, Journal of Mammalogy (79) 906-918
Trade-offs between foraging and predator avoidance may affect an animal's survival and reproduction. These trade-offs may be influenced by differences in vegetative cover, especially if foraging profitability and predation risk differ among habitats. We examined above-ground activity of Townsend's ground squirrels (Spermophilus townsendii) in four habitats in the Snake...
The U.S. Geological Survey coal assessment of the Gulf Coastal Region: A progress report
Peter D. Warwick, Claire E. Aubourg, S.S. Crowley, R.W. Hook, S.J. Law, S.W. Miller, D. J. Nichols, Steven M. Podwysocki, John R. SanFilipo, R. E. Thomas, E.M. Timmerberg, J.K. Tully, C.S. Watt, Jason C. Willett
Shiao Hung Chian, editor(s)
1998, Conference Paper, Coal energy and the environment: Proceedings of the fifteenth annual international Pittsburgh coal conference
No abstract available....
Hydrogeologic studies at the USGS Amargosa Desert Research Site
Brian J. Andraski, David A. Stonestrom
Emily M. Taylor, editor(s)
1998, Book chapter, Quaternary geology of the Yucca Mountain area, southern Nevada: Field trip guide
In 1976, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began studies of unsaturated-zone hydrology in the Amargosa Desert in support of the USGS Low-Level Radioactive Waste Program. In 1983, agreements with the Bureau of Land Management and the State of Nevada established two field study areas: a 16-ha area adjacent to a...
Review of 'The golden eagle' by Jeff Watson
Michael W. Collopy
1998, The Condor (100) 774-775
No abstract available....
Effects of slip, slip rate, and shear heating on the friction of granite
M.L. Blanpied, T.E. Tullis, J.D. Weeks
1998, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (103) 489-511
The stability of fault slip is sensitive to the way in which frictional strength responds to changes in slip rate and in particular to the effective velocity dependence of steady state friction Δμss/Δ ln V. This quantity can vary substantially with displacement, temperature and slip rate. To investigate the physical basis...
Gas hydrates in the Messoyakha gas field of the West Siberian Basin - A re-examination of the geologic evidence
T. S. Collett, G.D. Ginsburg
1998, International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering (8) 22-29
The amount of natural gas within the gas hydrate accumulations of the world is believed to greatly exceed the volume of known conventional natural gas reserves. The hydrocarbon production history of the Russian Messoyakha field, located in the West Siberian Basin, has been used as evidence that gas hydrates are...
Sediment resuspension characteristics in Baltimore Harbor, Maryland
J.P.-Y. Maa, L. Sanford, J.P. Halka
1998, Marine Geology (146) 137-145
Critical bed shear stress for sediment resuspension and sediment erosion rate were measured in-situ at sites from inner to outer Baltimore Harbor using the VIMS Sea Carousel. Clay mineral contents and biological conditions were almost the same at the four study sites. The experimental results indicated that the erosion rate...
Photoprotective substance occurs primarily in outer layers of fish skin
D. L. Fabacher, E. E. Little
1998, Environmental Science and Pollution Research (5) 4-6
Methanol extracts of dorsal skin layers, eyes, gills, and livers from ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation-sensitive and UVB-tolerant species of freshwater fish were examined for a substance that appears to be photoprotective. Significantly larger amounts of this substance were found in extracts of outer dorsal skin layers from both UVB-sensitive and UVB-tolerant...
Deducing growth mechanisms for minerals from the shapes of crystal size distributions
D. D. Eberl, V. A. Drits, J. Srodon
1998, American Journal of Science (298) 499-533
Crystal size distributions (CSDs) of natural and synthetic samples are observed to have several distinct and different shapes. We have simulated these CSDs using three simple equations: the Law of Proportionate Effect (LPE), a mass balance equation, and equations for Ostwald ripening. The following crystal growth mechanisms are simulated using...
Impact of zebra and quagga mussels (Dreissena spp.) on freshwater unionids (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in the Detroit River of the Great Lakes
D. W. Schloesser, W. P. Kovalak, G. D. Longton, K. L. Ohnesorg, R. D. Smithee
1998, American Midland Naturalist (140) 299-313
To assess the impact of zebra and quagga mussel (Dreissena spp.) infestation on unionids, unionids (Bivalvia: Unionidae) were sampled in the Detroit River in 1982–1983, before mussels invaded the river, and in 1992 and 1994, after mussels invaded the river. Live unionids at four stations along the southeastern shore accounted for...
Sulphur-radical control on petroleum formation rates
M. D. Lewan
1998, Nature (391) 164-166
Most petroleum is formed through the partial decomposition of kerogen (an insoluble sedimentary organic material) in response to thermal stress during subsurface burial in a sedimentary basin. Knowing the mechanisms and kinetics of this process allows the determination of the extent and timing of petroleum formation, which, in turn, are...
Zircon geochronology of the Webb Canyon Gneiss and the Mount Owen Quartz Monzonite, Teton Range, Wyoming: Significance to dating late Archean metamorphism in the Wyoming craton
R. E. Zartman, J. C. Reed Jr.
1998, Mountain Geologist (35) 71-77
The Webb Canyon Gneiss is a strongly foliated and lineated orthogneiss intercalated with layered Archean gneisses in the northern part of the Teton Range in northwestern Wyoming. The Mount Owen Quartz Monzonite is a non-foliated or weakly flow foliated rock which forms a discordant pluton exposed in the central part...
Acadian flycatcher nest placement: Does placement influence reproductive success?
R.R. Wilson, R.J. Cooper
1998, Condor (100) 673-679
We located 511 Acadian Flycatcher (Empidonax virescens) nests in bottomland hardwood forest of eastern Arkansas. Microhabitat characteristics were measured and their relationship with nest success evaluated. Fifty-two percent of all nesting attempts resulted in predation. Attributes of nest placement were similar between successful and unsuccessful nests, although successful nests were...
Comparison of streambed sediment and aquatic biota as media for characterizing trace elements and organochlorine compounds in the Willamette Basin, Oregon
D.A. Wentz, I.R. Waite, F. A. Rinella
1998, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (51) 673-693
During 1992-93, 27 organochlorine compounds (pesticides plus total PCB) and 17 trace elements were analyzed in bed sediment and aquatic biota from 20 stream sites in the Willamette Basin as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program. Data from each medium were compared to evaluate their relative...
Effect of chronic nitrogen additions on soil nitrogen fractions in red spruce stands
M.B. David, A.M. Cupples, G.B. Lawrence, G. Shi, K. Vogt, P.M. Wargo
1998, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (105) 183-192
The responses of temperate and boreal forest ecosystems to increased nitrogen (N) inputs have been varied, and the responses of soil N pools have been difficult to measure. In this study, fractions and pool sizes of N were determined in the forest floor of red spruce stands at four sites...
Active Volcanism on Io as Seen by Galileo SSI
A. S. McEwen, L. Keszthelyi, P. Geissler, D.P. Simonelli, M. H. Carr, T. V. Johnson, K.P. Klaasen, H.H. Breneman, T.J. Jones, J.M. Kaufman, K.P. Magee, D.A. Senske, M. J. S. Belton, G. Schubert
1998, Icarus (135) 181-219
Active volcanism on Io has been monitored during the nominal Galileo satellite tour from mid 1996 through late 1997. The Solid State Imaging (SSI) experiment was able to observe many manifestations of this active volcanism, including (1) changes in the color and albedo of the surface, (2) active airborne plumes,...
Evidence from Lake Baikal for Siberian glaciation during oxygen-isotope substage 5d
E.B. Karabanov, A.A. Prokopenko, D. F. Williams, Steven M. Colman
1998, Quaternary Research (50) 46-55
The paleoclimatic record from bottom sediments of Lake Baikal (eastern Siberia) reveals new evidence for an abrupt and intense glaciation during the initial part of the last interglacial period (isotope substage 5d). This glaciation lasted about 12 000 yr from 117 000 to 105 000 yr BP according to correlation...
Late Pleistocene C4 plant dominance and summer rainfall in the southwestern United States from isotopic study of herbivore teeth
S.L. Connin, J. Betancourt, Jay Quade
1998, Quaternary Research (50) 179-193
Patterns of climate and C4 plant abundance in the southwestern United States during the last glaciation were evaluated from isotopic study of herbivore tooth enamel. Enamel ??13C values revealed a substantial eastward increase in C4 plant consumption for Mammuthus spp., Bison spp., Equus spp., and Camelops spp. The ??13C values...
