Preferential flow and transport of nitrate and bromide in claypan soil
B. P. Kelly, M.L. Pomes
1998, Ground Water (36) 484-494
The in situ measurement of water flow and chemical transport through clay pan soils is crucial to understanding potential water contamination from agricultural sources. It is important due to the large areal extent of these soils in agricultural regions of the midwestern United States and because of preferential flow paths...
Magnitude and significance of carbon burial in lakes, reservoirs, and peatlands
W.E. Dean, E. Gorham
1998, Geology (26) 535-538
Globally, lakes are currently accumulating organic carbon (OC) at an estimated annual rate of about 42 Tgṁyr−1. Most of the OC in all but the most oligotrophic of these lakes is autochthonous, produced by primary production in the lakes. The sediments of reservoirs...
An evaluation of in-situ measurements of water temperature, specific conductance, and pH in low ionic strength streams
A.J. Ranalli
1998, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (104) 423-441
Survey for continuous measurement of water temperature, specific conductance, and pH in four low ionic strength streams in the Catskill Mountains of New York was evaluated through a calculation of their bias, precision, and accuracy and by comparison with laboratory measurements of specific conductance and pH on samples collected concurrently....
Comparison of two stable hydrogen isotope-ratio measurement techniques on Antarctic surface-water and ice samples
J.A. Hopple, J.E. Hannon, T.B. Coplen
1998, Chemical Geology (152) 321-323
A comparison of the new hydrogen isotope-ratio technique of Vaughn et al. ([Vaughn, B.H., White, J.W.C., Delmotte, M., Trolier, M., Cattani, O., Stievenard, M., 1998. An automated system for hydrogen isotope analysis of water. Chem. Geol. (Isot. Geosci. Sect.), 152, 309-319]; the article immediately preceding this article) for the analysis...
Stable carbon and oxygen isotope record of central Lake Erie sediments
M.J.S. Tevesz, A.L. Spongberg, J. A. Fuller
1998, Journal of Paleolimnology (20) 295-305
Stable carbon and oxygen isotope data from mollusc aragonite extracted from sediment cores provide new information on the origin and history of sedimentation in the southwestern area of the central basin of Lake Erie. Sediments infilling the Sandusky subbasin consist of three lithologic units overlying glacial deposits. The lowest of...
The interplinian activity at Somma-Vesuvius in the last 3500 years
G. Rolandi, P. Petrosino, Geehin J. Mc
1998, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (82) 19-52
Between 1884 B.C. and A.D. 472, eruptive activity at Somma-Vesuvius was dominated by the three plinian eruptions of Avellino (3550 yr B.P.), Pompei (A.D. 79) and A.D. 472 and, as a result, little attention has been given to the intervening interplinian activity. The interplinian events are here reconstructed using new...
Information-theoretic model selection and model averaging for closed-population capture-recapture studies
Thomas R. Stanley, Kenneth P. Burnham
1998, Biometrical Journal (40) 475-494
Specification of an appropriate model is critical to valid statistical inference. Given the “true model” for the data is unknown, the goal of model selection is to select a plausible approximating model that balances model bias and sampling variance. Model selection based on information criteria such as AIC or its...
Polycrystalline methane hydrate: Synthesis from superheated ice, and low-temperature mechanical properties
L.A. Stern, S. H. Kirby, W.B. Durham
1998, Energy and Fuels (12) 201-211
We describe a new and efficient technique to grow aggregates of pure methane hydrate in quantities suitable for physical and material properties testing. Test specimens were grown under static conditions by combining cold, pressurized CH4 gas with granulated H2O ice, and then warming the reactants to promote...
Development and application of a marine sediment pore-water toxicity test using Ulva fasciata zoospores
Russell L. Hooten, R. Scott Carr
1998, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (17) 932-940
An acute (96 h) pore-water toxicity test protocol using germination and growth of Ulva fasciatazoospores as endpoints was developed to test the toxicity of marine and estuarine sediment pore-water samples. Tests with an organic toxicant (sodium dodecyl sulfate; SDS), three metals (Cd, Cu, and Zn), and ammonia (NH3) were conducted...
Relation between irrigation method, sediment yields, and losses of pesticides and nitrogen
J.C. Ebbert, M. H. Kim
1998, Journal of Environmental Quality (27) 372-380
Yields of suspended sediment from watersheds in the Quincy and Pasco Basins of Washington State have been reduced by the use of sprinkler irrigation on cropland previously in furrow irrigation. Mean daily yields of suspended sediment from nine watersheds sampled during April and May 1994 ranged from 0.4 kg/ha of...
Bathymetric surveying with GPS and heave, pitch, and roll compensation
P.A. Work, M. Hansen, W.E. Rogers
1998, Journal of Surveying Engineering (124) 73-89
Field and laboratory tests of a shipborne hydrographic survey system were conducted. The system consists of two 12-channel GPS receivers (one on-board, one fixed on shore), a digital acoustic fathometer, and a digital heave-pitch-roll (HPR) recorder. Laboratory tests of the HPR recorder and fathometer are documented. Results of field tests...
Blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis) in Lake Ontario: First record, entry route, and colonization potential
Randall W. Owens, Robert O’Gorman, Edward L. Mills, Lars G. Rudstam, John J. Hasse, Brandon H. Kulik, David B. MacNeill
1998, Journal of Great Lakes Research (24) 723-730
Two juvenile blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis) were caught in Lake Ontario in October 1995, the first record of this anadromous marine clupeid in the Great Lakes. Blueback herring most likely gained entry to Lake Ontario via the Erie Barge Canal, a navigation canal that links the Mohawk-Hudson rivers, which drain...
Estimates of loss rates of jaw tags on walleyes
Steven P. Newman, Michael H. Hoff
1998, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (18) 202-205
The rate of jaw tag loss was evaluated for walleye Stizostedion vitreum in Escanaba Lake, Wisconsin. We estimated tag loss using two recapture methods, a creel census and fykenetting. Average annual tag loss estimates were 17.5% for fish recaptured by anglers and 27.8% for fish recaptured in fyke nets. However, fyke-net data...
Evidence for early metamorphosis of sea lampreys in the Chippewa River, Michigan
Sidney B. Morkert, William D. Swink, James G. Seelye
1998, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (18) 966-971
We determined age at metamorphosis to the juvenile or parasitic phase for sea lampreysPetromyzon marinus in a highly productive Great Lakes tributary to determine if the age at metamorphosis was earlier than expected. Ages determined from statoliths, a structure analogous to otoliths in teleost fishes, indicated that many sea lampreys collected...
Experimental restoration of native vegetation in Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore
Young D. Choi, Noel B. Pavlovic
1998, Restoration Ecology (6) 118-129
We investigated the effects of prescribed fire, herbicide treatment, and sod removal on the eradication of exotic grasses and the establishment of native plant species in 24 experimental restoration plots in three razed residential sites within the boundary of Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore. During 1992–1995, herbicide treatment and sod removal...
Climate variations and changes in mass of three glaciers in western North America
S. M. Hodge, D.C. Trabant, R. M. Krimmel, T.A. Heinrichs, R.S. March, E.G. Josberger
1998, Journal of Climate (11) 2161-2179
Time series of net and seasonal mass balances for three glaciers in western North America, one in the Pacific Northwest and two in Alaska, show various relationships to Pacific hemisphere climate indexes. During the winter season the two coastal, maritime-regime glaciers, over 2000 km apart, are affected almost identically, albeit...
Geohistory and thermal maturation in the Cherokee Basin (Mid-Continent, U.S.A.): results from modeling
A. Forster, D. F. Merriam, P. Hoth
1998, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin (82) 1673-1693
The Cherokee basin in southeastern Kansas contains a stratigraphic section consisting mostly of Permian-Pennsylvanian alternating clastics and thin carbonates overlying carbonates of Mississippian and Cambrian-Ordovician age on a Precambrian crytalline basement. Based on a conceptual model of events of deposition, nondeposition, and erosion, a burial history model for (1) noncompaction,...
Relative importance of physical and economic factors in Appalachian coalbed gas assessment
E. D. Attanasi
1998, International Journal of Coal Geology (38) 47-59
In the 1995 National Assessment of Oil and Gas Resources prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey, only 20% of the assessed technically recoverable Appalachian Province coalbed gas resources were economic. Physical and economic variables are examined to explain the disparity between economic and technically recoverable coalbed gas. The Anticline and...
Hermit crabs in the diet of Pigeon Guillemots at Kachemak Bay, Alaska
Michael A. Litzow, John F. Piatt, Jared D. Figurski
1998, Colonial Waterbirds (21) 242-244
Guillemots (Cepphus spp.) feed their chicks a diet that is almost exclusively fish. We observed Pigeon Guillemots (C. columba) at two colonies in Alaska where hermit crabs (Crustacea: Anomura) were a major part of the diet for some nestlings. Hermit crabs were delivered to three of five observed nests at...
Effect of environmental setting on sediment, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentrations in Albemarle-Pamlico drainage basin, North Carolina and Virginia, USA
G. McMahon, D.A. Harned
1998, Environmental Management (22) 887-903
Environmental settings were defined, through an overlay process, as areas of coincidence between categories of three mapped variables - land use, surficial geology, and soil drainage characteristics. Expert judgment was used in selecting factors thought to influence sediment and nutrient concentrations in the Albemarle-Pamlico drainage area. This study's findings support...
The fate of geothermal arsenic in the Madison and Missouri Rivers, Montana and Wyoming
David A. Nimick, Johnnie N. Moore, Charles E. Dalby, Michael W. Savka
1998, Water Resources Research (34) 3051-3067
Geothermal As from Yellowstone National Park causes high As concentrations (10–370 μg/L) in the Madison and Missouri Rivers in Montana and Wyoming. Arsenic transport is largely conservative in the upper basin as demonstrated by the near equivalence of dissolved and total-recoverable As concentrations, the constancy of As loads, and consistent ratios...
Basin-centered gas evaluated in Dnieper-Donets basin, Donbas foldbelt, Ukraine
B. E. Law, G. F. Ulmishek, J.L. Clayton, B.P. Kabyshev, N.T. Pashova, V.A. Krivosheya
1998, Oil & Gas Journal (96) 74-78
An evaluation of thermal maturity, pore pressures, source rocks, reservoir quality, present-day temperatures, and fluid recovery data indicates the presence of a large basin-centered gas accumulation in the Dnieper-Donets basin (DDB) and Donbas foldbelt (DF) of eastern Ukraine (Fig. 1)....
Winter and early spring CO2 efflux from tundra communities of northern Alaska
J. T. Fahnestock, M.H. Jones, P. D. Brooks, D.A. Walker, J.M. Welker
1998, Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres (103) 29023-29027
Carbon dioxide concentrations through snow were measured in different arctic tundra communities on the North Slope of Alaska during winter and early spring of 1996. Subnivean CO2 concentrations were always higher than atmospheric CO2. A steady state diffusion model was used to generate conservative estimates of CO2 flux to the atmosphere. The...
Relation of usage to the occurrence of cotton and rice herbicides in three streams of the Mississippi delta
R.H. Coupe, E.M. Thurman, L.R. Zimmerman
1998, Environmental Science & Technology (32) 3673-3680
During the 1995 growing season water samples were collected from three streams in the Mississippi delta and were analyzed for selected cotton and rice herbicides and metabolites. The purpose of the study was to relate the use of these herbicides to their occurrence in streams of the...
Characterization of toxic conditions above Wilson's Creek National Battlefield Park, Missouri
T.S. Pulley, D.W.R. Nimmo, J.D. Tessari
1998, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (34) 1087-1098
ABSTRACT: Wilson's Creek has an extensive history of toxicity from both point and nonpoint sources. Seven-day chronic daphnid (Ceriodaphnia dubia) bioassays identified one toxic site in the Wilson's Creek watershed. Procedures for the characterization phase of a Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE) were modified for chronic assessment and performed on four water...
