Destriping of Landsat MSS images by filtering techniques
Jeng-Jong Pan, Chein-I Chang
1992, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (58) 1417-1423
The removal of striping noise encountered in the Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS) images can be generally done by using frequency filtering techniques. Frequency domain filtering has, however, several problems, such as storage limitation of data required for fast Fourier transforms, ringing artifacts appearing at high-intensity discontinuities, and edge effects between...
A technique for the reduction of banding in Landsat Thematic Mapper Images
Dennis L. Helder, Bruce K. Quirk, Joy J. Hood
1992, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (58) 1425-1431
The radiometric difference between forward and reverse scans in Landsat thematic mapper (TM) images, referred to as "banding," can create problems when enhancing the image for interpretation or when performing quantitative studies. Recent research has led to the development of a method that reduces the banding in Landsat TM data...
The use of freshwater and saltwater animals to distinguish between the toxic effects of salinity and contaminants in irrigation drain water
Christopher G. Ingersoll, F.J. Dwyer, S.A. Burch, M.K. Nelson, D.R. Buckler, J. B. Hunn
1992, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (11) 503-511
Irrigation drain waters entering Stillwater Wildlife Management Area (SWMA) in south-western Nevada contain elevated levels of salinity and several inorganic contaminants (As, B, Cu, Li, Mo, and Sr). Mortalities of fish and waterfowl at the management area are believed to be associated with the poor water quality of the drains....
Alternative natural gas contract and pricing structures and incentives of the LNG industry
Emil D. Attanasi
1991, Natural Resources Forum (15) 190-201
Gas conversion to liquefied gas (LNG) and transport by LNG tankers is one option for meeting expanding gas consumption and for gas traded internationally. This paper examines the impact of the traditional gas contract provisions of indefinite pricing, market out price ceilings, and take‐or‐pay requirements on the profitability of LNG...
Change-in-ratio estimators for populations with more than two subclasses
Mark S. Udevitz, Kenneth H. Pollock
1991, Biometrics (47) 1531-1546
Change-in-ratio methods have been developed to estimate the size of populations with two or three population subclasses. Most of these methods require the often unreasonable assumption of equal sampling probabilities for individuals in all subclasses. This paper presents new models based on the weaker assumption that ratios of sampling probabilities...
Geophysical studies of the West Antarctic rift system
John C. Behrendt, W.E. LeMasurier, A. K. Cooper, Franz Tessensohn, A. Trehu, D. Damaske
1991, Tectonics (10) 1257-1273
The West Antarctic rift system extends over a 3000 × 750 km, largely ice covered area from the Ross Sea to the base of the Antarctic Peninsula, comparable in area to the Basin and Range and the East African rift system. A spectacular rift shoulder scarp along which peaks reach...
Flight performance, energetics and water turnover of tippler pigeons with a harness and dorsal load
J.A. Gessaman, G.W. Workman, M.R. Fuller
1991, Condor (93) 546-554
We measured carbon dioxide production and water efflux of 12 tippler pigeons (Columba spp.) during seven experimental flights using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method. Prior to the experiment birds were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group flew as controls (no load or harness) on all seven...
Multifragment alleles in DNA fingerprints of the parrot, Amazona ventralis
M.K. Brock, B.N. White
1991, Journal of Heredity (82) 209-212
Human DNA probes that identify variable numbers of tandem repeat loci are being used to generate DNA fingerprints in many animal and plant species. In most species the majority of the sc rable autoradiographic bands of the DNA fingerprint represent alleles from numerous unlinked loci. This study was initiated to...
Approaches to the conservation of coastal wetlands in the Western Hemisphere
K.L. Bildstein, G.T. Bancroft, P.J. Dugan, D.H. Gordon, R.M. Erwin, E. Nol, L.X. Payne, Stanley E. Senner
1991, The Wilson Bulletin (103) 218-254
Coastal wetlands rank among the most productive and ecologically valuable natural ecosystems on Earth. Unfortunately, they are also some of the most disturbed. Because they are productive and can serve as transportation arteries, coastal wetlands have long attracted human settlement. More than half of the U.S. population currently lives within...
Observations at convergent margins concerning sediment subduction, subduction erosion, and the growth of continental crust
Roland E. von Huene, D.W. Scholl
1991, Reviews of Geophysics (29) 279-316
At ocean margins where two plates converge, the oceanic plate sinks or is subducted beneath an upper one topped by a layer of terrestrial crust. This crust is constructed of continental or island arc material. The subduction process either builds juvenile masses of terrestrial crust through arc volcanism or new...
Dating lacustrine episodes in the eastern Sahara by the epimerization of isoleucine in ostrich eggshells
G. H. Miller, F. Wendorf, R. Ernst, R. Schild, A.E. Close, I. Friedman, H.P. Schwarcz
1991, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (84) 175-189
The eggshell of the African ostrich, Struthio camelus, closely approximates a closed system for the retention of indigenous proteinaceous residues. Epimerization of the protein amino acid isoleucine follows linear first-order kinetics in laboratory simulations nearly to racemic equilibrium, and the variation in D/L ratio within a single fragment, or between fragments...
Age and petrology of the Tertiary As Sarat volcanic field, southwestern Saudi Arabia
Edward A. du Bray, Douglas B. Stoeser, Edwin D. McKee
1991, Tectonophysics (198) 155-180
Harrat As Sarat forms the second smallest and southernmost of the basalt fields of western Saudi Arabia and is part of a voluminous Red Sea rift-related continental alkali basalt province. The rocks of the As Sarat were emplaced during the first stage of Red Sea rifting and represent the northernmost...
Steady- and non-steady-state carbonate-silicate controls on atmospheric CO2
E.T. Sundquist
1991, Quaternary Science Reviews (10) 283-296
Two contrasting hypotheses have recently been proposed for the past long-term relation between atmospheric CO2 and the carbonate-silicate geochemical cycle. One approach (Berner, 1990) suggests that CO2 levels have varied in a manner that has maintained chemical weathering and carbonate sedimentation at a steady state with respect to tectonically controlled decarbonation reactions....
Impact of exploratory wells, offshore Florida: A biological assessment
Phillip A. Dustan, Barbara H. Lidz, Eugene A. Shinn
1991, Bulletin of Marine Science (48) 94-124
Seven offshore exploratory oil well sites were examined in an effort to determine the ecological impact of exploratory drilling on the subtropical marine ecosystems of southern Florida, including seagrass beds and coral reefs. The time since drilling ranged from 2 to 29 years; water depths varied between 5 and 70...
Transient eddy formation around headlands
Richard P. Signell, W. Rockwell Geyer
1991, Journal of Geophysical Research (96) 2561-2575
Eddies with length scales of 1-10 km are commonly observed in coastal waters and play an important role in the...
Numerical simulations of hydrothermal circulation resulting from basalt intrusions in a buried spreading center
A.T. Fisher, T.N. Narasimhan
1991, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (103) 100-115
A two-dimensional, one by two-kilometer section through the seafloor was simulated with a numerical model to investigate coupled fluid and heat flow resulting from basalt intrusions in a buried spreading center. Boundary and initial conditions and physical properties of both sediments and basalt were constrained by field surveys and drilling...
Late Devonian history of Michigan basin
R.C. Gutschick, Charles Sandberg
1991, Special Paper of the Geological Society of America (256) 181-202
The Upper Devonian sequence in the Michigan Basin is a westward extension of coeval cyclical facies of the Catskill deltaic complex in the Appalachian basin. Both basins and the intervening Findlay arch express the tectonic and sedimentational effects of foreland compression and isostatic compensation produced by the Acadian orogeny. The...
Upper Devonian biostratigraphy of Michigan Basin
R.C. Gutschick, Charles Sandberg
1991, GSA Special Papers (256) 179
The Late Devonian Michigan Basin was floored by the Middle and Upper Devonian Squaw Bay Limestone, which was deposited during the downwarping that produced the basin within a former Middle Devonian carbonate platform. The Squaw Bay comprises three beds, each having a different conodont fauna. The two upper beds, deposited...
Historic creep rate and potential for seismic slip along the Hayward Fault, California
J. J. Lienkaemper, G. Borchardt, M. Lisowski
1991, Journal of Geophysical Research (96) 18261-18283
The Hayward fault is considered the most likely source of one or more major earthquakes in the San Francisco Bay area in the next few decades. Historically, at least one, and probably two, major earthquakes (about M 6.8) occurred along the Hayward fault, one in 1836 and another in 1868. Little is...
Low-cost field estimation of yellow perch daily ration
R.S. Hayward, F. Joseph Margraf, D.L. Parrish, B. Vondracek
1991, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (120) 589-604
We used 2 yearsˈ diel food weight data from stomachs of Lake Erie yellow perch Perca flavescens to make Elliott‐Persson (E–P) estimates of daily ration and to construct consumption response surface (CRS) regression models. The CRS models provided relatively accurate, low‐cost estimates of daily ration from only one to four fish collections...
Seismic evidence for magma in the vicinity of Mt. Katmai, Alaska
Peter L. Ward, Andrew M. Pitt, Eliot Endo
1991, Geophysical Research Letters (18) 1537-1540
P-wave traveltime delays of as much as 0.9 sec are consistently observed at one seismic station from local and regional earthquakes 70 to 150 km deep. This station is on the southwest flank of Mt. Trident, the most recently active volcano within Katmai National Park, Alaska. Delays from local shallow...
A method for the concentration of fine-grained rutile (TiO2) from sediment and sedimentary rocks by chemical leaching
Judith A. Commeau, Page C. Valentine
1991, Economic Geology (86) 878-882
Quaternary marine sediment in the Gulf of Maine basins contains 0.7 to 1.0 wt percent TiO2 (determined by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry). Most of this TiO2 exists in the form of silt-size rutile crystals that are visible by using the petrographic microscope with transmitted light (Valentine and Commeau, 1990). The identification...
Evaluation of hydraulic conductivities calculated from multi-port permeameter measurements
Steven H. Wolf, Michael A. Celia, Kathryn M. Hess
1991, Groundwater (29) 516-525
A multiport permeameter was developed for use in estimating hydraulic conductivity over intact sections of aquifer core using the core liner as the permeameter body. Six cores obtained from one borehole through the upper 9 m of a stratified glacial-outwash aquifer were used to evaluate the reliability of the permeameter....
Torsional response of unique building
Mehmet Celebi, E. Safak, N. Youssef
1991, Journal of Structural Engineering (117) 1549-1566
Acceleration response records obtained during the October 1, 1987 Whittier‐Narrows earthquake (Ms=5.6)">(Ms=5.6) from the 32‐story, vertically...
Sampling design for groundwater solute transport: Tests of methods and analysis of Cape Cod tracer test data
Debra S. Knopman, Clifford I. Voss, Stephen P. Garabedian
1991, Water Resources Research (27) 925-949
Tests of a one-dimensional sampling design methodology on measurements of bromide concentration collected during the natural gradient tracer test conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, demonstrate its efficacy for field studies of solute transport in groundwater and the utility of one-dimensional analysis. The methodology was applied...
