Quantifying and visualizing 32 years of agricultural land use change in Kabul, Afghanistan
Jessica D. DeWitt, Kathleen M Boston, Marissa Ann Alessi, Peter G. Chirico
2022, Journal of Maps (18) 352-361
Agriculture is a key element of Afghanistan’s economy and plays an essential role supporting the expanding population and urban development of Kabul, the country’s capital. Over the past decades the urban landscape has changed substantially and agricultural land use has shifted in its extent, location, and density. Identifying trends in...
The applicability of time-integrated unit stream power for estimating bridge pier scour using noncontact methods in a gravel-bed river
Laura A. Hempel, Helen F. Malenda, John W, Fulton, Mark F. Henneberg, Jay Cederberg, Tommaso Moramarco
2022, Remote Sensing (14)
In near-field remote sensing, noncontact methods (radars) that measure stage and surface water velocity have the potential to supplement traditional bridge scour monitoring tools because they are safer to access and are less likely to be damaged compared with in-stream sensors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the...
Evaluating the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission to bats in the context of wildlife research, rehabilitation, and control
Jonathan D. Cook, Evan H. Campbell Grant, Jeremy T. H. Coleman, Jonathan M. Sleeman, Michael C. Runge
2022, Wildlife Society Bulletin (46)
Preventing wildlife disease outbreaks is a priority for natural resource agencies, and management decisions can be urgent, especially in epidemic circumstances. With the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, wildlife agencies were concerned whether the activities they authorize might increase the risk of viral transmission from humans to North American bats, but had...
Restoration for resilience: The role of plant-microbial interactions and seed provenance in ecological restoration
Jennifer Larson, Robert Venette, Diane L. Larson
2022, Natural Areas Journal (42) 152-159
With global efforts to restore grassland ecosystems, researchers and land management practitioners are working to reconstruct habitat that will persist and withstand stresses associated with climate change. Part of these efforts involve movement of plant material potentially adapted to future climate conditions from native habitat...
Identification of supraoptimal temperatures in juvenile blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis) using survival, growth rate and scaled energy reserves
Lian Guo, Adrian Jordaan, Eric T. Schultz, Stephen D. McCormick
2022, Conservation Physiology (10)
For young fishes, growth of somatic tissues and energy reserves are critical steps for survival and progressing to subsequent life stages. When thermal regimes become supraoptimal, routine metabolic rates increase and leave less energy for young fish to maintain fitness-based activities and, in the case of anadromous fishes, less...
Central Andean (28–34°S) flood record 0–25 ka from Salinas del Bebedero, Argentina
Jay Quade, Elad Dente, Allison Cartwright, Adam M. Hudson, Sebastian Jimenez, David McGee
2022, Quaternary Research (109) 102-127
The Salinas del Bebedero occupies an isolated basin in the foreland of central Argentina at 33°S and was flooded repeatedly over past 25 ka. Isotopic evidence demonstrates that this flooding was due to overflow of the nearby Río Desaguadero with waters derived from the distant (≥300 km)...
Integrated hydrologic model development and postprocessing for GSFLOW using pyGSFLOW
Joshua Larsen, Ayman H. Alzraiee, Richard G. Niswonger
2022, Journal of Open Source Software (7)
pyGSFLOW is a python package designed to create new GSFLOW integrated hydrologic models, read existing models, edit model input data, run GSFLOW models, process output, and visualize model data....
Population viability analysis for a pond-breeding amphibian under future drought scenarios in the southeastern United States
Brian A. Crawford, John C. Maerz, Vanessa C. K. Terrell, Clinton T. Moore
2022, Global Ecology and Conservation (36)
Climate change effects are contributing to widespread declines of amphibians, and pond-breeding species may be particularly sensitive to future drought conditions that restrict wetland hydroperiods and decrease opportunities for successful breeding and recruitment. Pond-breeding amphibian populations can compensate for periodic droughts via episodic booms in recruitment,...
Pre-breeding foraging ecology of three tern species nesting in the Gulf of Maine
Rachel M. Bratton, Henry Legett, Paula Shannon, Keenan Yakola, Alexander R. Gerson, Michelle Staudinger
2022, Avian Conservation and Ecology (17)
A variety of seabird species migrate annually from wintering grounds in the Southern Hemisphere to the Gulf of Maine, USA to breed and raise their young. Post-migration, adult seabirds depend on the spatio-temporal match of reliable food resources to replenish energy reserves before breeding. However, the conditions during this critical...
Range-wide persistence of the endangered arroyo toad (Anaxyrus californicus) for 20+ years following a prolonged drought
Cynthia Joan Hitchcock, Elizabeth Gallegos, Adam R. Backlin, Russell Barabe, Peter H. Bloom, Kimberly Boss, Cheryl S. Brehme, Christopher W. Brown, Denise Clark, Elizabeth R. Clark, Kevin Cooper, Julie Donnell, Edward L Ervin, Peter Famolaro, Kim M. Guilliam, Jaquelyn Hancock, Nicholas Hess, Steven Howard, Valerie Hubbartt, Patrick Lieske, Robert E. Lovich, Tritia Matsuda, Katherin Meyer-Wilkins, Kamarul Muri, Barry Nerhus, Jeffrey A. Nordland, Brock Ortega, Robert Packard, Ruben Ramirez, Sam C. Stewart, Samuel Sweet, Manna L. Warburton, Jeffrey Wells, Ryan Winkleman, Kirsten Winter, Brian Zitt, Robert N. Fisher
2022, Ecology and Evolution (12)
Prolonged drought due to climate change has negatively impacted amphibians in southern California, U.S.A. Due to the severity and length of the current drought, agencies and researchers had growing concern for the persistence of the arroyo toad (Anaxyrus californicus), an endangered endemic amphibian in this region. Range-wide surveys for this...
Sensitivity of headwater streamflow to thawing permafrost and vegetation change in a warming Arctic
Joshua C. Koch, Ylva Sjoberg, Jonathan A. O’Donnell, Michael P. Carey, Pamela Sullivan, A. Terskaia
2022, Environmental Research Letters (17)
Climate change has the potential to impact headwater streams in the Arctic by thawing permafrost and subsequently altering hydrologic regimes and vegetation distribution, physiognomy and productivity. Permafrost thaw and increased subsurface flow have been inferred from the chemistry of large rivers, but there is limited empirical evidence of the impacts...
Improving the Development Pipelines for USGS Earthquake Hazards Program Real-Time and Scenario Products
Brad T. Aagaard, David J. Wald, Eric M. Thompson, Mike Hearne, Lisa Sue Schleicher
2022, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 12th National Conference on Earthquake Engineering
The real-time and scenario products of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earthquake Hazards Program, such as the ComCat catalog, Did You Feel It?, ShakeMap, ShakeCast, and PAGER, are highly visible and used by a wide variety of stakeholders. We propose two significant enhancements to the development pipelines for the Earthquake...
The economic effects of the HayWired Scenario using the association of Bay Area governments regional growth forecast—A focus on network disruption and resilience
Cynthia Kroll, Bobby Lu, Anne Wein, Aksel Olsen
2022, Conference Paper
This paper describes how impacts to infrastructure networks within the San Francisco Bay Area may exacerbate the effects of building damage and how policies addressing these networks can improve resilience before and after the earthquake. The analysis uses existing modeling techniques...
Methanogenic archaea in subsurface coal seams are biogeographically distinct: An analysis of metagenomically-derived mcrA sequences
Bronwyn C Campbell, Paul Greenfield, Gong, Elliott Barnhart, David J. Midgley, Ian T. Paulsen, Simon C. George
2022, Environmental Microbiology (24) 4065-4078
The production of methane as an end-product of organic matter degradation in the absence of other terminal electron acceptors is common, and has often been studied in environments such as animal guts, soils, and wetlands due to its potency as a greenhouse gas. To date however, the study of the...
Extreme rainstorms drive exceptional organic carbon export from forested humid-tropical rivers in Puerto Rico
Kasey E. Clark, Robert Stallard, Sheila F. Murphy, Martha A. Scholl, Grizelle Gonzalez, Alain F. Plante, William H. McDowell
2022, Nature Communications (13)
Extreme rainfall events in the humid-tropical Luquillo Mountains, Puerto Rico export the bulk of suspended sediment and particulate organic carbon. Using 25 years of river carbon and suspended sediment data, which targeted hurricanes and other large rainstorms, we estimated biogenic particulate organic carbon yields of 65 ± 16...
Noninvasive sampling of mountain lion hair using modified foothold traps
Tricia S. Rossettie, Travis W. Perry, James W. Cain III
2022, Wildlife Society Bulletin (46)
Genetic analysis of non-invasively obtained samples is an increasingly affordable option for many wildlife studies, but it has remained difficult to obtain high-quality samples from many species. We modified 8” Belisle foot snares (Belisle Enterprises, Quebec, Canada) to non-invasively obtain mountain lion (Puma concolor) hair samples in unbaited trail sets....
System characterization report on PRecursore IperSpettrale della Missione Applicativa (PRISMA)
Minsu Kim, Seonkyung Park, Cody Anderson, Gregory L. Stensaas
2022, Open-File Report 2021-1030-K
Executive SummaryThis report addresses system characterization of the Italian Space Agency’s PRecursore IperSpettrale della Missione Applicativa (PRISMA) and is part of a series of system characterization reports produced and delivered by the U.S. Geological Survey Earth Resources Observation and Science Cal/Val Center of Excellence. These reports present and detail the...
Development of continuous bathymetry and two-dimensional hydraulic models for the Willamette River, Oregon
James S. White, J. Rose Wallick
2022, Scientific Investigations Report 2022-5025
The Willamette River is home to at least 69 species of fish, 33 of which are native, including Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss). These fish need suitable hydraulic conditions, such as water depth and velocity, to fulfill various stages of their life. Hydraulic conditions are driven...
Introduction to the Delta Smelt flow alteration white papers
Larry R. Brown
2022, Book chapter, IEP technical report #98: White papers providing a synthesis of knowledge relating to Delta Smelt biology in the San Francisco Estuary, emphasizing effects of flow
The management of the quantity and timing of freshwater flow into and through the San Francisco Estuary (SFE) is a perennial source of controversy in California. It is well known that freshwater outflow is a major environmental driver in estuarine ecosystems, including the SFE. However, the estuary is also the...
Dynamic abiotic habitat
Larry R. Brown, Steven B. Slater, Michael L. MacWilliams
2022, Book chapter, IEP technical report #98: White papers providing a synthesis of knowledge relating to Delta Smelt biology in the San Francisco Estuary, emphasizing effects of flow
The factors affecting an organism can be divided into two general classes, abiotic and biotic. Abiotic factors include features of the physical and chemical environment, such as climate, water movement, and many aspects of water quality. Biotic factors refer to those involving living organisms and their interactions, such as the...
Conceptual models of groundwater flow in the Grand Canyon region, Arizona
Jacob E. Knight, Peter W. Huntoon
2022, Scientific Investigations Report 2022-5037
The conceptual models of groundwater flow outlined herein synthesize what is known and hypothesized about the groundwater-flow systems that discharge to the Grand Canyon of Arizona. These models interpret the hydrogeologic characteristics and hydrologic dynamics of the physical systems into a framework for understanding key aspects of the physical systems...
Harmful algal blooms in the Alaskan Arctic: An emerging threat as oceans warm
Donald Anderson, Evangeline Fachon, Katherine Hubbard, Kathi Lefebvre, Peigen Lin, Robert Pickart, Mindy Richlen, Gay Sheffield, Caroline R. Van Hemert
2022, Oceanography (35)
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) present an emerging threat to human and ecosystem health in the Alaskan Arctic. Two HAB toxins are of concern in the region: saxitoxins (STXs), a family of compounds produced by the dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella, and domoic acid (DA), produced by multiple species in the diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia. These...
Detection of Splendidofilaria sp. (Onchocercidae:Splendidofilariinae) Microfilaria within Alaskan ground-dwelling birds in the grouse subfamily tetraoninae using taqman probe-based real-time PCR
Stephen E. Greiman, Robert E. Wilson, Briana Sesmundo, Jack Reakoff, Sarah A. Sonsthagen
2022, Journal of Parasitology (108) 192-198
Grouse and ptarmigan (Galliformes) harbor fairly diverse helminth faunas that can impact the host's health, including filarial nematodes in the genus Splendidofilaria. As host and parasite distributions are predicted to shift in response to recent climate change, novel parasites may be introduced into a region...
Great diversity of KSα sequences from bat-associated microbiota suggests novel sources of uncharacterized natural products
Paris S. Hamm, Jennifer J.M. Hathaway, Ara S. Winter, Nicole A. Caimi, Debbie C. Buecher, Ernest W. Valdez, Diana E. Northup
2022, FEMS Microbiology Ecology (3)
Polyketide synthases (PKSs) are multidomain enzymes in microorganisms that synthesize complex, bioactive molecules. PKS II systems are iterative, containing only a single representative of each domain: ketosynthase alpha (KSα">α�), ketosynthase beta and the acyl carrier protein....
A review of empirical evidence that examines the effectiveness of harvest regulation evaluations in freshwater systems: A systematic, standardized collaborative approach
Kristen Chestnut- Faull, Martha E. Mather, Quinton Phelps, Dan Shoup
2022, Fisheries Magazine (47) 423-434
Harvest regulations are important tools that fisheries professionals use to impact fish abundance, alter population size structure, and improve fishing opportunities. Fisheries professionals often assume that specialized harvest regulations will have specific effects on target fish populations, but these predictions are not always realized because...
