Watershed responses to climate change at Glacier National Park
D.B. Fagre, P.L. Comanor, J.D. White, F. Richard Hauer, S. W. Running
1997, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (33) 755-765
We have developed an approach which examines ecosystem function and the potential effects of climatic shifts. The Lake McDonald watershed of Glacier National Park was the focus for two linked research activities: acquisition of baseline data on hydrologic, chemical and aquatic organism attributes that characterize this pristine northern rocky mountain...
A mechanism for negative gene regulation in Autographa californica multinucleocapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus
D.J. Leisy, C. Rasmussen, E.O. Owusu, G.F. Rohrmann
1997, Journal of Virology (71) 5088-5094
The Autographa californica multinucleocapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) ie-1 gene product (IE-1) is thought to play a central role in stimulating early viral transcription. IE-1 has been demonstrated to activate several early viral gene promoters and to negatively regulate the promoters of two other AcMNPV regulatory genes, ie-0 and ie-2....
Unnatural isotopic composition of lithium reagents
H. P. Qi, Tyler B. Coplen, Q. Zh Wang, Y. #NAME? Wang
1997, Analytical Chemistry (69) 4076-4078
Isotopic analysis of 39 lithium reagents from several manufacturers indicates that seven were artificially depleted in 6Li significantly in excess of the variation found in terrestrial materials. The atomic weight of lithium in analyzed reagents ranged from 6.939 to 6.996, and δ7Li, reported relative to L-SVEC lithium carbonate, ranged from −11...
Moment-tensor solutions estimated using optimal filter theory: Global seismicity, 1995
S.A. Sipkin, M.D. Zirbes
1997, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors (101) 291-301
Moment-tensor solutions, estimated using optimal filter theory, are listed for 241 moderate-to-large size earthquakes that occurred during 1995. ?? 1997 Published by Elsevier Science B.V....
Paleochemistry of Lakes Agassiz and Manitoba based on ostracodes
B. Brandon Curry
1997, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (34) 699-708
The ionic composition and salinity of Lake Manitoba and its late-glacial precursor, Lake Agassiz, changed significantly over the past 11 000 years. The paleochemical record reported here is based on modern analog environments of ostracodes identified in a new 14.5 m core from southern Lake Manitoba. The ionic composition of Lake Manitoba...
A rapidly deposited pennate diatom ooze in Upper Miocene-Lower Pliocene sediment beneath the North Pacific polar front
G.R. Dickens, J.A. Barron
1997, Marine Micropaleontology (31) 177-182
Rapidly deposited Thalassionema-Thalassiothrix pennate diatom oozes previously have been described in Upper Miocene-Lower Pliocene sediment beneath the frontal boundary of the eastern equatorial Pacific. Here we document a new occurrence of Thalassionema-Thalassiothrix ooze in Upper Miocene Lower Pliocene sediment beneath the frontal boundary of the subarctic North Pacific. The ooze...
Occurrence and flux of selected pesticides in surface water of the upper snake River Basin, Idaho and western Wyoming
G. M. Clark
1997, Journal of Soil and Water Conservation (52) 381-388
During May and June 1994, 37 water samples were collected at 31 sites in the upper Snake River Basin and analyzed for 83 pesticides and pesticide metabolites. EPTC, atrazine, and the atrazine metabolite deethylated atrazine were the most frequently detected and were found in 30, 20, and 13 of the...
Evaluation of unconfined-aquifer parameters from pumping test data by nonlinear least squares
M. Heidari, A. Moench
1997, Journal of Hydrology (192) 300-313
Nonlinear least squares (NLS) with automatic differentiation was used to estimate aquifer parameters from drawdown data obtained from published pumping tests conducted in homogeneous, water-table aquifers. The method is based on a technique that seeks to minimize the squares of residuals between observed and calculated drawdown subject to bounds that...
The role of mesocosm studies in ecological risk analysis
Terence P. Boyle, James F. Fairchild
1997, Ecological Applications (7) 1099-1102
Mesocosms have been primarily used as research tools for the evaluation of the fate and effects of xenobiotic chemicals at the population, community, and ecosystem levels of biological organization. This paper provides suggestions for future applications of mesocosm research. Attention should be given to the configuration of mesocosm parameters to...
Multiphase flow modeling of a crude-oil spill site with a bimodal permeability distribution
Leslie A. Dillard, Hedeff I. Essaid, William N. Herkelrath
1997, Water Resources Research (33) 1617-1632
Fluid saturation, particle-size distribution, and porosity measurements were obtained from 269 core samples collected from six boreholes along a 90-m transect at a subregion of a crude-oil spill site, the north pool, near Bemidji, Minnesota. The oil saturation data, collected 11 years after the spill, showed an irregularly shaped oil...
Multistory duplexes with forward dipping roofs, north central Brooks Range, Alaska
W. K. Wallace, Thomas E. Moore, George Plafker
1997, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (102) 20773-20796
The Endicott Mountains allochthon has been thrust far northward over the North Slope parautochthon in the northern Brooks Range. Progressively younger units are exposed northward within the allochthon. To the south, the incompetent Hunt Fork Shale has thickened internally by asymmetric folds and thrust faults. Northward, the competent Kanayut Conglomerate...
Distribution of terminal electron-accepting processes in an aquifer having multiple contaminant sources
P.B. McMahon, B. W. Bruce
1997, Applied Geochemistry (12) 507-516
Concentrations of electron acceptors, electron donors, and H2 in groundwater were measured to determine the distribution of terminal electron-accepting processes (TEAPs) in an alluvial aquifer having multiple contaminant sources. Upgradient contaminant sources included two separate hydrocarbon point sources, one of which contained the fuel oxygenate methyl tertbutyl ether (MTBE). Infiltrating...
Recent developments in the reclamation of surface mined lands
K.D. Sharma, L. P. Gough, S. Kumar, B.K. Sharma, S.K. Saxena
1997, Annals of Arid Zone (36) 311-326
A broad review of mine land reclamation problems and challenges in arid lands is presented with special emphasis on work recently completed in India. The economics of mining in the Indian Desert is second only to agriculture in importance. Lands disturbed by mining, however, have only recently been the focus...
Effects of unsaturated zone on aquifer test analysis in a shallow-aquifer system
K. J. Halford
1997, Groundwater (35) 512-522
A comparison between two hypothetical flow models of an unconfined aquifer, one saturated and the other variably saturated, indicates that the variably saturated model which explicitly models drainage from the unsaturated zone provides a better conceptual framework for analyzing unconfined aquifer test data and better estimates of the lateral and...
Comparison of satellite-derived with ground-based measurements of the fluctuations of the margins of Vatnajökull, Iceland, 1973–92
Richard S. Williams Jr., Dorothy K. Hall, Oddur Sigurdsson, Janet Y.L. Chien
1997, Annals of Glaciology (24) 72-80
Vatnajökull, Iceland, is the Earth’s most studied ice cap and represents a classical glaciological field site on the basis of S. Pálsson’s seminal glaciological field research in the late 18th century. Since the 19th century, Vatnajökull has been the focus of an array of glaciological studies by scientists from many...
Arsenic and lead concentrations in the Pond Creek and Fire Clay coal beds, eastern Kentucky coal field
J.C. Hower, J.D. Robertson, A.S. Wong, C.F. Eble, L.F. Ruppert
1997, Applied Geochemistry (12) 281-289
The Middle Pennsylvanian Breathitt Formation (Westphalian B) Pond Creek and Fire Clay coal beds are the 2 largest producing coal beds in eastern Kentucky. Single channel samples from 22 localities in the Pond Creek coal bed were obtained from active coal mines in Pike and Martin Countries, Kentucky, and a...
Response characteristics of DOC flushing in an alpine catchment
E.W. Boyer, G.M. Hornberger, K.E. Bencala, Diane M. McKnight
1997, Hydrological Processes (11) 1635-1647
The spatial distribution of source areas and associated residence times of water in the catchment are significant factors controlling the annual cycles of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration in Deer Creek (Summit County, Colorado). During spring snowmelt (April-August 1992), stream DOC concentrations increased with the rising limb of the hydrograph,...
Stream bed temperature profiles as indicators of percolation characteristics beneath arroyos in the middle Rio Grande Basin, USA
J. Constantz, C. L. Thomas
1997, Hydrological Processes (11) 1621-1634
Stream bed temperature profiles were monitored continuously during water year 1990 and 1991 (WY90 and 91) in two New Mexico arroyos, similar in their meteorological features and dissimilar in their hydrological features. Stream bed temperature profiles between depths of 30 and 300 cm were examined to determine whether temporal changes...
Debris-flow mobilization from landslides
Richard M. Iverson, Mark E. Reid, Richard G. Lahusen
1997, Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences (25) 85-138
Field observations, laboratory experiments, and theoretical analyses indicate that landslides mobilize to form debris flows by three processes: (a) widespread Coulomb failure within a sloping soil, rock, or sediment mass, (b) partial or complete liquefaction of the mass by high pore-fluid pressures, and (c) conversion of landslide translational energy to...
Onset of thermally induced gas convection in mine wastes
N. Lu, Y. Zhang
1997, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer (40) 2621-2636
A mine waste dump in which active oxidation of pyritic materials occurs can generate a large amount of heat to form convection cells. We analyze the onset of thermal convection in a two-dimensional, infinite horizontal layer of waste rock filled with moist gas, with the top surface of the waste...
Initiation and growth of gypsum piercement structures in the Zechstein Basin
S. C. Williams-Stroud, J. Paul
1997, Journal of Structural Geology (19) 897-907
The importance of tectonic processes in initiating halite diapirs has become much better understood in recent years. Less well understood is the development of diapiric structures involving rocks composed predominantly of gypsum. Below about 1000 m, gypsum dehydrates to anhydrite, which...
Sex, turtles and climate change
J.E. Lovich
1997, People, Land, and Water (4) 12
No abstract available at this time...
Preliminary assessment of the occurrence and possible sources of MTBE in groundwater in the United States, 1993-1994
P.T. Squillace, J.S. Zogorski, W. G. Wilber, C. V. Price
1997, ACS Division of Environmental Chemistry, Preprints (37) 372-374
The 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments require fuel oxygenates to be added to gasoline used in some metropolitan areas to reduce atmospheric concentrations of carbon monoxide or ozone. Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), is the most commonly used fuel oxygenate and is a relatively new gasoline additive. Nevertheless, out of 60...
Inorganic geochemical indicators of glacial-interglacial changes in productivity and anoxia on the California continental margin
W.E. Dean, J.V. Gardner, D.Z. Piper
1997, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (61) 4507-4518
Evidence from sediments in cores collected from within the present oxygen-minimum zone (OMZ; 600–1200 m) on the central and northern California margins record several episodes during the last interstadial (OIS-3, ca. 60-24 ka) of deposition of laminated sediments containing elevated concentrations of several trace elements indicative of anoxic conditions (e.g.,...
Evidence for water influx from a caldera lake during the explosive hydromagmatic eruption of 1790, Kilauea volcano, Hawaii
L.G. Mastin
1997, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (102) 20093-20109
In 1790 a major hydromagmatic eruption at the summit of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii, deposited up to 10 m of pyroclastic fall and surge deposits and killed several dozen Hawaiian natives who were crossing the island. Previous studies have hypothesized that the explosivity of this eruption was due to the influx...
