Biochemical and hematological effects of lead ingestion in nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius)
D. J. Hoffman, J. C. Franson, O. H. Pattee, C.M. Bunck, H. C. Murray
1985, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Comparative Pharmacology (80) 431-439
1. One-day old American kestrel (Faico sparverius) nestlings were orally dosed daily with 5 μl/g of corn oil (controls), 25, 125 or 625 mg/kg of metallic lead in corn oil for 10 days.2. Forty per cent of the nestlings receiving 625 mg/kg of lead died after 6 days and growth...
Metal contamination in wildlife living near two zinc smelters
W. N. Beyer, O. H. Pattee, L. Sileo, D. J. Hoffman, B.M. Mulhern
1985, Environmental Pollution (Series A) (38) 63-86
Wildlife in an oak forest on Blue Mountain was studied 10 km upwind (Bake Oven Knob site) and 2 km downwind (Palmerton site) of two zinc smelters in eastern Pennsylvania, USA. Previous studies at sites near these smelters had shown changes in populations of soil microflora, lichens, green plants and...
Atlantic Flyway review: Region V: Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, Prince Georges County, MD (390-0764)
Danny Bystrak
1985, North American Bird Bander (10) 56-57
This was my 4th year of banding in a powerline right-of-way that is specially managed to encourage growth of dense scrub. Nets were run for 2 to 3 hours each morning, because activity dropped off rapidly after the sun hit the nets. I banded on 79 days, from 1 August...
Growth and blood chemistry of ducklings reared on acidified wetlands
Barnett A. Rattner, G. Haramis, G. Linder, D. Chu
1985, American Zoologist (25) 17A-17A
Acid deposition is one factor that may be responsible for the decline of some waterfowl populations. Growth and physiological condition were monitored in captive-reared black ducks (Anas rubripes) exposed for 10-day trials (day 11-20 of life) on control (pH 6.8) and acidified (pH 5.0) man-made emergent wetlands. Impaired...
Optimal management strategies in variable environments: Stochastic optimal control methods
B. Kenneth Williams
1985, Journal of Environmental Management (21) 95-115
Dynamic optimization was used to investigate the optimal defoliation of salt desert shrubs in north-western Utah. Management was formulated in the context of optimal stochastic control theory, with objective functions composed of discounted or time-averaged biomass yields. Climatic variability and community patterns of salt desert...
The austral peregrine falcon: Color variation, productivity, and pesticides
D. H. Ellis
1985, National Geographic Research (1) 388-394
The austral peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus cassini) was studied in the Andean foot- hills and across the Patagonian steppe from November to December 1981. The birds under study (18 pairs) were reproducing at or near normal (pre-DDT) levels for other races. Pesticide residues, while elevated, were well below the values...
Observation of a wolf killed by a deer
M.E. Nelson, L.D. Mech
1985, Journal of Mammalogy (66) 187-188
Wolves (Canis lupus ) probably risk injury while attempting to kill large prey (Muie, 1944; Rausch, 1967; Mech, 1970; Peterson, 1977). Rausch (1967) found that numerous wolf skulls collected in a control program had sustained injuries, probably inflicted by severe blows from moose (Alces alces ). Wolves killed by prey...
Interspecific competition among Hawaiian forest birds
Stephen Mountainspring, J. M. Scott
1985, Ecological Monographs (55) 219-239
The object of this study was to determine whether interspecific competition modified local geographic distribution, after taking into account the effect of habitat structure. The tendencies for 14 passerine birds to have positive or negative associations were examined, using 7861 sample points in seven native forests on the islands of...
Environmental contamination in the oil fields of western Pennsylvania
P.H. Albers, A. A. Belisle, D. M. Swineford, R.J. Hall
1985, Oil and Petrochemical Pollution (2) 265-280
The effects on freshwater wildlife of chronic exposure to oil field discharges are not well known. Collections of wastewater, aquatic invertebrates, fish, salamanders, and small mammals were made in several streams in the oil fields of western Pennsylvania during 1980-81. Estimates of the petroleum content of two wastewater discharges were...
Recent changes in the ranges of North American birds
C.S. Robbins
V.D. Ilyichev, V.M. Gavrilov, editor(s)
1985, Book chapter, Acta XVIII Congressus Internationalis Ornithologici, volume II
The North American Breeding Bird Survey has provided an annual index of population change since 1966. About 2400 randomly distributed roadside routes of 50 three-minute stops each provide the basic data for computer analysis. One of the reports produced shows the percentage of routes on which each species is encountered...
Accretion tectonics and crustal structure in Alaska
P.J. Coney, D. L. Jones
1985, Tectonophysics (119) 265-283
The entire width of the North American Cordillera in Alaska is made up of "suspect terranes". Pre-Late Cretaceous paleogeography is poorly constrained and the ultimate origins of the many fragments which make up the state are unclear. The Prince William and Chugach terranes accreted since Late Cretaceous time and represent...
Experimental studies in natural groundwater-recharge dynamics: The analysis of observed recharge events
M. Sophocleous, C. A. Perry
1985, Journal of Hydrology (81) 297-332
The amounts and time distribution of groundwater recharge from precipitation over an approximately 19-month period were investigated at two instrumented sites in south-central Kansas. Precipitation and evapotranspiration sequences, soil-moisture profiles and storage changes, water fluxes in the unsaturated zone and hydraulic gradients in the saturated zone at various depths, soil...
Management of ground water and evolving hydrogeologic studies in New Jersey : a heavily urbanized and industrialized state in the northeastern United States
P. Patrick Leahy
1985, Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4277
New Jersey is the most densely populated and one of the most industrialized states in the United States. An abundance of freshwater and proximity to major northeastern metropolitan centers has facilitated this development. Pumpage of freshwater from all aquifers in the State in 1980 was 730 million gallons per day...
A preliminary assessment of land-surface subsidence in the El Paso area, Texas
L. F. Land, C. A. Armstrong
1985, Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4155
The northeast and southeast parts of the El Paso area are underlain by Hueco bolson deposits as much as 9,000 feet thick. The deposits consist of lenses of gravel, sand, silt, and clay. In the Rio Grande Valley, about 400 to 450 feet of these deposits have been eroded and...
Geochemical survey of the Devil's Den Roadless Area, Rutland and Windsor counties, Vermont
J. F. Slack, P.J. Atelsek, A. E. Grosz
1985, Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1626-C
The Devils Den Roadless Area comprises 8,830 acres of mountainous terrane in the Green Mountain National Forest, Rutland and Windsor Counties, Vt. (Index Map). Ludlow, the nearest large community, is approximately 7 air miles northeast of the study area. The small villages of Weston and East Wallingford are 3 to...
Test well installation and water quality, Hollywood Dump area, Memphis, Tennessee
D. D. Graham
1985, Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4214
The Hollywood Dump in north Memphis, Tennessee is known to contain hazardous wastes. Monitor wells were installed and sampled to determine if contaminants have entered the underlying Wolf River alluvium and concentrated near the base of this unconfined aquifer. Four water-quality samples were collected from each of nine monitor wells...
Effects of wetlands on quality of runoff entering lakes in the Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota
R. G. Brown
1985, Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4170
Four wetlands were compared with respect to their effectiveness in decreasing suspended solids and nutrient concentrations in runoff to lakes immediately downstream from the wetlands. An artificial impoundment in one of the wetlands increased settling of suspended solids. A decrease of nutrients in this wetland was probably the result of...
Effects of artificial recharge on the Ogallala aquifer, Texas
Richmond Flint Brown, W.S. Keys
1985, Water Supply Paper 2251
Four recharge tests were conducted by injecting water from playa lakes through wells into the Ogallala Formation. Injection was by gravity flow and by pumping under pressure. At one site, 34-acre feet of water was injected by gravity and produced a significant increase in yield of the well. At a...
Evaluation of the ground-water resources of the lower Susquehanna River basin, Pennsylvania and Maryland
James M. Gerhart, George J. Lazorchick
1985, Open-File Report 84-748
Ground water in the 3,458-square-mile lower Susquehanna River basin occupies secondary openings in bedrock. The distribution of openings is a function of lithology, depth, and topography. Local flow systems account for most of the total ground-water flow. Average annual recharge for the lower basin is 1,857 million gallons per day,...
Artesian pressures and water quality in Paleozoic aquifers in the Ten Sleep area of the Bighorn Basin, north-central Wyoming
Maurice E. Cooley
1985, Open-File Report 84-621
The major Paleozoic artesian aquifers, the aquifers most favorable for continued development, in the Ten Sleep area of the Bighorn Basin of Wyoming, are the Tensleep Sandstone, the Madison Limestone and Bighorn Dolomite (Madison-Bighorn aquifer), and the Flathead Sandstone. The minor aquifers include the Goose Egg and Park City Formations...
Water resources of the southeast lowlands, Missouri; with a section on water quality
R. R. Luckey, D. L. Fuller
1985, Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4277
The Southeast Lowlands of Missouri occupies 4,000 square miles of prime agricultural land of the Coastal Plain in the extreme southeastern corner of Missouri. Even though this area receives about 4 feet of rainfall per year, there is a rapidly increasing demand for water for irrigation. The purpose of this...
Age of biostratigraphic horizons within the Ordovician and Silurian systems
Michael J. Kunk, J. Sutter, J. D. Obradovich, Marvin A. Lanphere
1985, Geological Society Memoir (10) 89-92
Three samples that have a bearing on the age of horizons within the Ordovician and Silurian systems, two previously dated by the conventional K-Ar method and one by the 40Ar/39 Ar total-fusion method, have been reanalysed using the 40Ar/39Ar age-spectrum method. Conventional K-Ar and total-fusion 40Ar/39Ar ages can always be questioned because of the...
National Pesticide Monitoring Program: Residues of organochlorine chemicals in freshwater fish, 1980–81
Christopher J. Schmitt, James L. Zajicek, M. A. Ribick
1985, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (14) 225-260
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service analyzed residues of organochlorine chemicals in 315 composite samples of whole fish collected in 1980–81 from 107 stations nationwide as part of the National Pesticide Monitoring Program (NPMP). The mean concentrations of total DDT and allp,p′-ho-mologs exceptp,p′-DDT showed significant but...
Devonian eustatic fluctuations in Euramerica
J.G. Johnson, Gilbert Klapper, Charles Sandberg
1985, GSA Bulletin (96) 567-587
The Devonian System of Euramerica contains at least 14 transgressive-regressive (T-R) cycles of eustatic origin. These are separated into three groups (or depophases) and from Carboniferous cycles by three prominent regressions. Twelve post-Lochkovian T-R cycles are recognized, and they commonly appear to result from abrupt deepening events followed by prolonged...
Snowpack and variation in reproductive ecology of a montane ground-nesting passerine, Junco hyemalis
Kimberly G. Smith, Douglas C. Andersen
1985, Ornis Scandinavica (16) 8-13
Effects of snow depth and rate of snowmelt on reproduction of a montane ground-nesting passerine were examined in a 5-year study of Dark-eyed Juncos Junco hyemalis in northern Utah, USA. Distribution of clucth sizes differed significantly among years. Although most clutches contained four eggs, 3-egg clutches, due primarily...
