Ecological distribution and crude density of breeding birds on prairie wetlands
Harold A. Kantrud, Robert E. Stewart
1984, Journal of Wildlife Management (48) 426-437
Breeding populations of 28 species of wetland-dwelling birds other than waterfowl (Anatidae) were censused on 1,321 wetlands lying within the prairie pothole region of North Dakota. Ecological distribution and two crude measures of relative density were calculated for the 22 commonest species using eight wetland classes. Semipermanent wetlands supported nearly...
Experimental deformation of topaz crystals: Possible embrittlement by intracrystalline water
R. W. Lee, Stephen H. Kirby
1984, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (89) 4161-4166
Crystallographically oriented single‐crystal prisms of gem quality topaz (composition AlSiO (OH− F) where x = 0.04 ± 0.01) were deformed at a confining pressure of 1.50 GPa, a temperature of 800°C, and a strain rate of 2×10 s. Under nearly identical conditions, all crystals of anhydrous rock‐forming minerals that have...
Geologic evolution, sedimentation, and paleoenvironments of the Angola Basin and adjacent Walvis Ridge: Synthesis of results of Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 75
Walter E. Dean, W.W. Hay, Jean-Claude Sibuet
1984, Initial Reports of the D.S.D.P. (75) 509-544
The section recovered at Site 530 (Holes 53OA and 530B) consists of eight sedimentary units and one basalt unit. The composition of the basalt recovered in Hole 53OA is distinct from typical mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORBs) but is similar to that of Hawaiian tholeiites and basalt from the central part...
Carbonate and organic-carbon cycles and the history of upwelling at Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 532, Walvis Ridge, South Atlantic Ocean
J. Gardner, Walter E. Dean, C.R. Wilson
1984, Initial Reports of the D.S.D.P. (75) 905-921
Detailed carbonate and organic-carbon stratigraphies were constructed from samples collected every 20 cm in a 250-m hydraulic piston core recovered at DSDP Site 532 on Walvis Ridge. This sampling interval represents about one sample every 5000 yr., based on sediment accumulation rates calculated from nannofossil biostratigraphic zones. All samples were...
Shimada Seamount: An example of recent mid-plate volcanism
J. V. Gardner, Walter E. Dean, Richard J. Blakely
1984, GSA Bulletin (95) 855-862
Shimada Seamount is an isolated volcanic feature located between the Clipperton and Clarion Fracture Zones ∼1,150 km west of the East Pacific Rise and ∼600 km west of the inactive spreading center represented by the Mathematician Seamounts. It rises ∼3,900 m above the surrounding sea floor to within 50 m...
Optimal timing in biological processes
Byron K. Williams, James D. Nichols
1984, American Naturalist (123) 1-19
A general approach for obtaining solutions to a class of biological optimization problems is provided. The general problem is one of determining the appropriate time to take some action, when the action can be taken only once during some finite time frame. The approach can also be extended...
Presence and biomagnification of organochlorine chemical residues in oxbow lakes of northeastern Louisiana
K. R. Niethammer, Donald H. White, Thomas S. Baskett, M. W. Sayre
1984, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (13) 63-74
Ninety-eight samples of 16 species of animals were collected at Lake Providence, 88 samples of 15 species at Lake Bruin, and 21 samples of 5 species at Lake St. John, Louisiana, between 15 July and 25 September 1980. Residues of 13 organochlorine compounds were identified in these samples. Substantial concentrations...
Remote sensing and geophysical investigations of glacial buried valleys in northeastern Kansas
Jane E. Denne, Harold L. Yarger, P. A. Macfarlane, Ralph W. Knapp, Marios A. Sophocleous, James R. Lucas, Don W. Steeples
1984, Groundwater (22) 56-65
Aquifers found in glacial buried valleys are a major source of good-quality ground water in northeastern Kansas. The extent and character of many of these deposits are not precisely known, so a detailed study of the buried valleys was undertaken. Test drilling, Landsat imagery, shallow-earth temperature...
The use of decoys to attract Least Terns (Sterna antillarum) to abandoned colony sites in New Jersey
Natasha B. Kotliar, Joanna Burger
1984, Colonial Waterbirds (7) 134-138
The number of Least Tern colony sites in New Jersey has declined in recent years. Decoys were used at two recently abandoned Least Tern colony sites in New Jersey to encourage nesting. The sites were chosen because of their apparent suitability as colony sites and the relative ease...
Seed predation due to the yucca moth symbiosis
Jon E. Keeley, Sterling C. Keeley, C. C. Swift, J. Lee
1984, American Midland Naturalist (112) 187-191
All species of Yucca (Agavaceae) require the pollinator services of a species of moth in the genus Tegeticula (Lepidoptera: Incurvariidae). These moths oviposit in the ovary of the plants and the larvae are entirely dependent upon Yucca seeds for food. The extent and distribution of larval seed predation was examined...
Leaching of molybdenum and arsenic from uranium ore and mill tailings
E. R. Landa
1984, Hydrometallurgy (13) 203-211
A sequential, selective extraction procedure was used to assess the effects of sulfuric acid milling on the geochemical associations of molybdenum and arsenic in a uranium ore blend, and the tailings derived therefrom. The milling process removed about 21% of the molybdenum and 53% of the arsenic initially present in...
The occurrence and behavior of radium in saline formation water of the U.S. Gulf Coast region
T. F. Kraemer, D.F. Reid
1984, Chemical Geology (46) 153-174
Radium has been measured in deep saline formation waters produced from a variety of U.S. Gulf Coast subsurface environments, including oil reservoirs, gas reservoirs and water-producing geopressured aquifers. A strong positive correlation has been found between formation-water salinity and Ra...
Seismicity at Old Faithful Geyser: an isolated source of geothermal noise and possible analogue of volcanic seismicity
S. W. Kieffer
1984, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (22) 59-95
Old Faithful Geyser in Yellowstone National Park, U.S.A., is a relatively isolated source of seismic noise and exhibits seismic behavior similar to that observed at many volcanoes, including "bubblequakes" that resemble B-type "earthquakes", harmonic tremor before and during eruptions, and periods of seismic quiet prior to eruptions. Although Old Faithful...
Sedimentary structures formed in sand by surface tension on melting hailstones
D. M. Rubin, R. E. Hunter
1984, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (54) 581-582
Craters form when hailstones impact sand. When a hailstone melts, wet but unsaturated sand within the crater is attracted to the hailstone surface by surface tension. Shrinkage of the melting hailstone then produces one or more rings of sand within the impact crater.--Modified...
Current impact of DDE on black-crowned night-herons in the intermountain west
Charles J. Henny, Lawrence J. Blus, Alexander J. Krynitsky, Christine M. Bunck
1984, Journal of Wildlife Management (48) 1-13
Organochlorine contamination was studied in eight black-crowned night-heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) populations nesting in Washington, Oregon, and Nevada in 1978-80. DDE was detected in 220 eggs sampled; eggshell thickness was negatively correlated with residues of DDE and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's). Other contaminants were detected in 35% or fewer of the eggs....
Regional variations in the fluvial Upper Devonian and Lower Mississippian(?) Kanayut Conglomerate, Brooks Range, Alaska
Thomas E. Moore, T. H. Nilsen
1984, Sedimentary Geology (38) 465-497
The wholly allochthonous Upper Devonian and Lower Mississippian(?) Kanayut Conglomerate is one of the most extensive fluvial deposits in North America. It crops out for 950 km along the crest of the Brooks Range in a series of thrust plates and is as thick as 2615 m. The Kanayut forms...
A special issue devoted to massive sulfide deposits of the Appalachian-Caledonian orogen. Preface.
J. E. Gair, F.M. Vokes
1984, Economic Geology (79) 1425-1427
This issue of Economic Geology (pp 1425-1758) adds 17 reports to those earlier published by a nine-year project (No. 60) of the International Geological Correlation Programme (IGCP) on the Correlation of Caledonian Stratabound Sulphides (CCSS). The contents of the 17 reports are noted and briefly discussed in relation to one...
Subsurface injection of treated sewage into a saline-water aquifer at St. Petersburg, Florida - Aquifer pressure buildup
J.J. Hickey
1984, Ground Water (22) 48-55
The city of St. Petersburg has been testing subsurface injection of treated sewage into the Floridan aquifer as a means of eliminating discharge of sewage to surface waters and as a means of storing treated sewage for future nonpotable reuse. Treated sweage that had a mean chloride concentration of 170...
Comparative geochronology in the reversely zoned plutons of the Bottle Lake Complex, Maine: U-Pb on zircons and Rb-Sr on whole rocks
R. A. Ayuso, Joseph G. Arth, A.K. Sinha, J. Carlson, D. R. Wones
1984, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (88) 113-125
The Bottle Lake Complex is a composite granitic batholith emplaced into Cambrian to Lower Devonian metasedimentary rocks. Both plutons (Whitney Cove and Passadumkeag River) are very coarse grained hornblende and biotite-bearing granites showing petrographic and geochemical reverse zonation. Two linear whole rock Rb/Sr isochrons on xenolith-free Whitney Cove and Passadumkeag...
Evaporation from flowing channels
J.M. Fulford, T.W. Sturm
1984, Journal of Energy Engineering - ASCE (110) 1-9
Stability‐dependent and Dalton‐type mass transfer formulas are determined from experimental evaporation data in ambient and heated channels and are shown to have similar performance in prediction of evaporation. The formulas developed are compared with those proposed by other investigators for lakes and flowing channels. The evaporation data were obtained from...
Inverse problems for torsional modes.
C. Willis
1984, Geophysical Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society (78) 847-853
Considers a spherically symmetric, non-rotating Earth consisting of an isotropic, perfect elastic material where the density and the S-wave velocity may have one or two discontinuities in the upper mantle. Shows that given the velocity throughout the mantle and the crust and given the density in the lower mantle, then...
Age-related mortality in a wintering population of dunlin
B.E. Kus, P. Ashman, G. Page, L. Stenzel
1984, The Auk (101) 69-73
Despite considerable evidence that juvenile shorebirds experience significantly higher annual mortality rates than adults, identification and quantification of the sources of mortality have received little attention. We found that the proportion of juvenile Dunlins (Calidris alpina) in the kills of a Merlin (Falco columbarius) one winter at Bolinas Lagoon, California...
Inter-pulse high-resolution gamma-ray spectra using a 14 MeV pulsed neutron generator
L.G. Evans, J.I. Trombka, D.H. Jensen, W.A. Stephenson, R. A. Hoover, J.L. Mikesell, A.B. Tanner, F. E. Senftle
1984, Nuclear Instruments and Methods In Physics Research (219) 233-242
A neutron generator pulsed at 100 s-1 was suspended in an artificial borehole containing a 7.7 metric ton mixture of sand, aragonite, magnetite, sulfur, and salt. Two Ge(HP) gamma-ray detectors were used: one in a borehole sonde, and one at the outside wall of the sample tank opposite the neutron...
Modeling crater topography and albedo from monoscopic Viking orbiter images: 1. Methodology
P. A. Davis, L.A. Soderblom
1984, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (89) 9449-9457
A new photoclinometric technique for extraction of topographic data from single planetary images is presented that overcomes many previous limitations of photoclinometry. The procedure fully compensates for oblique viewing geometry prevalent in spacecraft images. Albedo variations have been one of the most serious obstacles in the application of photoclinometry to...
Petrochemistry, age and isotopic composition of alkali basalts from Ponape Island, Western Pacific
T.H. Dixon, Rodey Batiza, Kiyoto Futa, D. Martin
1984, Chemical Geology (43) 1-28
Eleven analyzed lava samples from Ponape Island are alkali olivine basalt, basanite and basanitoid. Most lavas are aphyric or sparsely phyric (< 10% phenocrysts) and have phenocrysts of olivine (Fo77-80), clinopyroxene and titanomagnetite, and microphenocrysts of plagioclase (An53-68) in a fine-grained groundmass of olivine, clinopyroxene, plagioclase, opaques, potassic oligoclase, ??...
