Denitrification and mixing in a stream-aquifer system: Effects on nitrate loading to surface water
P.B. McMahon, J.K. Böhlke
1996, Journal of Hydrology (186) 105-128
Ground water in terrace deposits of the South Platte River alluvial aquifer near Greeley, Colorado, USA, had a median nitrate concentration of 1857 μmol l−1. Median nitrate concentrations in ground water from adjacent floodplain deposits (468 μmol l−1) and riverbed sediments (461 μmol...
Subtidal circulation patterns in a shallow, highly stratified estuary: Mobile Bay, Alabama
M.A. Noble, W.W. Schroeder, W.J. Wiseman Jr., H. F. Ryan, G. Gelfenbaum
1996, Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans (101) 25689-25703
Mobile Bay is a wide (25-50 km), shallow (3 m), highly stratified estuary on the Gulf coast of the United States. In May 1991 a series of instruments that measure near-surface and near-bed current, temperature, salinity, and middepth pressure were deployed for a year-long study of the bay. A full...
Characterization of metal adsorption variability in a sand and gravel aquifer, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, U.S.A
C. C. Fuller, J.A. Davis, J.A. Coston, E. Dixon
1996, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (22) 165-187
Several geochemical properties of an aquifer sediment that control metal-ion adsorption were investigated to determine their potential use as indicators of the spatial variability of metal adsorption. Over the length of a 4.5-m-long core from a sand and gravel aquifer, lead (Pb2+) and zinc (Zn2+) adsorption at constant chemical conditions...
A slow earthquake sequence on the San Andreas fault
A. T. Linde, M. T. Gladwin, Malcolm J. S. Johnston, R. L. Gwyther, Roger Bilham
1996, Nature (383) 65-68
EARTHQUAKES typically release stored strain energy on timescales of the order of seconds, limited by the velocity of sound in rock. Over the past 20 years, observations and laboratory experiments have indicated that capture can also occur more slowly, with durations up to hours. Such events may be important in...
Movement of nitrate fertilizer to glacial till and runoff from a claypan soil
D. W. Blevins, D.H. Wilkison, B. P. Kelly, S. R. Silva
1996, Journal of Environmental Quality (25) 584-593
Although water from 20 to 25% of shallow farmstead wells in northern Missouri has concentrations of nitrate (NO3/-) exceeding 10 mg L-1 as nitrogen (N), many potential sources for this NO3/- are usually present. A field experiment was designed to trace and isolate the amount of a single application of...
Ecology and pathology of European chestnut (Castanea sativa) in the deciduous forests of the Caucasus Mountains in southern Russia
M.V. Pridnya, V.V. Cherpakov, Frederick L. Paillet
1996, Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society (123) 213-222
Chestnut-dominated forests of the Caucasus Mountain area of Russia are very similar to former chestnut-dominated forests in eastern North America. The distribution, pathology, and reproductive status of European chestnut (Castanea sativa) in the Caucasus are described and compared to that of American chestnut (C. dentata). Chestnut forests are distributed continuously...
Late Stage 5 Glacio-isostatic Sea in the St. Lawrence Valley, Canada and United States
S. Occhietti, S. Balescu, M. Lamothe, M. Clet, T. Cronin, P. Ferland, P. Pichet
1996, Quaternary Research (45) 128-137
Although post-glacial marine sediments of late Wisconsinan and early Holocene age are common in eastern Canada and the northeastern United States, remnants of older Pleistocene marine sediments are scarce. A fossiliferous marine clay that predates the classical Wisconsinan was recently discovered in the St. Lawrence Valley. A dominantly estuarine environment...
Misinterpretation of lateral acoustic variations on high-resolution seismic reflection profiles as fault offsets of Holocene bay mud beneath the southern part of San Francisco Bay, California
M. S. Marlow, P. E. Hart, P.R. Carlson, J.R. Childs, D. M. Mann, R. J. Anima, R. E. Kayen
1996, Marine and Petroleum Geology (13) 341-348
We collected high-resolution seismic reflection profiles in the southern part of San Francisco Bay in 1992 and 1993 to investigate possible Holocene faulting along postulated transbay bedrock fault zones. The initial analog records show apparent offsets of reflection packages along sharp vertical boundaries. These records were originally interpreted as showing...
Beach-ridge development in Lake Michigan: Shoreline behavior in response to quasi-periodic lake-level events
T.A. Thompson, S.J. Baedke
1996, Marine Geology (129) 163-174
Strandplains of arcuate beach ridges are common in coastal embayments in parts of the Great Lakes. Similarities in beach-ridge development and geomorphology are recognizable in many of the embayments in the Lake Michigan basin despite differences in size and shape, available sediment type and supply, predepositional slope and topography, and...
1957 Gobi-Altay, Mongolia, earthquake as a prototype for southern California's most devastating earthquake
C. Bayarsayhan, A. Bayasgalan, B. Enhtuvshin, K.W. Hudnut, R.A. Kurushin, P. Molnar, M. Olziybat
1996, Geology (24) 579-582
The 1957 Gobi-Altay earthquake was associated with both strike-slip and thrust faulting, processes similar to those along the San Andreas fault and the faults bounding the San Gabriel Mountains just north of Los Angeles, California. Clearly, a major rupture either on the San...
Estimates of evapotranspiration or effective moisture in Rocky Mountain watersheds from chloride ion concentrations in stream baseflow
Hans C. Claassen, Douglas R. Halm
1996, Water Resources Research (32) 363-372
The principle that atmospherically derived chloride is a conservative tracer in many watersheds can be used to calculate average annual evapotranspiration or effective moisture if estimates are available for (1) the average annual chloride input to the watershed, (2) the average annual precipitation, and (3) the baseflow chloride concentration are...
Three-dimensional seismic image of a geothermal reservoir: The Geysers, California
B.R. Julian, A. Ross, G.R. Foulger, J.R. Evans
1996, Geophysical Research Letters (23) 685-688
Three-dimensional seismic travel-time tomography of The Geysers geothermal area, in the coast ranges of northern California, shows a strong (−9%) anomaly in VP/VS, the ratio of the compressional and shear wave speeds, that is not evident in VP alone and corresponds closely to the most intensively exploited part of...
Reinvestigation of the annite = sanidine + magnetite + H2 reaction using the fH2-sensor technique
G.L. Cygan, I.-M. Chou, David M. Sherman
1996, American Mineralogist (81) 475-484
The decomposition of the iron mica, annite, to sanidine plus magnetite and vapor, KFe3AlSi3O10(OH)2 = KAlSi3O8 + Fe3O4 + H2, has been reexamined experimentally with the use of a variety of buffers coupled with fH2 sensors at 2 kbar and between 400 and 840 ??C. Various capsule configurations were used...
Degassing during magma ascent in the Mule Creek vent (USA)
M.V. Stasiuk, J. Barclay, M.R. Carroll, Claude Jaupart, J.C. Ratte, R. S. J. Sparks, S.R. Tait
1996, Bulletin of Volcanology (58) 117-130
The structures and textures of the rhyolite in the Mule Creek vent (New Mexico, USA) indicate mechanisms by which volatiles escape from silicic magma during eruption. The vent outcrop is a 300-m-high canyon wall comprising a section through the top of a feeder conduit, vent and the base of an...
Heat capacity and entropy at the temperatures 5 K to 720 K and thermal expansion from the temperatures 298 K to 573 K of synthetic enargite (Cu3AsS4)
R.R. Seal II, R. A. Robie, B. S. Hemingway, H. T. Evans Jr.
1996, Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics (28) 405-412
The heat capacity of synthetic Cu3AsS4 (enargite) was measured by quasi-adiabatic calorimetry from the temperatures 5 K to 355 K and by differential scanning calorimetry from T = 339 K to T = 720 K. Heat-capacity anomalies were observed at T = (58.5 ?? 0.5) K (??trsHom = 1.4??R??K; ??trsSom...
The potential for increasing the use of catalytic carbons in commercial applications
C.W. Kruse
1996, ACS Division of Fuel Chemistry, Preprints (41) 451-454
A carbon catalyst, prepared either by oxidizing activated carbon with air at 500-700??C or by oxidizing activated carbon with boiling nitric acid followed by heating it to 500-700??C, is the subject of this paper. This catalyst, designated OAC500-700, catalyzes the removal of hydrogen chloride from alkyl halides. Because OAC500-700 retains...
Slip history of the 1995 Kobe, Japan, earthquake determined from strong motion, teleseismic, and geodetic data
D.J. Wald
1996, Journal of Physics of the Earth (44) 489-503
Near-source ground motions, teleseismic body waveforms, and geodetic displacements produced by the 1995 Kobe, Japan, earthquake have been used to determine the spatial and temporal dislocation pattern on the faulting surfaces. A linear, least-squares approach was used to invert the data sets both independently and in unison in order to...
Shallow subsurface geology of part of the Savannah River alluvial valley in the upper Coastal Plain of Georgia and South Carolina
D.C. Leeth, D.D. Nagle
1996, Southeastern Geology (36) 1-14
The depth to which Coastal Plain rivers incise underlying formations is an important control on local and regional hydrologic flow systems. In order to clarify these stream/aquifer relations, a better understanding of the shallow subsurface geology of the Savannah River was necessary. To accomplish this, three drillhole transects were completed...
Variations in the reproductive cycle of Dreissena polymorpha in Europe, Russia, and North America
Susan Jerrine Nichols
1996, American Zoologist (36) 311-325
The reproductive cycle of the zebra mussel {Dreissena polymorpha) is highly variable throughout its range in Europe, Russia, and North America. The environmental factors influencing this variation are poorly understood, but successful reproduction is occurring in areas where it was initially believed that adult zebra mussels could not survive (i.e.,...
Recovery of burrowing mayflies (Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae: Hexagenia) in western Lake Erie
Kenneth A. Krieger, Don W. Schloesser, Bruce A. Manny, Carmen E. Trisler, Susan E. Heady, Jan J.H. Ciborowski, Kenneth M. Muth
1996, Journal of Great Lakes Research (22) 254-263
Burrowing mayflies (Hexagenia spp.) are native to western Lake Erie and were abundant until the 1950s, when they disappeared due to degraded water and sediment quality. Nymphs were absent from the sediments of most of western Lake Erie after the 1950s, although small, widely disjunct populations apparently persisted near shore. Sediment...
Predation on ruffe by native fishes of the St. Louis River Estuary, Lake Superior, 1989-1991
Derek H. Ogle, James H. Selgeby, Jacqueline F. Savino, Raymond M. Newman, Mary G. Henry
1996, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (16) 115-123
The ruffe Gymnocephalus cernuus, an exotic Eurasian percid, recently became established in the St. Louis River estuary, Lake Superior, after accidental introduction. Management actions (catch regulations and stockings) were enacted in 1989 to increase the density of top-level predators in the estuary, and thus to increase predation on ruffe. We conducted...
Bathythermal distribution, maturity, and growth of lake trout strains stocked in U.S. waters of Lake Ontario, 1978-1993
Joseph H. Elrod, Robert O’Gorman, Clifford P. Schneider
1996, Journal of Great Lakes Research (22) 722-743
Bathythermal distributions, sexual maturity, and growth of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) strains stocked in Lake Ontario were determined for fish collected with trawls and gill nets in 1978-93. The purpose was to augment the basis for deciding which strains to continue stocking in an effort to reestablish a self-sustaining...
Comparison of three nonlinear models to describe long-term tag shedding by lake trout
Mary C. Fabrizio, Bruce L. Swanson, Stephen T. Schram, Michael H. Hoff
1996, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (125) 261-273
We estimated long-term tag-shedding rates for lake trout Salvelinus namaycush using two existing models and a model we developed to account for the observed permanence of some tags. Because tag design changed over the course of the study, we examined tag-shedding rates for three types of numbered anchor tags (Floy tags FD-67,...
Long-term ecological research in Loch Vale Watershed, Rocky Mountain National Park. 1996 Annual Report to the National Park Service.
B. Newkirk, Jill Baron, E.J. Allstott
1996, Report
No abstract available....
Myxobolus cognati n. sp. (Myxosporea) from the opercular integument of Cottus cognatus (Cottidae) in Lake Michigan
David K. Cone, Richard Greg Stickel, Gary W. Eck, Patrick M. Muzzall
1996, Journal of Parasitology (82) 137-139
A myxosporean producing aggregations of white pseudocysts in skin covering the posterior margin of the operculum and perioral tissue of Cottus cognatus in Lake Michigan is described as Myxobolus cognati n. sp. (Myxosporea). Histological sections revealed that the parasite develops in vascularized regions of the dermis and with development protrudes...
